Chapter 52: Nursing Management: Breast Disorders

Chapter 52: Nursing Management: Breast Disorders

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. When teaching a 28-year-old patient about breast self-examination (BSE), the nurse will
instruct the patient that
a. BSE will reduce the risk of dying from breast cancer.
b. BSE should be done daily while taking a bath or shower.
c. annual mammograms should be scheduled in addition to BSE.
d. performing BSE right after the menstrual period will improve comfort.
ANS: D
Performing BSE at the end of the menstrual period will reduce the breast tenderness
associated with the procedure. The evidence is not clear that BSE reduces breast cancer
mortality. BSE should be done monthly. Annual mammograms are not routinely
scheduled for women under age 40.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 1306-1308
TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance
2. To determine the risk for breast cancer in a 52-year-old patient who has found a small
lump in her breast, which question is most pertinent for the nurse to ask?
a. “Do you currently smoke cigarettes?”
b. “Have you ever had any breast injuries?”
c. “At what age did you start having menstrual periods?”
d. “Is there any family history of fibrocystic breast changes?”
ANS: C
Early menarche and late menopause are risk factors for breast cancer because of the
prolonged exposure to estrogen that occurs. Cigarette smoking, breast trauma, and
fibrocystic breast changes are not associated with increased breast cancer risk.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 1311
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity
3. A patient with a small immobile breast lump is advised to have a fine needle aspiration
(FNA) biopsy. The nurse explains that an advantage to this procedure is that
a. FNA is done in the outpatient clinic, and results are available in 1 to 2 days.
b. only a small incision is needed, resulting in minimal breast pain and scarring.
c. if the biopsy results are negative, no further diagnostic testing will be needed.
d. FNA is guided by a mammogram, ensuring that cells are taken from the lesion.
ANS: A
Test Bank 52-2
FNA is done in outpatient settings and results are available in 24 to 48 hours. No incision
is needed. FNA may be guided by ultrasound, but not by mammogram. Since the
immobility of the breast lump suggests cancer, further testing will be done if the FNA is
negative.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 1308
TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity
4. When the nurse is assessing the breasts of a 31-year-old, which finding is most indicative
of a need for further evaluation?
a. Bilateral nodules that are tender with palpation
b. A nodule that is 1 cm in size, painless, and fixed
c. A lump that increases in size before the menstrual period
d. A lump that is small, mobile, and has a rubbery consistency
ANS: B
Painless and fixed lumps suggest breast cancer. The other findings are more suggestive of
benign processes such as fibrocystic breasts and fibroadenoma.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 1309-1310
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity
5. A 51-year-old woman at menopause is considering the use of hormone replacement
therapy (HRT) but is concerned about the risk of breast cancer. Which information will
the nurse include when discussing HRT with the patient?
a. HRT does not appear to increase the risk for breast cancer unless there are other
risk factors.
b. HRT is a safe therapy for menopausal symptoms if there is no family history of
BRCA genes.
c. She and her health care provider must weigh the benefits of HRT against the
possible risks of breast cancer.
d. Alternative therapies with herbs and natural drugs are as effective as estrogen in
relieving menopausal symptoms.
ANS: C
Because HRT has been linked to increased risk for breast cancer, the patient and provider
must determine whether or not to use HRT. Breast cancer incidence is increased in
women using HRT, independent of other risk factors. HRT increases the risk for both
non–BRCA-associated cancer and BRCA-related cancers. Alternative therapies can be
used but are not consistent in relieving menopausal symptoms.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 1311
TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity