Chapter 5: Theories of Nursing Practice

Chapter 5: Theories of Nursing Practice

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. Which nursing theorist’s theory might the nurse use as a conceptual framework to determine how best to meet the needs of immigrants while ensuring provision of high-quality and culturally sensitive care?

ANS:   D

Choice (D) is correct because Madeline Leininger proposed the Theory of Cultural Care Diversity and Universality. This theory of transcultural nursing comprises concepts involving caring and the components of a cultural care theory: diversity, universality, worldview, and ethnohistory. (A) is incorrect because Martha Rogers’ theory is based on the nurse’s promoting synchronicity between human beings and the universe/environment. (B) is incorrect because Dorothy Orem’s Self-Care Model facilitates client self-care by measuring the client’s deficit relative to self-care needs. (C) is incorrect because Hildegard Peplau’s theory identifies feelings of the patient as a predictor of positive outcomes related to health and wellness.

DIF:    Application     REF:    Page 95

2. When reading Peplau’s theory, the nurse was unable to determine the relationships among concepts. The nurse listed each concept and drew lines denoting relationships to enable him to understand the effect of each element. The nurse created a(n)

ANS:   B

(B) is correct because a model is a group of concepts that are associated because of their relevance to a common theme. (A) is incorrect because a hypothesis asks the question that is to be the main focus of a theory. (C) is incorrect because a construct is similar to a concept; it is an idea or an object that can be “built” together with others into a theory. (D) is incorrect because a variable is an object, event, or person that has an impact on a theory.

DIF:    Application     REF:    Page 89

3. The statement, “Nursing is a caring profession that focuses on assisting people to be as healthy as possible,” is an example of a

ANS:   C

(C) is correct because a philosophy is the values and beliefs of the discipline.

(A) is incorrect because a concept consists of labels given to ideas, objects, and events; it is a summary of thoughts or a way to categorize thoughts or ideas. (B) is incorrect because a construct is a building part that combines with others to make up a theory. (D) is incorrect because a model is a group of concepts that are associated because of their relevance to a common theme.

DIF:    Comprehension                                  REF:    Page 90

4. Einstein’s Theory of Relativity laid the groundwork for theories of mathematics, and Freud and Jung provided the basis for the philosophy of man. Which nursing theory served as the foundation for nursing science?

ANS:   B

(B) is correct because Florence Nightingale investigated the impact of the environment on healing, and this serves as the foundation for nursing science. (A) is incorrect because Rogers in 1970 proposed the Science of Unitary Human Beings. (C) is incorrect because Watson’s Model of Human Caring is a holistic outlook, proposed in 1978, that addresses the impact and importance of altruism, sensitivity, trust, and interpersonal skills. (D) is incorrect because King’s Theory of Goal Attainment, proposed in 1971, addresses client systems and includes society, groups, and the individual.

DIF:    Comprehension                                  REF:    Page 91

5. A community health nurse has been visiting a postpartum client who has suffered domestic violence throughout the pregnancy, and now the infant may be at risk. The nurse assisted the client in finding shelter and legal protection. The nurse’s role and the conceptual framework involved are

ANS:   A

(A) is correct because in Roy’s Adaptation Model, when the client incurs an insult that renders him or her in need of environmental modification, the nurse will be the change agent in assisting the individual with this adaptation. (B) is incorrect because the role of translator is not needed, and Leininger’s Transcultural Nursing theory focuses on diversity, universality, worldview, and ethnohistory, none of which is needed in this situation. (C) is incorrect because Peplau’s Interpersonal Relationships Model explores the interpersonal relationship between the nurse and the client and identifies the client’s feelings as a predictor of positive outcomes related to health and wellness. This theory is not as pertinent in this acute situation. (D) is incorrect because Rogers’ Science of Unitary Human Beings theory is one in which the nurse promotes synchronicity between human beings and their environment; it is not appropriate to this acute situation.

DIF:    Application     REF:    Page 97