Chapter 42: Alterations of Digestive Function in Children

Chapter 42: Alterations of Digestive Function in Children

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

MULTIPLE CHOICE

 

1. Incomplete fusion of the nasomedial and intermaxillary process during the fourth week of embryonic development causes which condition in an infant?

a.	Cleft palate	c.	Cleft lip
b.	Sinus dysfunction	d.	Esophageal malformation

 

 

ANS:  C

Of the available options, only a cleft lip is caused by the incomplete fusion of the nasomedial and intermaxillary process during the fourth week of embryonic development.

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   Page 1486

 

2. Increased gastrin secretion by the mother in the last trimester of pregnancy may cause which condition in the infant?

a.	Pyloric stenosis	c.	Esophageal atresia
b.	Meconium ileus	d.	Galactosemia

 

 

ANS:  A

The cause is unknown but increased gastrin secretion by the mother in the last trimester of pregnancy increases the likelihood of pyloric stenosis in the infant. The overproduction of gastric secretions in the infant may be caused by stress-related factors in the mother. This statement is not true of the other options.

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   Pages 1488-1489

 

3. At 2 or 3 weeks of age, an infant who has been well fed and has gained weight begins to vomit for no apparent reason. The vomiting gradually becomes more forceful. These symptoms may be indicative of which disorder?

a.	Esophageal atresia	c.	Pyloric stenosis
b.	Congenital aganglionic megacolon	d.	Galactosemia

 

 

ANS:  C

Of the options available, only the clinical manifestations of pyloric stenosis—an infant who has been well fed and has gained weight begins to vomit without an apparent reason—can appear between 2 and 3 weeks after birth. The vomiting gradually becomes more forceful.

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   Page 1489

 

4. Which term is used to identify a condition in which the developing colon remains in the upper right quadrant instead of moving to its normal location?

a.	Intestinal malrotation	c.	Duodenal obstruction
b.	Ileocecal displacement	d.	Pyloric stenosis

 

 

ANS:  A

Intestinal malrotation is the only term used to identify a condition in which rotation does not occur and the colon remains in the upper right quadrant, where an abnormal membrane may press on and obstruct the duodenum.

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   Page 1489

 

5. Which term is used to identify an intestinal obstruction caused by meconium formed in utero that is abnormally sticky and adheres firmly to the mucosa of the small intestine?

a.	Meconium cecum	c.	Meconium obstruction
b.	Meconium ileus	d.	Meconium vivax

 

 

ANS:  B

Meconium ileus is the only term used to identify an intestinal obstruction caused by meconium formed in utero that is abnormally sticky and adheres firmly to the mucosa of the small intestine, resisting passage beyond the terminal ileum. The cause is usually a lack of digestive enzymes during fetal life.

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   Page 1490