Pharmacology for Nursing Care, 7th Edition by Richard A. Lehne
Pharmacology for Nursing Care, 7th Edition by Richard A. Lehne
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Chapter 56: Drugs for Diabetes Mellitus
Complete Chapter Questions With Answers
Sample Questions Are Posted Below
| a. | The NPO patient with a blood glucose of 80 who just received 20 units of 70/30 Novolin insulin |
| b. | The patient with a pulse of 58 who is about to receive digoxin (Lanoxin) |
| c. | The patient with a blood pressure of 136/92 with complaints of a headache |
| d. | The patient with a mild allergy to penicillin who is receiving an infusion of cefazolin (Ancef) |
ANS: A
The NPO patient with hypoglycemia who just received 70/30 Novolin insulin takes priority, because this patient needs to consume a good source of glucose immediately, or perhaps the NPO status will be discontinued for this shift.
The digoxin may be withheld for the patient with a pulse of 58, but this is not a priority action.
The patient with a headache needs to be followed up, but because the blood pressure is 136/92, the headache is not life threatening.
The patient with the mild PCN allergy probably will not have a reaction to the cefazolin, because the PCN allergy is only mild. It is not a life-threatening situation if the nurse cannot immediately discontinue the cefazolin.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 666
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity: Reduction of Risk Potential
| a. | No insulin should be administered. |
| b. | NPH |
| c. | 70/30 mix |
| d. | Regular |
ANS: D
Regular insulin is indicated for sliding scale coverage.
Insulin is definitely indicated for this high blood sugar level.
NPH is used for scheduled insulin coverage and is a longer acting insulin.
A 70/30 mix is also used for scheduled insulin coverage.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 666
TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity: Reduction of Risk Potential
| a. | a blood glucose of 600. |
| b. | a blood glucose of 60. |
| c. | acidosis. |
| d. | ketones in the urine. |
ANS: B
A patient with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) has a high glucose level (at least 500 or higher), therefore a glucose level of 60 would not be consistent with DKA.
A blood glucose level of 600, acidosis, and ketones in the urine are consistent with DKA.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Analysis REF: pp. 681-682
TOP: Nursing Process: Evaluation
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity: Reduction of Risk Potential
| a. | evaluation for hyperglycemia, hypoglycemia, and ketoacidosis. |
| b. | cranial nerve testing for peripheral neuropathy. |
| c. | pedal pulse palpation for arterial insufficiency. |
| d. | auscultation of the carotids for bruits associated with atherosclerosis. |
ANS: A
High blood sugar, low blood sugar, and ketoacidosis are short-term complications of diabetes.
Microvascular and macrovascular complications, such as peripheral neuropathy, are long-term complications of diabetes.
Arterial insufficiency and atherosclerosis also are long-term complications of diabetes.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 658
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity: Reduction of Risk Potential
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