Criminal Investigation 11th Edition By Hess - Test Bank

Criminal Investigation 11th Edition By Hess – Test Bank

 

Instant Download – Complete Test Bank With Answers

 

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

1. When evidence is no longer needed, it is:
   1. typically auctioned
   2. destroyed under all
   3. always returned to the
   4. auctioned off, returned to the owner, or

 

ANSWER:                            d

POINTS:                             1

REFERENCES:                   Processing Evidence: Maintaining the Chain of Custody from Discovery to Disposal

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:  CRIM.HESS.17.05.01 – Explain the requisite steps involved in processing physical evidence correctly, from its discovery to final disposition.

KEYWORDS:                       Bloom’s: Understand

 

2. Evidence disposal can occur:
   2. at any
   3. after approval is

 

ANSWER:                            d

POINTS:                             1

REFERENCES:                   Processing Evidence: Maintaining the Chain of Custody from Discovery to Disposal

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:  CRIM.HESS.17.05.01 – Explain the requisite steps involved in processing physical evidence correctly, from its discovery to final disposition.

KEYWORDS:                       Bloom’s: Understand

 

3. What type of evidence forms a substantive part of the case or has a legitimate and effective influence on the decision of the case?
   1. circumstantial
   2. material
   3. exculpatory
   4. in flagrante delicto

 

ANSWER:                            b

POINTS:                             1

REFERENCES:                   Definitions

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:  CRIM.HESS.17.05.01 – Explain the requisite steps involved in processing physical evidence correctly, from its discovery to final disposition.

KEYWORDS:                       Bloom’s: Understand

 

4. What type of evidence has been properly collected, identified, filed, and continuously secured?
   1. relevant
   2. competent
   3. material
   4. exculpatory

 

ANSWER:                            b

POINTS:                             1

REFERENCES:                   Definitions

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:  CRIM.HESS.17.05.01 – Explain the requisite steps involved in processing physical evidence correctly, from its discovery to final disposition.

KEYWORDS:                       Bloom’s: Understand

 

5. A way of folding paper so that evidence does not fall out is referred as a:
   1. druggist
   2. druggist
   3. dime
   4. doper

 

ANSWER:                            b

POINTS:                             1

REFERENCES:                   Processing Evidence: Maintaining the Chain of Custody from Discovery to Disposal

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:  CRIM.HESS.17.05.01 – Explain the requisite steps involved in processing physical evidence correctly, from its discovery to final disposition.

KEYWORDS:                       Bloom’s: Understand

 

6. The types of prints taken of persons with reason to be at the crime scene location are referred to as:
   1. illusionary
   2. expectoratory
   3. elimination
   4. illuminating

 

ANSWER:                            c

POINTS:                             1

REFERENCES:                   Frequently Examined Evidence

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:  CRIM.HESS.17.05.01 – Explain the requisite steps involved in processing physical evidence correctly, from its discovery to final disposition.

KEYWORDS:                       Bloom’s: Understand

 

7. Integrity of evidence refers to the requirement that any item introduced in court must be in the same condition as when it was found at the crime This is documented by the chain of evidence, also referred to as the
   1. missing
   2. chain of
   3. chain of
   4. integrity of

 

ANSWER:                            b

POINTS:                             1

REFERENCES:                   Crime Scene Integrity and Contamination of Evidence

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:  CRIM.HESS.17.05.01 – Explain the requisite steps involved in processing physical evidence correctly, from its discovery to final disposition.

KEYWORDS:                       Bloom’s: Understand

 

8. Ultraviolet light is good for finding:
   1. trace evidence such as semen or
   2. bullet
   3. paint or
   4. tire

 

ANSWER:                            a

POINTS:                             1

REFERENCES:                   Processing Evidence: Maintaining the Chain of Custody from Discovery to Disposal

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:  CRIM.HESS.17.05.01 – Explain the requisite steps involved in processing physical evidence correctly, from its discovery to final disposition.

KEYWORDS:                       Bloom’s: Understand

 

9. The number one mistake officers make in processing fingerprints with powder is:
   1. overprocessing
   2. misidentifying
   3. sneezing and destroying the
   4. selecting the wrong

 

ANSWER:                            a

POINTS:                             1

REFERENCES:                   Frequently Examined Evidence

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:  CRIM.HESS.17.05.02 – Identify the common errors in collecting evidence.

