Chapter 45: Antineoplastic Drugs Part 1: Cancer Overview and Cell Cycle–Specific Drugs

Chapter 45: Antineoplastic Drugs Part 1: Cancer Overview and Cell Cycle–Specific Drugs

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

MULTIPLE CHOICE

 

1. One patient has cancer of the bone; another has cancer in the connective tissues of the thigh muscles; a third patient has cancer in the vascular tissues. Which of these is the correct term for these tumors?

a.	Sarcoma
b.	Leukemia
c.	Carcinoma
d.	Lymphoma

 

 

ANS:  A

Sarcomas are malignant tumors that arise from connective tissues. These tissues can be found in bone, cartilage, muscle, blood, lymphatic, and vascular tissues. The other options are incorrect.

 

DIF:    COGNITIVE LEVEL: Understanding (Comprehension)    REF:   p. 711

TOP:   NURSING PROCESS: Assessment

MSC:  NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation

 

2. A patient is receiving her third course of 5-fluorouracil therapy and knows that stomatitis is a potential adverse effect of antineoplastic therapy. What will the nurse teach her about managing this problem?

a.	“You can take aspirin to prevent stomatitis.”
b.	“Be sure to watch for and report black, tarry stools immediately.”
c.	“You need to increase your intake of foods containing fiber and citric acid.”
d.	“Be sure to examine your mouth daily for bleeding, painful areas, and ulcerations.”

 

 

ANS:  D

The symptoms of stomatitis consist of pain or burning in the mouth, difficulty swallowing, taste changes, viscous saliva, dryness, cracking, and fissures, with or without bleeding mucosa. Teach patients to avoid consuming foods containing citric acid and foods that are hot or spicy or high in fiber. Assessing stools is important but is not related to stomatitis, and aspirin must not be used during this therapy.

 

DIF:    COGNITIVE LEVEL: Applying (Application)                  REF:   p. 731

TOP:   NURSING PROCESS: Implementation

MSC:  NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Reduction of Risk Potential

 

3. The nurse is developing a plan of care for a patient who is experiencing gastrointestinal adverse effects, including anorexia and nausea, after the first course of antineoplastic therapy. What is an appropriate outcome for this patient when dealing with this problem?

a.	The patient will eat three balanced meals a day within 2 days.
b.	The patient will return to normal eating pattern within 4 weeks.
c.	The patient will maintain normal weight by consuming healthy snacks as tolerated.
d.	The patient will maintain a diet of small, frequent feedings with nutrition supplements within 2 weeks.

 

 

ANS:  D

Consuming small, frequent meals with nutritional supplements, and maintaining a bland diet help to improve nutrition during antineoplastic therapy.

 

DIF:    COGNITIVE LEVEL: Applying (Application)                  REF:   p. 729

TOP:   NURSING PROCESS: Planning

MSC:  NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Basic Care and Comfort

 

4. A patient is receiving high doses of methotrexate and is experiencing severe bone marrow suppression. The nurse expects which intervention to be ordered with this drug to reduce this problem?

a.	A transfusion of whole blood
b.	Leucovorin rescue
c.	Therapy with filgrastim (Neupogen)
d.	Administration of allopurinol (Zyloprim)

 

 

ANS:  B

High-dose methotrexate is associated with bone marrow suppression, and it is always given in conjunction with the rescue drug leucovorin, which is an antidote for folic acid antagonists. Basically, leucovorin rescues the healthy cells from methotrexate. The other options are incorrect.

 

DIF:    COGNITIVE LEVEL: Understanding (Comprehension)    REF:   p. 719

TOP:   NURSING PROCESS: Implementation

MSC:   NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Reduction of Risk Potential