Chapter 47: Alterations of the Integument in Children

Chapter 47: Alterations of the Integument in Children

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. Which immunoglobulin (Ig) is elevated in atopic dermatitis?

ANS:  C

In the acute phase of atopic dermatitis, inflammation is associated with the activation of T helper 1 (Th-1) cells with an overexpression of cytokines (interleukin [IL]–4, IL-5, and IL-13) and chemokine ligand 1 (CCL1) and 18 (CCL18) with increases in IgE, eosinophils, and macrophages. The remaining options will not be elevated as related to atopic dermatitis.

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2. Which leukocytes are elevated in atopic dermatitis?

ANS:  A

In the acute phase of atopic dermatitis, inflammation is associated with the activation of T helper 1 (Th-1) cells with an overexpression of cytokines (interleukin [IL]–4, IL-5, and IL13) and chemokine ligand 1 (CCL1) and 18 (CCL 18) with increases in IgE, eosinophils, and macrophages. Other leukocytes will not be elevated as related to atopic dermatitis.

PTS:   1                    REF:   Page 1654

3. Which clinical manifestation is considered the hallmark of atopic dermatitis?

ANS:  D

Of the options, only itching is considered a hallmark of atopic dermatitis, and rubbing and scratching to relieve the itch are responsible for many of the clinical changes of atopic dermatitis.

PTS:   1                    REF:   Pages 1654-1655

4. Frequently, diaper dermatitis is secondarily infected with which organism?

ANS:  B

Of the options available, frequently the infant with diaper dermatitis is secondarily infected with C. albicans.

PTS:   1                    REF:   Page 1655

5. The disruption in cellular adhesion observed in bullous impetigo is caused by an exfoliative toxin related to which organism?

ANS:  A

Bullous impetigo is a rare variant of impetigo caused by S. aureus. The staphylococci produce a bacterial toxin called exfoliative toxin (ET), which causes a disruption in desmosomal adhesion molecules with blister formation characteristic of bullous impetigo. This selection is the only option that identifies the correct organism.

PTS:   1                    REF:   Page 1656