KEYWORDS:                       Bloom’s: Understand

 

10. When evidence is collected, an officer should record in his or her notes the:
    1. time the item was found and the
    2. time and date the item was
    3. time, date, and location the item was
    4. time, date, and location the item was found; the individual who found it; the case number; a description of the item; and who took it into

 

ANSWER:                            d

POINTS:                             1

REFERENCES:                   Processing Evidence: Maintaining the Chain of Custody from Discovery to Disposal

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:  CRIM.HESS.17.05.03 – Understand the criteria required to ensure admissibility of evidence in court.

KEYWORDS:                       Bloom’s: Understand

 

11. AFIS stands for:
    1. automated fingerprint issuing
    2. automatic fingerprint intake
    3. automatic fiber identification
    4. automated fingerprint identification

 

ANSWER:                            d

POINTS:                             1

REFERENCES:                   Frequently Examined Evidence

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:  CRIM.HESS.17.05.03 – Understand the criteria required to ensure admissibility of evidence in court.

KEYWORDS:                       Bloom’s: Understand

 

12. Laboratory examination of ____ under a scanning electron microscope (SEM) is still considered a reliable analysis method, although enhancements in technology have been
    1. gunshot residue (GSR)
    2. DNA
    3. fingerprints
    4. retinal scans

 

ANSWER:                            a

POINTS:                             1

REFERENCES:                   Frequently Examined Evidence

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:  CRIM.HESS.17.05.03 – Understand the criteria required to ensure admissibility of evidence in court.

KEYWORDS:                       Bloom’s: Understand

 

13. What evidence can indicate whether a person is running, lost, or carrying something heavy?
    1. fingerprints
    2. DNA
    3. shoeprints
    4. blood spatter

 

ANSWER:                            c

POINTS:                             1

REFERENCES:                   Frequently Examined Evidence

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:  CRIM.HESS.17.05.04 – List the types of evidence most commonly found in criminal investigations.

KEYWORDS:                       Bloom’s: Understand

 

14. In the examination of objects of physical evidence, class characteristics are important because they can:
    1. place an item into a specific
    2. distinguish one item from
    3. be used to trace the item to its
    4. define how the object was used by an

 

ANSWER:                            a

POINTS:                             1

REFERENCES:                   Frequently Examined Evidence

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:  CRIM.HESS.17.05.04 – List the types of evidence most commonly found in criminal investigations.

KEYWORDS:                       Bloom’s: Understand

 

15. The size and shape of chips and wear patterns in the blade of a screwdriver are
    1. individual
    2. group
    3. class
    4. unidentifiable

 

ANSWER:                            a

POINTS:                             1

REFERENCES:                   Frequently Examined Evidence

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:  CRIM.HESS.17.05.04 – List the types of evidence most commonly found in criminal investigations.

KEYWORDS:                       Bloom’s: Understand

 

16. A genetic fingerprint is obtained from a suspect’s:
    4. eye

 

ANSWER:                            b

POINTS:                             1

REFERENCES:                   Frequently Examined Evidence

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:  CRIM.HESS.17.05.04 – List the types of evidence most commonly found in criminal investigations.

KEYWORDS:                       Bloom’s: Understand

 

17. The most frequently located type of microscopic evidence is:
    1. skin
    3. saliva

 

ANSWER:                            d

POINTS:                             1

REFERENCES:                   Frequently Examined Evidence

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:  CRIM.HESS.17.05.04 – List the types of evidence most commonly found in criminal investigations.

KEYWORDS:                       Bloom’s: Understand

 

18. DNA profiling can be done using:
    1. blood
    2. fingerprints
    3. skin or hair cells
    4. cells from almost any part of the

 

ANSWER:                            d

POINTS:                             1

REFERENCES:                   Frequently Examined Evidence

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:  CRIM.HESS.17.05.05 – Compare and contrast the determinations that can and cannot be made from fingerprint, DNA, blood, and hair evidence.

KEYWORDS:                       Bloom’s: Understand

 

19. Hair analysis can reveal all but which of the following?
    1. which part of the body the hair came from
    2. the presence of drugs or poisons and consumer chemicals
    3. age and gender
    4. whether it belongs to an animal or human

 

ANSWER:                            c

POINTS:                             1

REFERENCES:                   Frequently Examined Evidence

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:  CRIM.HESS.17.05.05 – Compare and contrast the determinations that can and cannot be made from fingerprint, DNA, blood, and hair evidence.

