Chapter 98: Antiprotozoal Drugs II: Miscellaneous Agents

Chapter 98: Antiprotozoal Drugs II: Miscellaneous Agents

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

1. The nurse is caring for a patient with severe symptomatic intestinal amebiasis who has just completed a 10-day course of metronidazole (Flagyl). Which medication would the nurse expect to be ordered for the patient?

a.	Pentamidine (Pentam)
b.	Iodoquinol (Yodoxin)
c.	Atovaquone (Mepron)
d.	Nitazoxanide (Alinia)

 

 

ANS:   B

The metronidazole concentration in the stomach remains low, therefore some amoebas survive. Using iodoquinol as the subsequent drug achieves high concentrations, killing the remaining amoebas.

Pentamidine, atovaquone, and nitazoxanide are indicated for treatment of diseases other than amebiasis.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Application             REF:    p. 1159

TOP:    Nursing Process: Implementation

MSC:   NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies

 

2. A patient comes to the clinic for an appointment. The patient is to begin taking metronidazole (Flagyl) for a protozoal infection. The nurse provides patient education. What statements by the patient most indicate a need for further teaching? (Select all that apply.)

a.	“I may experience nausea, diarrhea, and headache.”
b.	“I should report numbness in my extremities.”
c.	“I may experience large amounts of dilute urine.”
d.	“I should expect the medication to cause sores appear in my mouth.”
e.	“I may experience a metallic taste in my mouth.”

 

 

ANS:   C, D

The patient should expect to have dark urine, not dilute (colorless) urine; further teaching is required. The medication does not cause sores to appear in the mouth.

The patient may indeed experience nausea, diarrhea, and headache; no further teaching is required.

Numbness in the extremities should be reported, because it may indicate neurologic effects; no further teaching is required.

A metallic taste in the mouth is an expected effect of metronidazole; no further teaching is required.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Analysis                  REF:    p. 1160

TOP:    Nursing Process: Implementation

MSC:   NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity; Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies

 

3. The nurse is caring for a patient who has tested positive for infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The patient has experienced several episodes of Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia and now requires prophylaxis to help prevent recurrence. The nurse would expect which medication to be the preferred treatment option?

a.	Pentamidine isethionate aerosol (NebuPent), one treatment every 4 weeks
b.	Pentamidine (Pentam 300), PO daily for 2 weeks
c.	Pentamidine intravenous (IV) injection once a week for a month
d.	Pneumococcal pneumonia vaccine

 

 

ANS:   A

The nurse should expect that the patient will be treated with pentamidine isethionate aerosol, one 300 mg treatment every 4 weeks, because this is the regimen for prophylaxis of P. jiroveci pneumonia.

Pentam 300 is injectable; it is not given PO.

IV injection of pentamidine is given daily for 2 to 3 weeks.

A pneumococcal vaccine is contraindicated for an immunocompromised patient.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Analysis                  REF:    p. 1161

TOP:    Nursing Process: Implementation

MSC:   NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity; Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies

 

4. The nurse is caring for a patient who has acquired a protozoal infestation. The nurse is preparing to administer parenteral pentamidine (Pentacarinat). The nurse should place the patient in the _____________ position to minimize _________.

a.	Trendelenburg; hypertensive crisis
b.	side-lying; injection discomfort
c.	supine; hypotension
d.	sitting; dizziness

 

 

ANS:   C

The patient should be lying supine during administration of the pentamidine infusion to minimize dizziness and hypotension.

The Trendelenburg position is not appropriate, and nothing indicates that the patient has hypertensive crisis.

The side-lying position will not minimize injection discomfort.

The sitting position is not appropriate; the patient should be supine.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Analysis                  REF:    p. 1161

TOP:    Nursing Process: Implementation

MSC:   NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity; Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies