Lehne's Pharmacology for Nursing Care 9th Edition by Jacqueline Burchum
Lehne's Pharmacology for Nursing Care 9th Edition by Jacqueline Burchum
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Chapter 50: Prophylaxis of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease: Drugs That Help Normalize Cholesterol and Triglyceride Levels
Complete Chapter Questions With Answers
Sample Questions Are Posted Below
MULTIPLE CHOICE
| a. | “Ask your provider about taking an immediate-release form of the medication.” |
| b. | “Ask your provider about assessing your serum uric acid levels which may be elevated.” |
| c. | “You should stop taking the Niacin immediately since this is a serious adverse effect.” |
| d. | “You should take 325 mg of aspirin a half hour before each dose of Niacin to prevent this effect.” |
ANS: D
Intense flushing of the face, neck, and ears occurs in practically all patients taking nicotinic acid in pharmacologic doses. Patients should be advised to take 325 mg of ASA 30 minutes prior to each dose to minimize this effect or to use an extended-release form of the drug. Serum uric acid levels may increase with Niacin use, but flushing does not indicate elevated levels. This side effect is not serious and does not warrant discontinuation of the drug.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Analysis REF: p. 572
TOP: Nursing Process: Evaluation
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiologic Integrity: Pharmacologic and Parenteral Therapies
| a. | Elevated cholesterol |
| b. | Elevated high-density lipoprotein |
| c. | Elevated low-density lipoprotein |
| d. | Elevated very-low-density lipoprotein |
ANS: C
Elevated LDL levels make the greatest contribution to coronary atherosclerosis with the probability of developing coronary heart disease (CHD) directly related to the LDL level in the blood. Total cholesterol levels do not have the same direct link. HDL levels cause increased risk when they are low. The relation between elevated very-low-density lipoprotein levels and CHD is not clear.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: pp. 557-558
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiologic Integrity: Physiologic Adaptation
| a. | nausea. |
| b. | tiredness. |
| c. | muscle pain. |
| d. | headache. |
ANS: C
Statins can injure muscle tissue, causing muscle aches and pain known as myopathy/rhabdomyolysis. Daptomycin also can cause myopathy and therefore should be used with caution in patients concurrently taking simvastatin. Nausea, tiredness, and headache would not cause the nurse as much concern as the likelihood of myopathy.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Analysis REF: p. 569
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiologic Integrity: Reduction of Risk Potential
| a. | “It will take 6 months to see a change.” |
| b. | “A reduction usually is seen within 2 weeks.” |
| c. | “Blood levels normalize immediately after the drug is started.” |
| d. | “Cholesterol will not be affected, but triglycerides will fall within the first week.” |
ANS: B
Reductions in LDL cholesterol are significant within 2 weeks and maximal within 4 to 6 weeks. It does not take 6 months to see a change. The blood level of LDL cholesterol is not reduced immediately upon starting the drug; a reduction is seen within 2 weeks. Blood cholesterol is affected, specifically LDL cholesterol, not triglycerides.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: pp. 566-567
TOP: Nursing Process: Planning
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Health Promotion and Maintenance
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