Porth's Pathophysiology, Concepts of Altered Health States 9th Edition by Sheila Grossman-Carol Mattson Porth
Porth's Pathophysiology, Concepts of Altered Health States 9th Edition by Sheila Grossman-Carol Mattson Porth
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Chapter 51- Structure and Function of the Male Genitourinary System
Complete Chapter Questions With Answers
Sample Questions Are Posted Below
| 1. | A couple who have three daughters would like to add a son to their family, and they have recently learned that the woman is pregnant. Which of the following phenomena would most likely be associated with the woman’s eventual delivery of a healthy son? | |
| A) | The production of dihydrotestosterone (DHT) by the embryo and DHT’s differentiation into testosterone | |
| B) | Development of testes under the influence of the X chromosome | |
| C) | Suppression of female reproductive structures by anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) | |
| D) | Atrophy of the Wolffian ducts during embryonic development | |
| Ans: | C | |
| Feedback: | ||
| AMH suppresses the development of female genital structures and is a normal aspect of normal sex differentiation. Testosterone is a precursor to DHT rather than vice versa, and testes develop under the influence of the Y chromosome. The Wolffian ducts are a component of male sex differentiation. | ||
| 2. | The nurse knows that if which of the following hormones listed below are not available during embryonic development, a male embryo with an XY chromosomal pattern may develop female external genitalia? Select all that apply. | |
| A) | Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) | |
| B) | Testosterone | |
| C) | Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) | |
| D) | Acrosome | |
| E) | Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) | |
| Ans: | B, C | |
| Feedback: | ||
| In the absence of testosterone (and DHT), a male embryo with an XY chromosomal pattern develops female external genitalia. AMH suppresses the Müllerian ducts and prevents development of the uterus and fallopian tubes in the male. Acrosome is the outside of the anterior two thirds of the head of a sperm. For spermatogenesis to occur, FSH binds to specific receptors in Sertoli cells. | ||
| 3. | A 68-year-old male has visited his family physician because the size of his scrotum has increased exponentially in recent months. He has subsequently been diagnosed with an inguinal hernia. Which of the following statements best captures the nature of his health problem? | |
| A) | Part of his intestine and parietal peritoneum are protruding through the inguinal opening. | |
| B) | Rupture of the tunica vaginalis has allowed a part of his small bowel to protrude into the intrascrotal space. | |
| C) | Incomplete closure of the inguinal opening during his development has contributed to testicular hypertrophy and hyperplasia. | |
| D) | Occlusion of the efferent ductules and epididymis causes massive dilation of the testes. | |
| Ans: | A | |
| Feedback: | ||
| An inguinal hernia is the protrusion of intestine and peritoneum into the scrotum through an incompletely sealed inguinal opening. The tunica vaginalis, occlusion of the duct system, nor testicular hypertrophy and hyperplasia contribute to the etiology. | ||
| 4. | The cremaster muscles work in concert with the pampiniform plexus that surrounds the testicular artery to | |
| A) | move the testes into the scrotum. | |
| B) | maintain testicular temperature. | |
| C) | empty fluid from the seminal vesicles into the genital ducts. | |
| D) | move sperm from the ampulla to the penis. | |
| Ans: | B | |
| Feedback: | ||
| The location of the testes in the scrotum is important for sperm production, which is optimal at 2°C to 3°C below body temperature. Two systems maintain the temperature of the testes at a level consistent with sperm production. One is the pampiniform plexus of testicular veins that surround the testicular artery. This plexus absorbs heat from the arterial blood, cooling it as it enters the testes. The other is the cremaster muscles. These muscles respond to decreases in testicular temperature by moving the testes closer to the body. | ||
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