Chapter 6: Drug Interactions

Chapter 6: Drug Interactions

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

1. The nurse is providing education for a patient preparing for discharge. The patient is on multiple medications. The nurse cautions the patient to avoid eating grapefruit or drinking grapefruit juice. Which statement made by the patient indicates a need for further teaching?

ANS:   D

Monoamine oxidase inhibitors are not shown to have any interaction with grapefruit juice; therefore, further education is needed for this patient.

Calcium channel blockers should not be taken with grapefruit or grapefruit juice because of increased effects that may occur with the medication; no further education is required.

HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors should not be taken with grapefruit or grapefruit juice because of increased effects that may occur with medication; no further education is required.

Caffeine should not be taken with grapefruit or grapefruit juice because increased CNS stimulation may occur from the interaction; no further education is required.

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Application             REF:    p. 62

TOP:    Nursing Process: Evaluation

MSC:   NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity: Reduction of Risk Potential

2. The nurse is providing multiple medications to a patient whose spouse brings him grapefruit juice every morning. This concerns the nurse, because grapefruit juice has been shown to increase levels in which classes of drugs? (Select all that apply.)

ANS:   A, B

Calcium channel blockers and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors have been shown to reach increased and/or toxic levels when taken with grapefruit juice.

Aminoglycosides and beta blockers are not contraindicated with grapefruit juice.

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Application             REF:    p. 62

TOP:    Nursing Process: Assessment

MSC:   NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity: Reduction of Risk Potential

3. During a health history, a patient explains that she drinks grapefruit juice on a regular basis. The nurse understands that this can cause inhibition of drug metabolism that can last

ANS:   C

The inhibitory effects of grapefruit juice can last up to 3 days.

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Comprehension      REF:    p. 61

TOP:    Nursing Process: Diagnosis

MSC:   NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies

4. In a discussion of drug-drug interactions, which would be the best example of a beneficial inhibitory interaction?

ANS:   A

Naloxone is used when a narcotic overdose has occurred. As a narcotic antagonist, it provides a beneficial inhibitory interaction.

An antacid blocking tetracycline’s antibiotic effects would not be beneficial, but rather detrimental to the desired effects of the tetracycline.

Alcohol would not block the effects of opiates but would contribute to CNS depression.

Phenobarbital would not block the effects of phenytoin but would result in CNS depression.

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Application             REF:    p. 58

TOP:    Nursing Process: Implementation

MSC:   NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies