Chapter 49: Substance Abuse

Chapter 49: Substance Abuse

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

MULTIPLE CHOICE

 

1. A 16-year-old male has been referred to the community mental health center following legal charges of driving under the influence. Which screening tests would be appropriate to use on this patient?

a.	Drug Abuse Screening Test (DAST)
b.	Adolescent Alcohol Involvement Scale (AAIS)
c.	Adolescent Drug Abuse Diagnosis (ADAD)
d.	Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI 2)

 

 

ANS:  B

The adolescent patient has legal problems associated with alcohol use. The AAIS screening instrument would be appropriate to use. DAST is a comprehensive screening and assessment instrument. ADAD is an adolescent drug abuse diagnosis instrument. MMPI is a personality inventory.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Comprehension     REF:   p. 834             OBJ:   N/A

TOP:   Nursing Process Step: Assessment

MSC:  NCLEX Client Needs Category: Psychosocial Integrity

 

2. A patient admitted 48 hours ago has a diagnosis of gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding and is receiving IV hydration and transfusions. When making rounds, the nurse observes the patient to be having a tonic clonic seizure. What may be the cause of the seizure?

a.	Low blood counts as a result of bleeding
b.	Alcohol withdrawal
c.	Alkalosis
d.	Inadequate nutrition

 

 

ANS:  B

Alcohol withdrawal symptoms can begin within a few hours of discontinuation of drinking and may continue for 3 to 10 days. Withdrawal symptoms may be severe and include visual and auditory hallucinations and tonic clonic seizures. The patient’s admitting diagnosis, GI bleeding, may be associated with alcohol abuse. Denial is a common symptom associated with alcoholism, and the patient may not have been honest about alcohol intake when the health care provider took the history on admission. History may be obtained from the patient’s family or significant other. It is unlikely that the blood loss is significant enough to induce seizures. Alkalosis is not likely the cause of seizures in this case; the patient is more likely to be acidotic from the combined dehydration and withdrawal. Common causes in the setting of alcohol withdrawal include alcoholic ketoacidosis and ingestion of alcohols or medications that result in metabolic acidosis (e.g., methanol, ethylene glycol, salicylate). Inadequate nutrition is not likely to cause seizures in this patient.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Application           REF:   p. 837             OBJ:   5

TOP:   Nursing Process Step: Evaluation

MSC:  NCLEX Client Needs Category: Psychosocial Integrity

 

3. Which theory views addiction as a maladaptive habit that can be examined and changed the same way as other habits?

a.	Psychoanalytic theory
b.	Behavior theory
c.	Cognitive theory
d.	Family system theory

 

 

ANS:  B

Behavior or learning theories view addictive behaviors as overlearned maladaptive habits that can be examined and changed in the same way as other habits. Psychoanalytic theory bases substance abuse on fixation with oral issues. Cognitive theories suggest that addiction is based on a distorted way of thinking about substance use. Family system theory emphasizes the pattern of relationships among family members through the generations as an explanation of substance abuse.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Comprehension     REF:   p. 829             OBJ:   2

TOP:   Nursing Process Step: Evaluation

MSC:  NCLEX Client Needs Category: Psychosocial Integrity

 

4. A nurse working the night shift suspects that a colleague is abusing alcohol. Which action by the nurse is most important?

a.	“Good faith” reporting is unfaithful to a colleague.
b.	Reporting will result in loss of the colleague’s license.
c.	It is not of concern, and the nurse won’t be penalized for refusing to get involved.
d.	State guidelines may mandate to report substance abuse.

 

 

ANS:  D

In some states, when substance abuse of a colleague is suspected, reporting is mandatory. Professionals must be loyal to their patients and protect them from harm. “Good faith” reporting should not be viewed as disloyalty to a colleague. Licenses are often not revoked when a colleague self reports or is reported for substance abuse. Health professionals may be named in a civil lawsuit if they fail to report suspected impairment of another professional.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Analysis                REF:   pp. 834-835    OBJ:   3

TOP:   Nursing Process Step: Planning

MSC:  NCLEX Client Needs Category: Safe, Effective Care Environment