KEYWORDS:                       Bloom’s: Understand

 

20. Powders, Magnabrush techniques, laser technology, gelatin lifters, and cyanoacrylate are all used to process which type of evidence?
    1. petechiae
    2. adipocere
    3. fingerprints
    4. cadavers

 

ANSWER:                            c

POINTS:                             1

REFERENCES:                   Frequently Examined Evidence

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:  CRIM.HESS.17.05.05 – Compare and contrast the determinations that can and cannot be made from fingerprint, DNA, blood, and hair evidence.

KEYWORDS:                       Bloom’s: Understand

 

21. DNA testing is expensive and takes a lot of Because of this, laboratories require that:
    1. samples be submitted for both the suspect and the
    2. sufficient material be
    3. the evidence be
    4. the evidence be properly

 

ANSWER:                            a

POINTS:                             1

REFERENCES:                   Frequently Examined Evidence

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:  CRIM.HESS.17.05.05 – Compare and contrast the determinations that can and cannot be made from fingerprint, DNA, blood, and hair evidence.

KEYWORDS:                       Bloom’s: Understand

 

22. Fingerprints indicate:

 

ANSWER:                            d

POINTS:                             1

REFERENCES:                   Frequently Examined Evidence

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:  CRIM.HESS.17.05.05 – Compare and contrast the determinations that can and cannot be made from fingerprint, DNA, blood, and hair evidence.

KEYWORDS:                       Bloom’s: Understand

 

23. Which term refers to the spiral pattern cut down the length of a firearm’s barrel?
    1. rifling
    2. bore
    3. lands
    4. caliber markings

 

ANSWER:                            a

POINTS:                             1

REFERENCES:                   Frequently Examined Evidence

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:  CRIM.HESS.17.05.06 – Describe special collection and processing considerations for the following types of evidence: shoe and tire prints and impressions, tools and tool marks, firearms and ammunition, glass, soils and minerals, safe insulation, ropes, strings, tapes, drugs, documents, laundry and dry-cleaning marks, paint, and skeletal remains.

KEYWORDS:                       Bloom’s: Understand

 

24. This type of fingerprint, which is not readily visible, consists of impressions of the ridges of the fingers, transferred to other surfaces by sweat on the ridges of the fingers or because the fingers carry residue of oil, blood, dirt, or another These prints are referred to as:
    1. ten-print
    2. latent
    3. ID-match
    4. comparison

 

ANSWER:                            b

POINTS:                             1

REFERENCES:                   Frequently Examined Evidence

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:  CRIM.HESS.17.05.06 – Describe special collection and processing considerations for the following types of evidence: shoe and tire prints and impressions, tools and tool marks, firearms and ammunition, glass, soils and minerals, safe insulation, ropes, strings, tapes, drugs, documents, laundry and dry-cleaning marks, paint, and skeletal remains.

KEYWORDS:                       Bloom’s: Understand

 

25. Which technique is recommended for developing latent fingerprints on unpainted wood, paper, cardboard, or other absorbent surfaces?
    1. iodine fuming
    2. sakaguchi method
    3. powders
    4. thermal potassium

 

ANSWER:                            a

POINTS:                             1

REFERENCES:                   Frequently Examined Evidence

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:  CRIM.HESS.17.05.06 – Describe special collection and processing considerations for the following types of evidence: shoe and tire prints and impressions, tools and tool marks, firearms and ammunition, glass, soils and minerals, safe insulation, ropes, strings, tapes, drugs, documents, laundry and dry-cleaning marks, paint, and skeletal remains.

KEYWORDS:                       Bloom’s: Understand

 

26. Evidence must be legally disposed of to prevent major storage
    1. True
    2. False

 

ANSWER:                            True

POINTS:                             1

REFERENCES:                   Processing Evidence: Maintaining the Chain of Custody from Discovery to Disposal

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:  CRIM.HESS.17.05.01 – Explain the requisite steps involved in processing physical evidence correctly, from its discovery to final disposition.

