Chapter 40: Child With an Oncological or Hematological Condition

Chapter 40: Child With an Oncological or Hematological Condition

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

Multiple Choice

Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

 

____     1.   Which primary function of red blood cells (RBCs) should the nurse consider when providing care to a pediatric patient who has been diagnosed with anemia?

1)	Mediating the immune system to decrease areas of serious inflammation
2)	Transporting hemoglobin that carries oxygen from the lungs to the tissues
3)	Migrating and providing a rapid defense against any foreign agent
4)	Providing hemostasis and vascular repair following injury to a vessel wall

 

 

____     2.   The pediatric nurse teaches the parents of a preschool-aged child diagnosed with anemia that it is important to identify the cause of anemia so treatment can be tailored to their child’s specific needs. The nurse tells the parents that their child’s anemia is caused by an increased destruction of red blood cells that occurs with which condition noted in the medical history?

1)	Bone marrow failure
2)	Acute blood loss
3)	Myelodysplastic syndrome
4)	Sickle cell anemia

 

 

____     3.   A hematologist diagnoses a school-aged child with thrombocytopenia. When educating the parents of the child about this condition, which description of the disease does the nurse include?

1)	A decrease in platelets
2)	An increase in red blood cells
3)	A decrease in white blood cells
4)	An increase in platelets

 

 

____     4.   Which parental statement indicates correct understanding of information presented regarding the treatment for infant anemia?

1)	“We will add green leafy vegetables to our child’s low-iron formula.”
2)	“We will discontinue the use of vitamin C supplements by 6 months of age.”
3)	“We will begin an iron-fortified infant cereal at 4 to 6 months of age.”
4)	“We will introduce cow’s milk by 6 months of age.”

 

Answer Section

 

MULTIPLE CHOICE

 

1. ANS:  2

Chapter number and title: 40: Child With an Oncological or Hematological Condition

Chapter learning objective: Describe the composition and function of the components of blood and relate each function to the pathology of hematological and oncological diseases.

Chapter page reference: 691-693

Heading: The Composition and Function of Blood

Integrated processes: Clinical Problem-Solving Process

Client need: Physiological Adaptation

Cognitive level: Comprehension [Understanding]

Concept: Hematologic Regulation

Difficulty: Easy

 

	Feedback
1	White blood cells (WBCs) are important for immune system mediation.
2	The RBCs, also known as erythrocytes, have the primary function of transporting hemoglobin, which carries oxygen from the lungs to the tissues.
3	Most leukocytes migrate to areas of serious inflammation and provide a rapid defense against any foreign agent.
4	The primary function of platelets is hemostasis and vascular repair following injury to a vessel wall; platelets aggregate to form a plug.

 

 

PTS:   1                    CON:  Hematologic Regulation

 

2. ANS:  4

Chapter number and title: 40: Child With an Oncological or Hematological Condition

Chapter learning objective: Analyze the pathology of anemias and relate types of anemia with an anemic child’s clinical presentation.

Chapter page reference: 697-699

Heading: Sickle Cell Anemia

Integrated processes: Teaching and Learning

Client need: Physiological Adaptation

Cognitive level: Comprehension [Understanding]

Concept: Hematologic Regulation

Difficulty: Easy

 

	Feedback
1	Bone marrow failure causes a decreased production of RBCs.
2	Acute or chronic blood loss does not cause the destruction of RBCs but an inability to reproduce RBCs to replace those lost.
3	Myelodysplastic syndrome causes decreased production of RBCs.
4	An increased destruction of RBCs occurs with conditions such as sickle cell anemia or hereditary spherocytosis.

 

 

PTS:   1                    CON:  Hematologic Regulation

 

3. ANS:  1

Chapter number and title: 40: Child With an Oncological or Hematological Condition

Chapter learning objective: Describe the composition of and function of the components of blood and relate each function to the pathology of hematological and oncological diseases.

Chapter page reference: 691-693

Heading: The Composition and Function of Blood

Integrated processes: Teaching and Learning

Client need: Physiological Adaptation

Cognitive level: Comprehension [Understanding]

Concept: Hematologic Regulation

Difficulty: Easy

 

	Feedback
1	Thrombocytopenia is a decrease in platelets.
2	Polycythemia is an increase in RBCs.
3	Leukopenia is a decrease in WBCs.
4	Thrombocytosis is an increase in platelets.

 

 

PTS:   1                    CON:  Hematologic Regulation

 

4. ANS:  3

Chapter number and title: 40: Child With an Oncological or Hematological Condition

Chapter learning objective: State the assessments conducted for a child who presents with iron-deficiency anemia and sickle cell anemia and describe the required medical and nursing care for each.

Chapter page reference: 697

Heading: Nursing Considerations for Iron-Deficiency Anemia

Integrated processes: Teaching and Learning

Client need: Physiological Adaptation

Cognitive level: Analysis [Analyzing]

Concept: Hematologic Regulation

Difficulty: Difficult

 

	Feedback
1	The infant’s maternal iron stores are depleted by 6 months. Infants who are not breastfed should get iron-fortified formula. Green leafy vegetables, though iron-fortified, are not appropriate for an infant.
2	Vitamin C should be started at 6 to 9 months of age and continued because foods rich in vitamin C improve iron absorption.
3	Starting iron-fortified infant cereal at 4 to 6 months of age is recommended for prevention of iron deficiency in children.
4	Cow’s milk should not be introduced until 12 months of age.

 

 

PTS:   1                    CON:  Hematologic Regulation