Introduction To Medical Surgical Nursing, 6th Edition by Linton
Introduction To Medical Surgical Nursing, 6th Edition by Linton
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Chapter 48: Diabetes Mellitus and Hypoglycemia
Complete Chapter Questions With Answers
Sample Questions Are Posted Below
MULTIPLE CHOICE
| a. | Prolonged elevation of stress hormone (cortisol, epinephrine, glucagon, growth hormone) levels |
| b. | Malfunction of the glycogen-storing capabilities of the liver |
| c. | Destruction of the beta cells in the pancreas |
| d. | Insulin resistance of the receptor cells in the muscle tissue |
ANS: C
Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a disease in which the pancreas does not produce adequate insulin because of the destruction of beta cells.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 1059 OBJ: 2
TOP: Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
| a. | Overweight and underactive people cannot simply use the insulin produced. |
| b. | Metabolism is slowed in some people, so they have to take a pill to speed up their metabolism. |
| c. | Sometimes the autoimmune system works against the action of the insulin. |
| d. | The cells become resistant to the action of insulin. Pills are given to increase the sensitivity. |
ANS: D
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a disease in which the cells become resistant to the action of insulin and the blood glucose level rises. Oral hyperglycemic agents make the cells more sensitive.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 1059 OBJ: 2
TOP: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
| a. | Excess amount of glucose |
| b. | Need for additional calories to correct the increased metabolism |
| c. | Fact that the cells cannot use the blood glucose |
| d. | Need for exercise to stimulate insulin secretion |
ANS: C
The cells cannot use the glucose without insulin, so the patient with diabetes still feels hungry event though abundant glucose is circulating in the blood.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 1059 OBJ: 3
TOP: Hunger in the Patient with Diabetes
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
| a. | High glucose levels that irritate and shrink the vessels |
| b. | Inadequate metabolism of proteins, which causes ketosis |
| c. | Increased fatty acid levels |
| d. | Increased metabolism of ketones, which causes hypertension |
ANS: C
The increase in fatty acid levels causes an increase in the level of triglycerides and an attendant rise in low-density lipoprotein levels.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 1059-1060
OBJ: 5 TOP: Diabetes: Complications
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Prevention and Early Detection of Disease
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