Chapter 9: Complications of Infusion Therapy: Peripheral and Central Vascular Access Devices

Chapter 9: Complications of Infusion Therapy: Peripheral and Central Vascular Access Devices

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

Multiple Choice

Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

____ 1. A nurse is assisting in the placement of a client’s central venous catheter. The nurse is aware that the major complication that can occur during placement of a central venous access device is:

a.	phlebitis.
b.	infiltration.
c.	fibrin sheath formation.
d.	intravascular and extravascular malpositioning.

____ 2. A nurse is caring for a client who has a newly implanted port. For which complication, specifically associated with implanted ports, should the nurse observe?

a.	Air embolus
b.	Occlusion
c.	External catheter breakage
d.	Displacement of the septum

____ 3. A nurse is caring for a client who has lipid deposits occluding his or her central line. Which declotting agent should the nurse use to clear lipid deposits from a central line?

a.	70% ethanol
b.	Hydrochloric acid
c.	Sodium bicarbonate
d.	Alteplase (Activase)

____ 4. A client complains to a nurse that his or her I.V. site is “sore.” The nurse notes that the site is red and edematous, but there is no palpable cord or streak. Using the criteria for infusion phlebitis, what should the nurse document as the severity of this phlebitis?

a.	1+
b.	2+
c.	3+
d.	4+

____ 5. A nurse in an intensive care unit is caring for a client who has lipid deposits in her central line. Which agent should the nurse select to instill into the catheter in an attempt to dissolve the lipid deposits?

a.	Alteplase
b.	70% ethanol
c.	Sodium bicarbonate
d.	0.1% hydrochloric acid

Answer Section

MULTIPLE CHOICE

ANS: D

Central venous catheter tips can migrate during insertion; thus, both intravascular and extravascular malpositioning have been reported. Extravascular malpositioning can occur when the introducer slips out of the vein and the catheter is passed into the pleural space or the mediastinum. Intravascular malpositions are more common. The catheter may coil in the vessel and advance into the right atrium or one of the smaller venous tributaries.

Reference: Phillips, L. D., & Gorski, L. (2014). Complications of infusion therapy: Peripheral and central vascular access devices. In Manual of I.V. therapeutics: Evidence-based infusion therapy (6th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: F.A. Davis.