Chapter 46: Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument

Chapter 46: Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

MULTIPLE CHOICE

 

1. Which component of the epidermis initiates immune responses and provides a defense against environmental antigens?

a.	Langerhans cells	c.	Keratinocytes
b.	Merkel cells	d.	Melanocytes

 

 

ANS:  A

Langerhans cells (a type of dendritic cell) and dermal dendritic cells initiate an immune response by presenting processed antigen to T cells, thus providing a defense against environmental antigens. This function is not true of the other options.

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   Page 1617

 

2. Which cells of the dermis release histamine and play a role in the hypersensitivity reactions of the skin?

a.	Histiocytes	c.	Mast cells
b.	Fibroblasts	d.	Macrophages

 

 

ANS:  C

Only mast cells release histamine and play a role in hypersensitivity reactions in the skin.

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   Page 1618

 

3. Which cells of the dermis secrete connective tissue matrix?

a.	Macrophages	c.	Fibroblasts
b.	Mast cells	d.	Histiocytes

 

 

ANS:  C

Only fibroblasts secrete the connective tissue matrix and collagen.

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   Page 1618

 

4. Which gland releases secretions that are important in thermoregulation and cooling of the body through evaporation?

a.	Sebaceous	c.	Eccrine
b.	Apocrine	d.	Exocrine

 

 

ANS:  C

The eccrine sweat glands are distributed over the body, with the greatest numbers in the palms of the hands, soles of the feet, and forehead. These secretions are important in thermoregulation and cooling of the body through evaporation. This function is not true for the other options.

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   Page 1618

 

5. Which receptors of the sympathetic nervous system regulate heat loss through the skin?

a.	Cholinergic	c.	a-Adrenergic
b.	ß-Adrenergic	d.	Anticholinergic

 

 

ANS:  C

Heat loss can be regulated by varying blood flow through the skin by opening and closing the arteriovenous anastomoses in conjunction with evaporative heat loss of sweat. The sympathetic nervous system regulates vasoconstriction and vasodilation through a-adrenergic receptors only.

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   Page 1619