KEYWORDS:                       Bloom’s: Understand

 

27. A mobile crime lab is usually a commercially customized office that provides compartments to hold equipment and countertops for processing
    1. True
    2. False

 

ANSWER:                            True

POINTS:                             1

REFERENCES:                   Investigative Equipment

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:  CRIM.HESS.17.05.01 – Explain the requisite steps involved in processing physical evidence correctly, from its discovery to final disposition.

KEYWORDS:                       Bloom’s: Understand

 

28. Locard’s exchange principle states that a criminal always removes something from the crime scene or leaves behind incriminating
    1. True
    2. False

 

ANSWER:                            True

POINTS:                             1

REFERENCES:                   Crime Scene Integrity and Contamination of Evidence

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:  CRIM.HESS.17.05.01 – Explain the requisite steps involved in processing physical evidence correctly, from its discovery to final disposition.

KEYWORDS:                       Bloom’s: Understand

 

29. Having equipment available for evidence processing is important, but having been trained in the use of the equipment is more
    1. True
    2. False

 

ANSWER:                            True

POINTS:                             1

REFERENCES:                   Investigative Equipment

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:  CRIM.HESS.17.05.01 – Explain the requisite steps involved in processing physical evidence correctly, from its discovery to final disposition.

KEYWORDS:                       Bloom’s: Understand

 

30. During the search of a crime scene, it is easy to tell which items are evidence; the primary difficulty is in collecting the
    1. True
    2. False

 

ANSWER:                            False

POINTS:                             1

REFERENCES:                   Processing Evidence: Maintaining the Chain of Custody from Discovery to Disposal

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:  CRIM.HESS.17.05.01 – Explain the requisite steps involved in processing physical evidence correctly, from its discovery to final disposition.

KEYWORDS:                       Bloom’s: Understand

 

31. Evidence may be placed in any type of container, as long as it does not touch other
    1. True
    2. False

 

ANSWER:                            False

POINTS:                             1

REFERENCES:                   Processing Evidence: Maintaining the Chain of Custody from Discovery to Disposal

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:  CRIM.HESS.17.05.01 – Explain the requisite steps involved in processing physical evidence correctly, from its discovery to final disposition.

KEYWORDS:                       Bloom’s: Understand

 

32. Probability serves no purpose in evidence; the lab must determine whether or not the evidence exactly matches the standard of
    1. True
    2. False

 

ANSWER:                            False

POINTS:                             1

REFERENCES:                   Frequently Examined Evidence

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:  CRIM.HESS.17.05.02 – Identify the common errors in collecting evidence.

KEYWORDS:                       Bloom’s: Understand

 

33. To simplify testimony in court, it is practical to have one officer collect the item of evidence and another take
    1. True
    2. False

 

ANSWER:                            True

POINTS:                             1

REFERENCES:                   Processing Evidence: Maintaining the Chain of Custody from Discovery to Disposal

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:  CRIM.HESS.17.05.03 – Understand the criteria required to ensure admissibility of evidence in court.

KEYWORDS:                       Bloom’s: Understand

 

34. Before, during, and after its examination, evidence must be securely protected and properly However, once it is ready for court, there are no issues regarding how it is stored.
    1. True
    2. False

 

ANSWER:                            False

POINTS:                             1

REFERENCES:                   Processing Evidence: Maintaining the Chain of Custody from Discovery to Disposal

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:  CRIM.HESS.17.05.03 – Understand the criteria required to ensure admissibility of evidence in court.

KEYWORDS:                       Bloom’s: Understand

 

35. Automating evidence storage can prevent many
    1. True
    2. False

 

ANSWER:                            True

POINTS:                             1

REFERENCES:                   Processing Evidence: Maintaining the Chain of Custody from Discovery to Disposal

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:  CRIM.HESS.17.05.03 – Understand the criteria required to ensure admissibility of evidence in court.

KEYWORDS:                       Bloom’s: Understand

 

36. Fingerprints are a type of evidence that requires a standard of
    1. True
    2. False

 

ANSWER:                            True

POINTS:                             1

REFERENCES:                   Frequently Examined Evidence

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:  CRIM.HESS.17.05.04 – List the types of evidence most commonly found in criminal investigations.

