Chapter 5: Genome Structure, Regulation, and Tissue Differentiation

Chapter 5: Genome Structure, Regulation, and Tissue Differentiation

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. Approximately what percentage of the human DNA chromosomes code for proteins?

ANS:  A

Only about 1.3% of chromosomal DNA codes for proteins.

REF:   Pg. 75

2. Which tissue type is categorized as epithelial?

ANS:  C

Epithelial cells line glands, blood vessels, and internal surfaces. Tendons, ligaments, blood cells, and cartilage are connective tissue.

REF:   Pg. 84

3. An important difference between skeletal and cardiac muscle is that

ANS:  D

Only cardiac muscle has calcium channels on the cell surface for calcium entry into the cell. Drugs called calcium channel blockers are used to decrease calcium entry into cardiac cells to reduce contractile force in treating hypertension. CCBs also relax smooth muscle in arterial blood vessels to treat hypertension. Both cardiac and skeletal muscle are striated, and both cardiac depend upon actin-myosin cross-bridging for contraction. Calcium leaves the sarcoplasmic reticulum in both cardiac and skeletal muscle.

REF:   Pg. 88

4. The primary role of genes is to

ANS:  B

Protein synthesis holds a predominant place in understanding how genes direct cell structure and function. Although genes are involved in reproduction, differentiation, and apoptosis indirectly, the primary role of genes in the body is protein synthesis.

REF:   Pg. 77