Chapter 50 Pharmacology For Nurses A Pathophysiologic Approach 5th Edition

Chapter 50 Pharmacology For Nurses A Pathophysiologic Approach 5th Edition

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

Question 1

Type: MCMA

The client asks the nurse how glaucoma develops. What is the best response by the nurse?

Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.

Standard Text: Select all that apply.

1. “Having diabetes is a risk factor in the development of glaucoma.”
2. “Glaucoma exists when the pressure in your eye is high enough to cause optic nerve damage.”
3. “High blood pressure can certainly lead to the development of glaucoma.”
4. “Having blue eyes is a risk factor in the development of glaucoma.”
5. “Drugs like antihistamines and antidepressants can contribute to glaucoma.”

Correct Answer: 1,2,3,5

Rationale 1: Having diabetes mellitus is a risk factor for glaucoma.

Rationale 2: Glaucoma occurs when the pressure in the eye is high enough to cause optic nerve damage.

Rationale 3: High blood pressure can lead to the development of glaucoma.

Rationale 4: Blue eyes are not a risk factor for the development of glaucoma.

Rationale 5: Medications like antihistamines and antidepressants can cause glaucoma.

Global Rationale: Having diabetes mellitus is a risk factor for glaucoma. Glaucoma occurs when the pressure in the eye is high enough to cause optic nerve damage. High blood pressure can lead to the development of glaucoma. Medications like antihistamines and antidepressants can cause glaucoma. Blue eyes are not a risk factor for the development of glaucoma.

 

Cognitive Level: Applying

Client Need: Physiological Integrity

Client Need Sub: Physiological Adaptation

QSEN Competencies: III.A.1 Demonstrate knowledge of basic scientific methods and processes.

AACN Essentials Competencies: III.1 Explain the interrelationships among theory, practice, and research.

NLN Competencies: Knowledge and Science: Integration of knowledge from nursing and other disciplines.

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation

Learning Outcome: 50-2 Compare and contrast open-angle and closed-angle glaucoma.

MNL Learning Outcome: 12.2.1 Examine etiology, pathophysiology, and clinical manifestations.

Page Number: 871

 

Question 2

Type: MCMA

Which statements would the nurse interpret as indicating that the client understands the diagnosis of open-angle glaucoma?

Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.

Standard Text: Select all that apply.

1. “My eye cannot drain the fluid that it produces.”
2. “One of the first signs of this is pain behind my eyes.”
3. “My type of glaucoma is a medical emergency.”
4. “This is a gradual process; it may take years to develop.”
5. “This is the most common kind of glaucoma.”

Correct Answer: 1,4,5

Rationale 1: In cases of open-angle glaucoma, the cause for the high pressure is an imbalance in the production and drainage of fluid in the eye (aqueous humor).

Rationale 2: With open-angle glaucoma, the person will have no warning sign or hint that anything is wrong.

Rationale 3: Closed-angle glaucoma, not open-angle glaucoma, is a medical emergency.

Rationale 4: Open-angle glaucoma often takes years to develop.

Rationale 5: Open-angle glaucoma is the most common type of glaucoma.

Global Rationale: In cases of open-angle glaucoma, the cause for the high pressure is an imbalance in the production and drainage of fluid in the eye (aqueous humor). Open-angle glaucoma often takes years to develop. Open-angle glaucoma is the most common type of glaucoma. Closed-angle glaucoma, not open-angle glaucoma, is a medical emergency. With open-angle glaucoma, the person will have no warning sign or hint that anything is wrong.

 

Cognitive Level: Applying

Client Need: Physiological Integrity

Client Need Sub: Physiological Adaptation

QSEN Competencies: III.A.1 Demonstrate knowledge of basic scientific methods and processes.

AACN Essentials Competencies: III.1 Explain the interrelationships among theory, practice, and research.

NLN Competencies: Knowledge and Science: Integration of knowledge from nursing and other disciplines.

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation

Learning Outcome: 50-2 Compare and contrast open-angle and closed-angle glaucoma.

MNL Learning Outcome: 12.2.1 Examine etiology, pathophysiology, and clinical manifestations.

Page Number: 872

 

Question 3

Type: MCSA

The client is scheduled for an eye exam. Prior to the exam, the physician will put a cycloplegic drug, atropine sulfate (Isopto Atropine), eyedrops in the client’s eyes. What will the nurse teach the client about these eyedrops?

1. The drugs will dilate the pupil and lubricate the eye to provide additional comfort during the examination.
2. The drops will paralyze the muscles that move the eye so that examination can take place.
3. The drops will dilate the pupil so that the physician can better visualize the retina during examination.
4. The drops dilate the pupil and paralyze the ciliary muscle to prevent the lens from moving during examination.

Correct Answer: 4

Rationale 1: Cycloplegic eyedrops dilate the pupil and paralyze the ciliary muscle; they do not lubricate the eye.

Rationale 2: The drops do not prevent eye movement.

Rationale 3: This is only a partial explanation of the effects of these drops.

Rationale 4: Cycloplegic eyedrops dilate the pupil and paralyze the ciliary muscle. This allows visualization during the exam and also keeps the lens from moving.

Global Rationale: Cycloplegic eyedrops dilate the pupil and paralyze the ciliary muscle. This allows visualization during the exam and also keeps the lens from moving. They do not lubricate the eye or keep the eye from moving.

 

Cognitive Level: Applying

Client Need: Physiological Integrity

Client Need Sub: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies

QSEN Competencies: III.A.1 Demonstrate knowledge of basic scientific methods and processes.

AACN Essentials Competencies: III.1 Explain the interrelationships among theory, practice, and research.

NLN Competencies: Knowledge and Science: Relationships between knowledge/science and quality and safe nursing care.

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation

Learning Outcome: 50-5 Identify drugs that dilate or constrict pupils, relax ciliary muscles, constrict ocular blood vessels, or moisten eye membranes.

MNL Learning Outcome: 12.2.3 Compare the classes of medications used in pharmacologic management: Other Eye Disorders.

Page Number: 877

 

Question 4

Type: MCSA

The client tells the nurse that when he uses his timolol (Timoptic) eyedrops, they sting his eyes. What is the best response by the nurse?

1. “Hold the next dose and contact your physician.”
2. “This is a normal and expected effect of the drops.”
3. “Your eyedrops may have expired; check the date.”
4. “You should wash your eyes immediately with saline.”

Correct Answer: 2

Rationale 1: The physician does not need to be contacted; stinging is a normal effect of the eyedrops.

Rationale 2: It is normal for eyedrops to cause stinging when used.

Rationale 3: The drops should cause stinging; it means they have not expired.

Rationale 4: Washing the eye with saline will dilute the eyedrops; this is not recommended.

Global Rationale: It is normal for eyedrops to cause stinging when used. The physician does not need to be contacted; stinging is a normal effect of the eyedrops. The drops should cause stinging; it means they have not expired. Washing the eye with saline will dilute the eyedrops; this is not recommended.

 

Cognitive Level: Applying

Client Need: Physiological Integrity

Client Need Sub: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies

QSEN Competencies: III.A.1 Demonstrate knowledge of basic scientific methods and processes.

AACN Essentials Competencies: III.1 Explain the interrelationships among theory, practice, and research.

NLN Competencies: Knowledge and Science: Integration of knowledge from nursing and other disciplines.

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Assessment

Learning Outcome: 50-4 Identify drug classes for treating glaucoma and explain their basic actions and adverse effects.

MNL Learning Outcome: 12.2.2 Compare the classes of medications used in pharmacologic management: Glaucoma.

Page Number: 873