KEYWORDS:                       Bloom’s: Understand

 

37. Investigators should powder and lift every fingerprint they
    1. True
    2. False

 

ANSWER:                            False

POINTS:                             1

REFERENCES:                   Frequently Examined Evidence

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:  CRIM.HESS.17.05.04 – List the types of evidence most commonly found in criminal investigations.

KEYWORDS:                       Bloom’s: Understand

 

38. Investigators have used lip prints and lip impressions to solve
    1. True
    2. False

 

ANSWER:                            True

POINTS:                             1

REFERENCES:                   Frequently Examined Evidence

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:  CRIM.HESS.17.05.04 – List the types of evidence most commonly found in criminal investigations.

KEYWORDS:                       Bloom’s: Understand

 

39. Latent prints have been collected from human
    1. True
    2. False

 

ANSWER:                            True

POINTS:                             1

REFERENCES:                   Frequently Examined Evidence

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:  CRIM.HESS.17.05.04 – List the types of evidence most commonly found in criminal investigations.

KEYWORDS:                       Bloom’s: Understand

 

40. Different-colored fingerprint powder can be used when dusting for
    1. True
    2. False

 

ANSWER:                            True

POINTS:                             1

REFERENCES:                   Frequently Examined Evidence

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:  CRIM.HESS.17.05.05 – Compare and contrast the determinations that can and cannot be made from fingerprint, DNA, blood, and hair evidence.

KEYWORDS:                       Bloom’s: Understand

 

41. Deoxyribonucleic acid is an organic substance contained in a cell’s
    1. True
    2. False

 

ANSWER:                            True

POINTS:                             1

REFERENCES:                   Frequently Examined Evidence

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:  CRIM.HESS.17.05.05 – Compare and contrast the determinations that can and cannot be made from fingerprint, DNA, blood, and hair evidence.

KEYWORDS:                       Bloom’s: Understand

 

42. Hairs are far more distinguishable than
    1. True
    2. False

 

ANSWER:                            False

POINTS:                             1

REFERENCES:                   Frequently Examined Evidence

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:  CRIM.HESS.17.05.05 – Compare and contrast the determinations that can and cannot be made from fingerprint, DNA, blood, and hair evidence.

KEYWORDS:                       Bloom’s: Understand

 

43. DNA is extremely durable and generally unaffected by heat, sunlight, moisture, bacteria, or
    1. True
    2. False

 

ANSWER:                            False

POINTS:                             1

REFERENCES:                   Frequently Examined Evidence

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:  CRIM.HESS.17.05.05 – Compare and contrast the determinations that can and cannot be made from fingerprint, DNA, blood, and hair evidence.

KEYWORDS:                       Bloom’s: Understand

 

44. Blood can be identified as animal or
    1. True
    2. False

 

ANSWER:                            True

POINTS:                             1

REFERENCES:                   Frequently Examined Evidence

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:  CRIM.HESS.17.05.05 – Compare and contrast the determinations that can and cannot be made from fingerprint, DNA, blood, and hair evidence.

KEYWORDS:                       Bloom’s: Understand

 

45. Typewritten materials are not as traceable as handwritten
    1. True
    2. False

 

ANSWER:                            True

POINTS:                             1

REFERENCES:                   Frequently Examined Evidence

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:  CRIM.HESS.17.05.06 – Describe special collection and processing considerations for the following types of evidence: shoe and tire prints and impressions, tools and tool marks, firearms and ammunition, glass, soils and minerals, safe insulation, ropes, strings, tapes, drugs, documents, laundry and dry-cleaning marks, paint, and skeletal remains.

KEYWORDS:                       Bloom’s: Understand

 

46. The type of evidence that links a suspect with a crime and is often found in fingerprints, footprints, bloodstains, hairs, and fibers is called

ANSWER:                            associative

POINTS:                             1

REFERENCES:                   Definitions

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:  CRIM.HESS.17.05.01 – Explain the requisite steps involved in processing physical evidence correctly, from its discovery to final disposition.

KEYWORDS:                       Bloom’s: Remember

 

47. The largest failure in gathering evidence is not the equipment available, but the lack of _____________ in using it

ANSWER:                            training

POINTS:                             1

REFERENCES:                   Investigative Equipment

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:  CRIM.HESS.17.05.01 – Explain the requisite steps involved in processing physical evidence correctly, from its discovery to final disposition.

