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Chapter 5- Pharmacology and the Care of the Adult
Complete Chapter Questions With Answers
Sample Questions Are Posted Below
| 1. | An 80-year-old woman has sought care for a dermatological health problem that most often requires treatment with an oral corticosteroid. When considering whether to prescribe steroids to this patient, the care provider should prioritize which of the following questions? | |
| A) | “Should this patient receive a medication that was likely tested on younger adults?” | |
| B) | “Do the potential benefits of this medication outweigh the potential harm?” | |
| C) | “Are there plausible herbal or complementary alternatives to this medication?” | |
| D) | “Is there a younger adult who can oversee this patient’s medication regimen?” | |
| Ans: | B | |
| Feedback: | ||
| The nurse and the prescriber must carefully consider the risk of associated adverse effects of those medications as well as possible benefits these medications might have in changing physiological processes related to disease. This consideration is a priority over the specifics of the drug’s original testing procedure or the presence of herbal alternatives. Not every older adult requires another person to oversee his or her medications. | ||
| 2. | A nurse is teaching an 81-year-old man about the risk for potential adverse effects before he begins a course of antibiotics for an upper respiratory infection. What characteristic of older adults predisposes them to adverse drug reaction? | |
| A) | Increased excretion time due to increased bowel motility | |
| B) | Impaired distribution due to polypharmacy | |
| C) | A decrease in overall body surface area | |
| D) | A decrease in the number of receptors needed for distribution | |
| Ans: | D | |
| Feedback: | ||
| Older adults are prone to adverse drug reactions because of a decrease in the number of receptors needed for drug distribution. BSA does not change appreciably with age and bowel motility slows with age. Polypharmacy is a valid concern, but this phenomenon does not primarily involve distribution. | ||
| 3. | A nurse is conducting a medication reconciliation of a woman who is newly admitted to a long-term care facility. When appraising the woman’s medication regimen in light of the Beers Criteria, the nurse will look for | |
| A) | drugs that are known to cause adverse effects in older adults. | |
| B) | drugs for which generic equivalents are available at lower cost. | |
| C) | drugs that have been found to be ineffective in older adults. | |
| D) | drugs that are known to exacerbate the aging process. | |
| Ans: | A | |
| Feedback: | ||
| Dr. Mark Beers developed the Beers Criteria list of potentially inappropriate medications used by the older adult population. The list confirms that toxic medication effects and drug-related problems affect the safety of older adults and names drugs that cause problems in this population. | ||
| 4. | A nurse has noted that an older adult patient on an acute care for elders (ACE) unit has an exceptionally lengthy medication administration record. The nurse has alerted the pharmacist because one of the patient’s long-standing medications appears on the Beers list. What medication is the nurse likely addressing? | |
| A) | Low-dose enteric-coated ASA | |
| B) | Metoprolol (Lopressor) | |
| C) | Digoxin (Lanoxin) | |
| D) | Vitamin D | |
| Ans: | C | |
| Feedback: | ||
| Digoxin appears on the list of Beers Criteria due to the risk of adverse effects in older adults. ASA, metoprolol, and vitamin D do not appear on this list. | ||
| 5. | A nurse has called an elderly patient’s surgeon to question the order for meperidine hydrochloride (Demerol) for pain control. The nurse’s action is prompted by the possibility of what adverse effect associated with the use of Demerol in older adults? | |
| A) | Confusion | |
| B) | Blood dyscrasias | |
| C) | Gastrointestinal bleeding | |
| D) | Hepatotoxicity | |
| Ans: | A | |
| Feedback: | ||
| Demerol is associated with confusion in older adults. It is not noted to cause blood dyscrasias, GI bleeding, or hepatotoxicity. | ||
Original price was: $30.00.$20.00Current price is: $20.00.
Original price was: $30.00.$20.00Current price is: $20.00.
Original price was: $30.00.$20.00Current price is: $20.00.
Original price was: $30.00.$20.00Current price is: $20.00.
Original price was: $30.00.$20.00Current price is: $20.00.
Original price was: $30.00.$20.00Current price is: $20.00.