Chapter 8: Infectious Processes

Chapter 8: Infectious Processes

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. An infectious disease that is common in a community is termed
a. endemic.
b. epidemic.
c. pandemic.
d. partdemic.
ANS: A
An infectious disease that has a fairly constant presence in a community and changes little from year to year is classified as
endemic. An epidemic is a significant increase in new infections in a certain population. A pandemic is an epidemic that has spread
to a large geographic area, even worldwide. Partdemic is not a term that pertains to infectious diseases.
REF: Pg. 140
2. The term infectivity is defined as the ability to
a. cause disease.
b. spread.
c. cause very severe disease.
d. invade and multiply.
ANS: D
Infectivity is the ability to invade and multiply within a host. Pathogenicity is the ability of a pathogen to cause disease.
Communicability is the ability to spread. Virulence refers to the ability to cause very severe disease in all infected hosts.
REF: Pg. 141
3. The most common method of disease transmission is
a. airborne.
b. droplet.
c. vector.
d. inoculant.
ANS: B
The most common transmission occurs through the exchange of body fluids (droplet) from kissing or sexual intercourse. Airborne
transmission is not the most common method of disease transmission. Vector is not the most common method of disease
transmission. Inoculant transmission is not the most common method of disease transmission.
REF: Pg. 141
4. Immune function is likely to be most effective in a
a. newborn.
b. 7-month-old infant.
c. 30-year-old.
d. 70-year-old.
ANS: C
Immune function is most effective in middle life. Newborns have an immature immune system. In older infants, maternal IgG that
crossed the placenta at birth begins to fade over the first 6 months of life, and these babies are at greater risk for serious infection.
Immunity tends to decline in the elderly resulting in reduced antibody responses to new antigens. The very young and thevery old
are more susceptible to infection because of immature or degenerating immune functions.
REF: Pgs. 143-144
5. A characteristic of some bacteria is
a. intracellular parasite.
b. composed of RNA or DNA.
c. contains cell wall endotoxin.
d. cannot replicate extracellularly.
ANS: C
Some bacteria contain endotoxin in the cell wall. Viruses are intracellular parasites using host cell components to replicate; bacteria
do not use host cell components to replicate. Viruses are composed of RNA or DNA, as opposed to bacteria. Bacteria can replicate
extracellularly.
REF: Pg. 146