Chapter 69: Antihistamines

Chapter 69: Antihistamines

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

1. The nurse has administrated an H₁ antagonist to a 12-year-old patient who is now exhibiting paradoxical excitation. Which of the following signs and symptoms would assist the nurse in drawing this conclusion? (Select all that apply.)

a.	Insomnia
b.	Sedation
c.	Nervousness
d.	Tremors
e.	Dryness

 

 

ANS:   A, C, D

Paradoxical excitation is more common in children and may result in insomnia, nervousness, tremors, and even convulsions.

Sedation and fatigue would be more common in the elderly.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Analysis                  REF:    p. 824

TOP:    Nursing Process: Assessment

MSC:   NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies

 

2. The nurse, who is serving as a preceptor for a graduate nurse, frequently asks questions to assess the graduate nurse’s level of knowledge. The nurses are discussing the effects of H₁ versus H₂ receptors. The graduate nurse correctly states that the major response to the activation of H₂ receptors is

a.	nausea and vomiting.
b.	vasodilation of cutaneous vessels.
c.	functioning as an antagonist for H1.
d.	secretion of gastric acid.

 

 

ANS:   D

The major response to activation of H₂ receptors is secretion of gastric acid.

Nausea and vomiting are not responses to H₂ activation.

Vasodilation of cutaneous vessels is not a response to H₂ activation.

H₂ does not act as an antagonist for H_1.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Application             REF:    p. 822

TOP:    Nursing Process: Implementation

MSC:   NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation

 

3. The nurse is providing an educational activity on common over-the-counter medications to a group of school nurses. The nurse asks the group, “What finding would you most likely see in a child who was given a therapeutic dose of a first-generation antihistamine?”

a.	Hyperactivity
b.	Nausea and vomiting
c.	Sedation
d.	Rhinitis

 

 

ANS:   C

The first-generation antihistamines are highly sedating, and even at therapeutic doses may cause central nervous system (CNS) depression.

Hyperactivity may be seen with overdose or high levels of the medication in children.

Nausea and vomiting would not typically be seen after administration of an antihistamine.

Rhinitis should be diminished after administration of an antihistamine.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Application             REF:    p. 825

TOP:    Nursing Process: Assessment

MSC:   NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies

 

4. Two nursing students are discussing the indications for use of an H₁ blocker. One student quizzes the other by asking, “Which of the following patients would least likely benefit from the use of an H₁ blocker?” The other student would be correct to respond that the patient who would least likely benefit from an H₁ blocker would be a patient with

a.	a common cold.
b.	motion sickness.
c.	pruritus.
d.	rhinitis.

 

 

ANS:   A

Antihistamines are of practically no value against the common cold. They neither prevent colds nor shorten their duration.

Antihistamines are useful for treating allergic disorders, motion sickness, itching, and insomnia.

Antihistamines show a moderate reduction in rhinorrhea.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Application             REF:    p. 823

TOP:    Nursing Process: Assessment

MSC:   NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies