Chapter 57: Substance-Related and Addictive Disorders

Chapter 57: Substance-Related and Addictive Disorders

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. A patient has been diagnosed with alcoholism. A nurse tells him that he has a physical illness with a genetic predisposition to alcoholism, and the only effective treatment is total abstinence from alcohol. This type of approach characterizes which theory?

ANS:  A

The biologic approach is based on the theory that there is a faulty physiologic process that causes a predisposition to an addiction. This theory includes the belief that such an addition is incurable and only total abstinence will be effective.

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Comprehension     REF:   p. 1306           OBJ:   1

TOP:   Etiology and Risk Factors                KEY:  Nursing Process Step: Implementation

MSC:  NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Prevention and Early Detection of Disease

2. A nurse explains that according to the intrapersonal theory, addiction is caused by early childhood rejection. These substance abusers are thought to have common characteristics. What do these characteristics include?

ANS:  B

The intrapersonal theory identifies the common personality traits of self-centeredness, need for control, and attention seeking as parts of the addictive personality.

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Comprehension     REF:   p. 1307           OBJ:   1

TOP:   Etiology and Risk Factors                KEY:  Nursing Process Step: Implementation

MSC:  NCLEX: Psychosocial Integrity: Coping and Adaptation

3. During the taking of a medical history, a patient who is addicted to heroin reports he only uses the drug a few times a week. What is the nurse’s best response when trying to disclose more precise information?

ANS:  D

When trying to get a health history on a patient with a substance abuse problem, the best method is an open discussion of the drug use. The discussion should be open and nonjudgmental. By requesting a scale, the patient’s response will be more informative.

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Application           REF:   p. 1309           OBJ:   6

TOP:   Nursing Assessment of the Substance Abuser

KEY:  Nursing Process Step: Assessment

MSC:  NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation

4. A patient who is has alcoholism with a history of heavy drinking is brought to the inpatient psychiatric unit saying that he does not know where he is or what day it is. What should the nurse suspect he is exhibiting?

ANS:  C

Blackouts are common with heavy drinking over time. The patient data support that the memory loss is associated with the alcohol use and that blackouts would be an expected outcome.

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Comprehension     REF:   p. 1309           OBJ:   3

TOP:   Patterns and Consequences of Abuse

KEY:  Nursing Process Step: Assessment

MSC:  NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation

5. A nurse is discharging a patient with a pulmonary disorder to return home with her family. She has had a difficult time while in the hospital and has experienced withdrawal from tobacco. When the nurse tells her that community resources are available to help her to stop smoking, she says, “That’s OK. I can stop whenever I want to.” What does this exemplify?

ANS:  B

Denial is a common defense mechanism used by substance abusers.

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Application           REF:   p. 1309           OBJ:   3

TOP:   Defense Mechanisms                       KEY:  Nursing Process Step: Assessment

MSC:  NCLEX: Psychosocial Integrity: Coping and Adaptation