Chapter 51: Breast Disorders

Chapter 51: Breast Disorders

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

MULTIPLE CHOICE

 

1. The nurse teaching a young women’s community service group about breast self-examination (BSE) will include that

a.	BSE will reduce the risk of dying from breast cancer.
b.	BSE should be done daily while taking a bath or shower.
c.	annual mammograms should be scheduled in addition to BSE.
d.	performing BSE after the menstrual period is more comfortable.

 

 

ANS:  D

Performing BSE at the end of the menstrual period will reduce the breast tenderness associated with the procedure. The evidence is not clear that BSE reduces mortality from breast cancer. BSE should be done monthly. Annual mammograms are not routinely scheduled for women younger than age 40 years, and newer guidelines suggest delaying them until age 50.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Apply (application)           REF:               1205

TOP:   Nursing Process: Implementation     MSC:  NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance

 

2. During a well-woman physical examination, a 43-yr-old patient asks about her risk for breast cancer. Which question is most pertinent for the nurse to ask?

a.	“Do you currently smoke tobacco?”
b.	“Have you ever had a breast injury?”
c.	“At what age did you start having menstrual periods?”
d.	“Is there a family history of fibrocystic breast changes?”

 

 

ANS:  C

Early menarche and late menopause are risk factors for breast cancer because of the prolonged exposure to estrogen that occurs. Cigarette smoking, breast trauma, and fibrocystic breast changes are not associated with increased breast cancer risk.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Apply (application)           REF:               1209

TOP:   Nursing Process: Assessment           MSC:  NCLEX: Physiological Integrity

 

3. A 51-yr-old patient with a small immobile breast lump is considering having a fine-needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy. The nurse explains that an advantage to this procedure is that

a.	FNA is done in the outpatient clinic, and results are available in 1 to 2 days.
b.	only a small incision is needed, resulting in minimal breast pain and scarring.
c.	if the biopsy results are negative, no further diagnostic testing will be needed.
d.	FNA is guided by a mammogram, ensuring that cells are taken from the lesion.

 

 

ANS:  A

FNA is done in outpatient settings, and results are available in 24 to 48 hours. No incision is needed. FNA may be guided by ultrasound but not by mammogram. Because the immobility of the breast lump suggests cancer, further testing will be done if the FNA results are negative.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Apply (application)           REF:               1206

TOP:   Nursing Process: Implementation     MSC:  NCLEX: Physiological Integrity

 

4. Which assessment finding in a 36-yr-old patient is most indicative of a need for further evaluation?

a.	Bilateral breast nodules that are tender with palpation
b.	A breast nodule that is 1 cm in size, nontender, and fixed
c.	A breast lump that increases in size before the menstrual period
d.	A breast lump that is small, mobile, with a rubbery consistency

 

 

ANS:  B

Painless and fixed lumps suggest breast cancer. The other findings are more suggestive of benign processes such as fibrocystic breasts and fibroadenoma.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Apply (application)           REF:               1212

TOP:   Nursing Process: Assessment           MSC:  NCLEX: Physiological Integrity

 

5. A 53-yr-old woman who is experiencing menopause is discussing the use of hormone therapy (HT) with the nurse. Which information about the risk of breast cancer will the nurse provide?

a.	HT is a safe therapy for menopausal symptoms if there is no family history of BRCA genes.
b.	HT does not appear to increase the risk for breast cancer unless there are other risk factors.
c.	The patient and her health care provider must weigh the benefits of HT against the risks of breast cancer.
d.	Natural herbs are as effective as estrogen in relieving symptoms without increasing the risk of breast cancer.

 

 

ANS:  C

Because HT has been linked to increased risk for breast cancer, the patient and health care provider must determine whether or not to use HT. Breast cancer incidence is increased in women using HT, independent of other risk factors. HT increases the risk for both non–BRCA-associated cancer and BRCA-related cancers. Alternative therapies can be used but are not consistent in relieving menopausal symptoms.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Apply (application)           REF:               1217

TOP:   Nursing Process: Implementation     MSC:  NCLEX: Physiological Integrity