Porth's Pathophysiology, Concepts of Altered Health States 9th Edition by Sheila Grossman-Carol Mattson Porth
Porth's Pathophysiology, Concepts of Altered Health States 9th Edition by Sheila Grossman-Carol Mattson Porth
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Chapter 8- Neoplasia
Complete Chapter Questions With Answers
Sample Questions Are Posted Below
| 1. | Which of the following characteristics could apply to healthy somatic cells rather than cancerous cells? | |
| A) | A high rate of mutation exists in the cells. | |
| B) | The cells have a reduced tendency to cluster together. | |
| C) | They remain viable and multiply without attachments to other cells and the extracellular matrix. | |
| D) | The cells are unable to proliferate except by mitotic division. | |
| Ans: | D | |
| Feedback: | ||
| Mitotic division is the normal method of division that exists in the body. High rates of mutation, reduced adhesion, and loss of anchorage dependence are associated with cancer cells. | ||
| 2. | Following a biopsy, a 54-year-old man has been diagnosed as having a benign neoplastic tumor. Which of the following characteristics most likely applies to his tumor? | |
| A) | The tumor is poorly approximated and has the potential to break loose. | |
| B) | The tumor may secrete hormones or cytokines. | |
| C) | The well-differentiated, neoplastic cells are clustered together in a single mass. | |
| D) | It has a rapid rate of growth and can induce ischemia. | |
| Ans: | C | |
| Feedback: | ||
| Benign tumors are composed of well-differentiated, neoplastic cells that resemble the cells of the tissues of origin and are characterized by a slow, progressive rate of growth that may come to a standstill or regress. They tend to exist in a single mass. Malignant tumors tend to be poorly differentiated, grow rapidly, secrete hormones or cytokines, and have the potential to break loose. | ||
| 3. | A 77-year-old male client with a diagnosis of stomach cancer has been found to have metastases in his liver. The client and his family are surprised at this turn of events, stating that they do not see how he could have developed cancer in his liver. Which of the following facts would underlie the reply that the care team provides? | |
| A) | The parenchymal tissue of the liver is particularly susceptible to secondary malignancies. | |
| B) | The portal circulatory system brings venous blood from the GI tract into the liver. | |
| C) | Hepatic stromal tissue shares characteristics with cancerous cells, including lack of anchorage dependence. | |
| D) | The proximity of the liver to the stomach allows for direct spread of cancerous cells due to a lack of contact inhibition. | |
| Ans: | B | |
| Feedback: | ||
| Portal circulation brings venous blood into the portal vein of the liver, facilitating hematologic spread. The parenchyma of the liver possesses no particular susceptibility to cancer, and hepatic tissue does not share traits of cancerous cells such as low contact inhibition or a lack of anchorage dependence. | ||
| 4. | A 41-year-old female with a family history of breast cancer has had a baseline mammogram. She states that she performs monthly self-breast exams but really has a hard time evaluating her lumps since she has numerous cysts. At her annual mammogram, the technician views a suspicious area and refers her to the radiologist. She asks the nurse in the office, “How can a lump appear so quickly?” The nurse’s response is based on which of the following principles? | |
| A) | A tumor is undetectable until it has doubled 30 times and contains at least 1 billion cells. | |
| B) | Many tumor cells never leave the M-phase of the cell cycle. | |
| C) | Cancer cells are undifferentiated and come in various shapes and sizes. | |
| D) | If the breast has a lot of cysts, then the fluid within those sacs makes it difficult to feel the hard lumps of a cancer. | |
| Ans: | A | |
| Feedback: | ||
| The ratio of dividing cells to resting cells in a tissue mass is called the growth fraction. The doubling time is the length of time it takes for the total mass of cells in a tumor to double. Tumors do not stay in the M-phase of the cell cycle. Undifferentiated cancer cells do come in various shapes and sizes, but this has nothing to do with the detection of the tumor by palpation. Breast cysts are fluid-filled sacs but are usually not cancerous. | ||
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