Chapter 5: Theories and Therapies

Chapter 5: Theories and Therapies

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. A male client who has a diagnosis of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is seen in the emergency room with complaints of chest pain, shortness of breath, and inability to concentrate, along with feelings of overwhelming anxiety. The nurse uses Maslow’s theory to triage the client’s complaints, knowing that which complaint must be addressed first?

ANS:  B

According to Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, the nurse first must address shortness of breath, followed by chest pain, then feelings of overwhelming anxiety and inability to concentrate. Even though, based on his diagnostic history, this client may be having a panic attack; the nurse cannot ignore basic needs that are not being met first.

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Application           REF:   p. 46               OBJ:   4

TOP:   Humanistic Theories and Therapies

KEY:  Nursing Process Step: Implementation

MSC:  Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity

2. According to Freud’s theory, a baby who is crying in response to wanting to be held by his mother is an example of which part of the personality’s control over behavior?

ANS:  A

According to Freud, the id is the pleasure center of the brain that seeks immediate pleasure or avoids pain, without regard for possible outcomes. The ego is reality based and has more control than the id; the superego is not developed in early childhood because it includes a conscience. Self-control is not a component of Freud’s theory of personality.

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Application           REF:   p. 40               OBJ:   2

TOP:   Psychoanalytical Theories                KEY:  Nursing Process Step: Assessment

MSC:  Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity

3. According to the theorist Erik Erikson, an individual strives to actualize his identity, is most productive, and demonstrates guidance of and concern for others with a core task of caring during which stage of psychosocial development?

ANS:  C

The characteristics of striving to actualize identity, being most productive, and demonstrating guidance of and concern for others, according to Erikson, are seen during middle adulthood. Individuals who do not achieve the core task of caring become stagnant, self-indulgent, and absorbed in themselves. The core task of young adulthood is love; the core task of maturity is wisdom; and the core task of puberty is fidelity.

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Comprehension     REF:   p. 43               OBJ:   3

TOP:   Developmental Theories and Therapies

KEY:  Nursing Process Step: Assessment   MSC:  Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance

4. During a therapy session, a client is asked to respond to a word with the first word or phrase that comes to mind. What term is commonly used to refer to this technique?

ANS:  C

Free association is a technique that is used to interpret the real meaning behind word association. Dream analysis is a technique that is used to interpret the meaning of an individual’s dreams as they relate to their unconscious conflicts. Psychoanalysis is the form of therapy developed by Freud, and transference relationship is the technique used during therapy when the client transfers to the therapist emotions associated with significant people in his life.

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Knowledge            REF:   p. 42               OBJ:   2

TOP:   Psychoanalytical Therapies              KEY:  Nursing Process Step: Assessment

MSC:   Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity