Chapter 43: Structure and Function of the Nervous System

Chapter 43: Structure and Function of the Nervous System

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. Neurotransmitter binding to neuronal receptors occurs primarily at the dendrite and

ANS:  A

Neurotransmitters bind to receptors on the dendrite and cell body. The nucleus is not the location of neurotransmitter binding. The axon hillock is the point where the axon emerges from the cell body. Neurotransmitter is stored at the axon terminal.

REF:   Pg. 881

2. In contrast to other cell types, nerve and muscle cells are able to conduct action potentials because they

ANS:  C

Voltage-gated ion channels allow the cell membranes of excitable cell types, like nerve and muscle, to open and close in response to fluctuations in membrane voltage. Potassium channels allow for repolarization of cells. The cell membrane is permeable to potassium at rest. Fast sodium channels allow sodium influx during the upstroke of the action potential.

REF:   Pg. 881

3. The resting membrane potential in nerve and skeletal muscle is determined primarily by

ANS:  B

At equilibrium, the electrical gradient pulling K⁺ into the cell and the chemical gradient pulling it out are balanced. This equilibrium point leaves a few extra negatively charged ions inside the cell with no positive ion to neutralize them. The resting membrane potential in nerve and skeletal muscle is not determined by the extracellular sodium concentration. The membrane potential changes in response to potassium changes. Ion channels open and close in response to fluctuations in membrane voltage, but the resting membrane potential is not determined by the activity of membrane ion pumps.

REF:   Pg. 881