Chapter 46: Alterations in Special Sensory Function

Chapter 46: Alterations in Special Sensory Function

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. It is true that a conductive hearing loss
a. cannot be corrected.
b. is due to damage to hair cells in the inner ear.
c. usually results from chronic exposure to loud noise.
d. is due to dysfunction of outer and middle ear structures.
ANS: D
Conductive hearing loss is caused by dysfunction in the external or middle ear. Conductive hearing loss is generally correctable
with medical or surgical therapy. Damage to hair cells in the inner ear is not the cause of conductive hearing loss. Acquired
sensorineural hearing loss is caused by chronic, repeated exposure to loud sounds.
REF: Pg. 945
2. Ménière disease is characterized by
a. bilateral hearing impairment.
b. vertigo in association with hearing loss.
c. middle ear infection.
d. ossification of bones in the middle ear.
ANS: B
Clinical manifestations of Ménière disease include tinnitus, fluctuating sensorineural hearing loss, vertigo, and sensations of ear
fullness. In the early stages, hearing loss fluctuates and is usually in the low tones. Many infections have been suggested as
causative agents, but the precise cause cannot be established in most cases. Ménière disease is characterized by a degeneration of
the neural end organs of the cochlea.
REF: Pg. 947
3. Myopia is due to an error of light refraction in which
a. light rays are scattered as they pass through the cornea.
b. the focal point of an image is behind the retina.
c. far vision is impaired.
d. accommodation is impaired.
ANS: C
Myopia or nearsightedness is frequently seen in late childhood or early adolescence, and individuals with myopia are unable to see
distant objects clearly. If the eye is elongated, the image focuses in front of the retina rather than on it. Myopia is not related to
scattered light rays as they pass through the cornea. Myopia is not related to a focal point being behind the retina. Presbyopia is the
loss of accommodative capacity.
REF: Pg. 950
4. Opacification of the lens is commonly referred to as
a. hyperopia.
b. glaucoma.
c. presbyopia.
d. cataract.
ANS: D
Cataracts are a clouding or opacity of the lens that leads to gradual blurring of vision and eventual loss of sight. In hyperopia, light
rays are focused behind the retina. Glaucoma is characterized by increased intraocular pressure and progressive loss of vision.
Presbyopia is the loss of accommodative capacity.