KEYWORDS:                       Bloom’s: Remember

 

48. To determine what the evidence is, first consider the apparent

ANSWER:                            crime

POINTS:                             1

REFERENCES:                   Processing Evidence: Maintaining the Chain of Custody from Discovery to Disposal

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:  CRIM.HESS.17.05.01 – Explain the requisite steps involved in processing physical evidence correctly, from its discovery to final disposition.

KEYWORDS:                       Bloom’s: Remember

 

49. A(n) _____________ of comparison is an object, measure, or model with which evidence is compared to determine whether both came from the same

ANSWER:                            standard

POINTS:                             1

REFERENCES:                   Processing Evidence: Maintaining the Chain of Custody from Discovery to Disposal

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:  CRIM.HESS.17.05.01 – Explain the requisite steps involved in processing physical evidence correctly, from its discovery to final disposition.

KEYWORDS:                       Bloom’s: Remember

 

50. When collecting evidence, take extreme care to prevent different pieces of evidence from touching each other, which can lead to _____________

ANSWER:                            cross

POINTS:                             1

REFERENCES:                   Crime Scene Integrity and Contamination of Evidence

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:  CRIM.HESS.17.05.02 – Identify the common errors in collecting evidence.

KEYWORDS:                       Bloom’s: Remember

 

51. The small lines on the palm side at the end of every human finger, which provide just enough roughness to help fingers retain objects, are known as _____________

ANSWER:                            friction

POINTS:                             1

REFERENCES:                   Frequently Examined Evidence

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:  CRIM.HESS.17.05.04 – List the types of evidence most commonly found in criminal investigations.

KEYWORDS:                       Bloom’s: Remember

 

52. A tool _____________ is an impression left by a tool on a

ANSWER:                            mark

POINTS:                             1

REFERENCES:                   Frequently Examined Evidence

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:  CRIM.HESS.17.05.04 – List the types of evidence most commonly found in criminal investigations.

KEYWORDS:                       Bloom’s: Remember

 

53. Fingerprints are clear and _____________ evidence of a person’s

ANSWER:                            positive

POINTS:                             1

REFERENCES:                   Frequently Examined Evidence

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:  CRIM.HESS.17.05.05 – Compare and contrast the determinations that can and cannot be made from fingerprint, DNA, blood, and hair evidence.

KEYWORDS:                       Bloom’s: Remember

 

54. For laboratories to process DNA evidence, the evidence must be _____________; that is, tending to prove guilt or

ANSWER:                            probative

POINTS:                             1

REFERENCES:                   Frequently Examined Evidence

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:  CRIM.HESS.17.05.05 – Compare and contrast the determinations that can and cannot be made from fingerprint, DNA, blood, and hair evidence.

KEYWORDS:                       Bloom’s: Remember

 

55. In collecting hair samples, attempt to obtain 25 to 50 full hairs from the appropriate part of the suspect’s body for

_____________  purposes.

ANSWER:                            comparison

POINTS:                             1

REFERENCES:                   Frequently Examined Evidence

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:  CRIM.HESS.17.05.05 – Compare and contrast the determinations that can and cannot be made from fingerprint, DNA, blood, and hair evidence.

KEYWORDS:                       Bloom’s: Remember

 

56. Describe the basic types of equipment that a department would need to process a crime

ANSWER:                            Cameras and film; chalk and chalk line; compass; containers (boxes, bags of all sizes and shapes, lightweight plastic or paper; telescoping or collapsible glass bottles, and new paint containers); crayon or magic marker; envelopes, all sizes; fingerprint kit; first-aid kit; flashlight and batteries; knife; labels, all sizes; magnifier; measuring tape, steel; mirror with collapsible handle; money; notebook; paper; pencils, pens; picks; plaster; pliers; protractor; rope; ruler, carpenter-type; ruler, straightedge; scissors; screwdrivers, standard and Phillips; scribe; sketching supplies; spatula; string; tags; templates; tongue depressors, wooden; tubes, glass, with stoppers; tweezers; wrecking bar.

POINTS:                             1

REFERENCES:                   Investigative Equipment

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:  CRIM.HESS.17.05.01 – Explain the requisite steps involved in processing physical evidence correctly, from its discovery to final disposition.

