Chapter 9: Inflammation and Immunity

Chapter 9: Inflammation and Immunity

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Antigen-presenting cells function to
a. display foreign antigen on their cell surfaces bound to MHC.
b. stimulate cytokine production by macrophages.
c. phagocytose and degrade foreign antigens.
d. initiate the complement cascade by way of the alternative pathway.
ANS: A
Antigen-presenting cells function to display foreign antigen on their cell surfaces bound to MHC for T cell recognition.
Antigen-presenting cells do not stimulate cytokine production or initiate the complement cascade. They also do not phagocytose and
degrade foreign antigens, but instead present these to T cells for these functions.
REF: Pgs. 177-179
2. The “classical pathway” for activation of the complement cascade is triggered by
a. activation of C3.
b. inflammation.
c. first recognition of an antigen.
d. antigen-antibody complexes.
ANS: D
The classical pathway for activation of the complement cascade is triggered by the presence of IgG or IgM antigen-antibody
complexes. Activation of C3 initiates the alternative pathway. Inflammation does not initiate the classical pathway, but instead
inflammation is enhanced by the complement cascade. First recognition of an antigen initiates the lectin pathway or the alternative
pathway.
REF: Pg. 169
3. Proteins that are increased in the bloodstream during acute inflammation are called
a. membrane attack complexes.
b. selectin receptors.
c. acute phase proteins.
d. major histocompatibility complexes.
ANS: C
Acute phase proteins are produced in the liver during acute inflammation and circulate in the bloodstream. Two of the most
important acute phase proteins are C-reactive protein (CRP) and serum amyloid A. Membrane attack complexes are porelike
structures that function within the complement system. Selectin receptors are receptors on neutrophils that help neutrophils stick to
capillary endothelium. Major histocompatibility complexes are a cluster of genes on chromosome 6 involved in antigen
presentation.
REF: Pg. 176
4. The membrane attack complex formed by complement is similar in function to
a. CD4+.
b. granzymes.
c. gp120.
d. perforin.
ANS: D
The membrane attack complex functions in a similar manner to perforin. CD4+ do not function similar to the membrane attack
complex. Granzymes do not function similar to the membrane attack complex. gp120 does not function similar to the membrane
attack complex.
REF: Pg. 169 | Pg. 178
5. Which clinical finding is most indicative of an acute bacterial infection?
a. Increased (band) neutrophils.
b. Elevated temperature.
c. Elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate.
d. Elevated WBC count.
ANS: A
Neutrophils are early responders and most active in bacterial infections, and the number of neutrophil bands indicates the severity of
the infection. Elevated temperature can occur in infection caused by any organism. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate is
non-specific for the type of organism causing an infection. The total WBC count can increase in any infection. The specific type of
WBC that is elevated indicates the type of organism involved.