CHAPTER 5: DRUG THERAPY FOR PEDIATRIC CLIENTS

CHAPTER 5: DRUG THERAPY FOR PEDIATRIC CLIENTS

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

MULTIPLE CHOICE

 

1. Which of the following is true of pediatric clients?

a.	At birth, stomach acidity is very high.
b.	Infants tend to have a small proportion of water in their bodies compared to adults.
c.	Drug penetration through infant skin is more rapid than in older children.
d.	Greater protein binding of drugs is observed in pediatric clients than in adults.

 

 

ANS:  C

 

	Feedback
A	Incorrect: Gastric acidity is reduced.
B	Incorrect: Infants have a much larger percentage of body water compared to adults.
C	Correct: Infant skin is thinner, allowing for more rapid drug penetration than in older children.
D	Incorrect: Protein binding in children is less than in adults, because of the child’s immature liver.

 

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   p. 122            OBJ:   Cognitive Level: Knowledge

 

2. A history of maternal drug use is most closely related to a neonate’s ability to:

a.	absorb drugs from the gastrointestinal tract.
b.	excrete drugs by the kidney.
c.	metabolize drugs in the liver.
d.	bind drugs onto plasma proteins.

 

 

ANS:  C

 

	Feedback
A	Incorrect: Maternal drug use does not affect drug absorption.
B	Incorrect: Maternal drug use does not affect drug excretion.
C	Correct: Maternal drug use can impact the child’s drug metabolism.
D	Incorrect: Maternal drug use does not affect distribution.

 

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   p. 114            OBJ:   Cognitive Level: Comprehension

 

3. Pediatric drug dosages are usually best calculated on the basis of the child’s:

a.	body surface area.	c.	height or length.
b.	age.	d.	weight.

 

 

ANS:  D

 

	Feedback
A	Incorrect: Some drugs, such as antineoplastics, are calculated using BSA (body surface area), but most medication dosages for children are based on kg of body weight.
B	Incorrect: Pediatric dosage calculations based on age alone generally are not accurate.
C	Incorrect: Dosage calculations are not based on height.
D	Correct: Most pediatric dosages are based on kg of body weight.

 

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   p. 115            OBJ:   Cognitive Level: Knowledge

 

4. When administering a bitter medication to a child, the nurse or parent should:

a.	refrain from telling the child that the medication is bitter.
b.	tell the child that the medication tastes good.
c.	encourage the child to put ice in the mouth for a few minutes before taking the medication.
d.	mix the medication into the child’s milk at breakfast.

 

 

ANS:  C

 

	Feedback
A	Incorrect: The nurse should be honest but firm with the child.
B	Incorrect: The nurse should be honest but firm with the child.
C	Correct: Ice in the mouth may decrease taste sensation when a bitter medication is being given.
D	Incorrect: Medication should not be mixed in with essential foods, as the child may later avoid these foods.

 

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   p. 119            OBJ:   Cognitive Level: Application

 

5. Brittany is a two-month-old receiving oral medications so the nurse should: plan to:

a.	administer her medications before meals.
b.	administer her medications rapidly, before she begins crying.
c.	ask the health care provider to change the route to parenteral.
d.	have the parents administer Brittany’s medication.

 

 

ANS:  A

 

	Feedback
A	Correct: Oral medications should be administered when birth to three-month-olds are hungry to better ensure complete consumption of medications.
B	Incorrect: Oral medications should be administered slowly and in as a small a volume as possible.
C	Incorrect: The oral route is the most common and least traumatic for a young infant.
D	Incorrect: Parents can be taught by the nurse to administer Brittany’s medication, if these are medications Brittany will be taking at home.

 

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   p. 118            OBJ:   Cognitive Level: Application