KEYWORDS:                       Bloom’s: Apply

 

57. Explain the difference between competent, material, and relevant

ANSWER:                            Material evidence forms a substantive part of the case or has a legitimate and effective influence on the decision of the case. Relevant evidence applies to the matter in question. Competent evidence has been properly collected, identified, filed, and continuously secured.

POINTS:                             1

REFERENCES:                   Definitions

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:  CRIM.HESS.17.05.01 – Explain the requisite steps involved in processing physical evidence correctly, from its discovery to final disposition.

KEYWORDS:                       Bloom’s: Apply

 

58. When would an investigator make use of an ultraviolet light?

ANSWER:                            An investigator should use an ultraviolet (UV) light for some kinds of hard-to-see

evidence—small amounts of semen, for instance, or fibers.

POINTS:                             1

REFERENCES:                   Processing Evidence: Maintaining the Chain of Custody from Discovery to Disposal

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:  CRIM.HESS.17.05.01 – Explain the requisite steps involved in processing physical evidence correctly, from its discovery to final disposition.

KEYWORDS:                       Bloom’s: Apply

 

59. Once evidence is discovered, photographed, and sketched, it is ready for How could you collect several different items in order to best avoid cross-contamination?

ANSWER:                            Make sure items of evidence do not touch one another. When using the same tool for several tasks, thoroughly clean the tool after each use to prevent cross-contamination.

POINTS:                             1

REFERENCES:                   Crime Scene Integrity and Contamination of Evidence

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:  CRIM.HESS.17.05.02 – Identify the common errors in collecting evidence.

KEYWORDS:                       Bloom’s: Apply

 

60. How should an investigator avoid contaminating evidence?

ANSWER:                            To minimize contamination of a crime scene and the evidence within, cordon off the area and keep all unnecessary people, including police officers, outside the scene perimeter.

POINTS:                             1

REFERENCES:                   Crime Scene Integrity and Contamination of Evidence

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:  CRIM.HESS.17.05.02 – Identify the common errors in collecting evidence.

KEYWORDS:                       Bloom’s: Apply

 

61. Why did the jury seem to disregard the DNA evidence in the J. Simpson case, and what suggestions do you have for avoiding such problems?

ANSWER:                            The defense raised questions about how blood samples were collected, preserved, and examined. To avoid such problems, use disposable instruments or clean them  thoroughly before and after handling each sample; avoid talking, sneezing, and coughing over evidence; air-dry evidence thoroughly before packaging; and put evidence into new paper bags or envelopes, not into plastic bags, and never use staples.

POINTS:                             1

REFERENCES:                   Frequently Examined Evidence

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:  CRIM.HESS.17.05.03 – Understand the criteria required to ensure admissibility of evidence in court.

KEYWORDS:                       Bloom’s: Apply

 

62. How is it possible to collect scent from a crime scene?

ANSWER:                            An article of clothing can be used as a scent article, or scent evidence can be collected by placing a sterile gauze pad on an item of evidence. A Scent Transfer Unit uses a vacuum system to trap scent on the gauze. If no scent article is available, the Scent Transfer Unit can be put in a closed room to vacuum the air for five minutes to try to capture a scent. These scent pads can be presented to a tracking dog or placed in a freezer for preservation.

POINTS:                             1

REFERENCES:                   Frequently Examined Evidence

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:  CRIM.HESS.17.05.04 – List the types of evidence most commonly found in criminal investigations.

KEYWORDS:                       Bloom’s: Apply

 

63. Discuss the difference between individual and class

ANSWER:                            Class characteristics are the features that place an item into a specific category. For example, the size and shape of a tool mark may indicate that the tool used was a screwdriver rather than a pry bar. Individual characteristics are the features that distinguish one item from another of the same type. For example, chips and wear patterns in the blade of a screwdriver may leave marks that are distinguishable from those of any other screwdriver.

POINTS:                             1

REFERENCES:                   Frequently Examined Evidence

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:  CRIM.HESS.17.05.04 – List the types of evidence most commonly found in criminal investigations.

KEYWORDS:                       Bloom’s: Apply

 

64. Describe the three different types of fingerprints and explain the process of identifying and preserving each

ANSWER:                            Latent fingerprints are impressions transferred to a surface, either by sweat on the ridges of the fingers or because the fingers carry residue of oil, dirt, blood, or other substances. Latent prints are not readily seen but can be developed through powders or chemicals. They are normally left on nonporous surfaces.

 

Visible fingerprints are made when fingers are dirty or stained. They occur primarily on glossy or light-colored surfaces and can be dusted and lifted.

 

Plastic fingerprints, one form of visible print, are impressions left in soft substances such as putty, grease, tar, butter, or soft soap. These prints are photographed, not dusted.

POINTS:                             1

REFERENCES:                   Frequently Examined Evidence

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:  CRIM.HESS.17.05.04 – List the types of evidence most commonly found in criminal investigations.

KEYWORDS:                       Bloom’s: Apply

 

65. Discuss how language analysis can contribute to an

ANSWER:                            An individual’s communication, whether written or spoken, may provide clues about his or her gender, age, race or ethnicity, or what part of the country (or world) the person grew up in or has spent recent time in. Language analysis may also provide insight into a person’s educational level, political views, and religious orientation, which may in turn provide further evidence regarding a criminal motive.

POINTS:                             1

REFERENCES:                   Frequently Examined Evidence

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:  CRIM.HESS.17.05.04 – List the types of evidence most commonly found in criminal investigations.

KEYWORDS:                       Bloom’s: Apply

 

66. List and describe the evidence that would be most helpful in showing that a specific person was at a

ANSWER:                            Probabilities play a large role in determining the value of evidence. Fingerprints and DNA, for example, provide positive identification. In contrast, blood type does not provide positive identification, but it can help eliminate a person as a suspect. An object’s individuality is also important. For example, a heel mark’s value is directly proportional to the number of its specific features, such as brand name, number of nails, and individual wear patterns that can be identified. Some objects have identification marks on them. Other evidence requires a comparison to be of value—a tire impression matching a tire, a bullet matching a specific revolver, a torn piece of clothing matching a shirt.

POINTS:                             1

REFERENCES:                   Processing Evidence: Maintaining the Chain of Custody from Discovery to Disposal

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:  CRIM.HESS.17.05.05 – Compare and contrast the determinations that can and cannot be made from fingerprint, DNA, blood, and hair evidence.

KEYWORDS:                       Bloom’s: Apply

 

67. Why is the quality of a rolled fingerprint important?

ANSWER:                            Smudges and distortions reduce the print’s usefulness, so quality is extremely important.

POINTS:                             1

REFERENCES:                   Frequently Examined Evidence

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:  CRIM.HESS.17.05.05 – Compare and contrast the determinations that can and cannot be made from fingerprint, DNA, blood, and hair evidence.

KEYWORDS:                       Bloom’s: Apply

 

68. What can the examination of human skeletal remains contribute to an investigation?

ANSWER:                            If adequate human skeletal remains are available, the sex, race, approximate age at death, approximate height, and approximate time since death can be determined.

Dental comparisons and X-rays of old fractures are other important identifying features or individual characteristics.

POINTS:                             1

REFERENCES:                   Frequently Examined Evidence

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:  CRIM.HESS.17.05.06 – Describe special collection and processing considerations for the following types of evidence: shoe and tire prints and impressions, tools and tool marks, firearms and ammunition, glass, soils and minerals, safe insulation, ropes, strings, tapes, drugs, documents, laundry and dry-cleaning marks, paint, and skeletal remains.

KEYWORDS:                       Bloom’s: Apply

 

69. Describe the type of evidence that might be found at the scene of a hit-and-run. How should this evidence be collected?

ANSWER:                            In hit-and-run cases, collect paint samples from any area of the vehicle that had contact with the victim. Take paint samples down to the original metal to show the layer composition. Use small boxes for submitting paint samples to the crime lab, putting samples from different parts of the vehicle in separate small boxes. If paint chips are on the clothing of the victim or suspect, send the entire article of clothing in a paper bag to the laboratory, properly labeled and identified.

POINTS:                             1

REFERENCES:                   Frequently Examined Evidence

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:  CRIM.HESS.17.05.06 – Describe special collection and processing considerations for the following types of evidence: shoe and tire prints and impressions, tools and tool marks, firearms and ammunition, glass, soils and minerals, safe insulation, ropes, strings, tapes, drugs, documents, laundry and dry-cleaning marks, paint, and skeletal remains.

KEYWORDS:                       Bloom’s: Apply