Development Across the Life Span 8th Edition Feldman - Test Bank Instant Download - Complete Test Bank With Answers Sample Questions Are Posted Below Topic Factual Conceptual Applied LO 5.1: Summarize the fundamental features of Piaget’s theory of cognitive development. Multiple Choice 1, 3-4, 6-8, 10 2, 12 5, 9, …
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Development Across the Life Span 8th Edition Feldman – Test Bank
Instant Download – Complete Test Bank With Answers
Sample Questions Are Posted Below
| Topic | Factual | Conceptual | Applied | |
| LO 5.1: Summarize the fundamental features of Piaget’s theory of cognitive development. | Multiple Choice | 1, 3-4, 6-8, 10 | 2, 12 | 5, 9, 11, 13 |
| True/False | 100-101 | |||
| Essay | ||||
| LO 5.2: Describe Piaget’s sensorimotor stage of cognitive development. | Multiple Choice | 14, 16, 19, 27, 30-31, 33, 35-36, 39, 41 | 15, 20-22, 24, 26, 29, 40 | 17-18, 23, 25, 28, 32, 34, 37-38, 42 |
| True/False | 102-103 | |||
| Essay | ||||
| LO 5.3: Summarize the arguments both in support of and critical of Piaget’s theory of cognitive development. | Multiple Choice | |||
| True/False | 104 | |||
| Essay | 97 | |||
| LO 5.4: Describe how infants process information according to information processing approaches to cognitive development. | Multiple Choice | 43-44, 46-47, 50-51, 53-54 | 45, 48, 52 | 49 |
| True/False | ||||
| Essay | 98 | |||
| LO 5.5: Describe the memory capabilities of infants their first two years of life. | Multiple Choice | 55-60 | 61 | |
| True/False | 105 | |||
| Essay | ||||
| LO 5.6: Describe how infant intelligence is measured using information processing approaches. | Multiple Choice | 62-64, 66-67 | 96 | 65 |
| True/False | ||||
| Essay | ||||
| LO 5.7: Outline the processes by which children learn how to use language. | Multiple Choice | 68-70, 73, 77, 79-80, 82-83 | 75 | 71-72, 74, 76, 78, 81, 84 |
| True/False | ||||
| Essay | ||||
| LO 5.8: Outline the major theories of language development. | Multiple Choice | 86-88, 90, 92 | 89, 91 | 85 |
| True/False | ||||
| Essay | 99 | |||
| LO 5.9: Describe how children influence adults’ language. | Multiple Choice | 93-94 | 95 | |
| True/False | ||||
| Essay |
Chapter 5
Cognitive Development in Infancy
MULTIPLE CHOICE
5-1. Who was the Swiss psychologist who felt that infants learn according to the formula, “action = knowledge”?
Answer: C
Level: Medium
Page: 168
Skill: Factual
LO 5.1: Summarize the fundamental features of Piaget’s theory of cognitive development.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Remember
5-2. Piaget argued that infants acquire knowledge through
Answer: D
Level: Medium
Page: 168
Skill: Conceptual
LO 5.1: Summarize the fundamental features of Piaget’s theory of cognitive development.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Understand
5-3. Piaget’s theory of development assumed that all children pass through a series of ____ universal stages in a fixed order from birth to adolescence. These are ______.
Answer: B
Level: Difficult
Page: 168
Skill: Factual
LO 5.1: Summarize the fundamental features of Piaget’s theory of cognitive development.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Remember
5-4. Piaget believed that the basic building blocks of the way children understand the world are mental structures called
Answer: C
Level: Medium
Page: 168
Skill: Factual
LO 5.1: Summarize the fundamental features of Piaget’s theory of cognitive development.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Remember
5-5. Mark and Amanda just purchased some new toys for their 4-month-old baby. As soon as they put them in the baby’s crib, the baby immediately tried to put the toys in his mouth, then picked up and shook the toys. Piaget would say that this is an example of a(n)
Answer: A
Level: Medium
Page: 168-169
Skill: Applied
LO 5.1: Summarize the fundamental features of Piaget’s theory of cognitive development.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Apply
5-6. What is the term for an organized pattern of functioning that adapts and changes with mental development?
Answer: B
Level: Medium
Page: 168
Skill: Factual
LO 5.1: Summarize the fundamental features of Piaget’s theory of cognitive development.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Remember
5-7. What is the term that Piaget used to explain the process by which people understand an experience in terms of their current stage of cognitive development and way of thinking?
Answer: B
Level: Medium
Page: 169
Skill: Factual
LO 5.1: Summarize the fundamental features of Piaget’s theory of cognitive development.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Remember
5-8. Piaget thought that ________ occurs when a stimulus or event is acted upon, perceived, and understood in accordance with existing patterns of thought.
Answer: A
Level: Medium
Page: 169
Skill: Factual
LO 5.1: Summarize the fundamental features of Piaget’s theory of cognitive development.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Remember
5-9. Four-year-old Alex and his mother visited the zoo. While they were there, Alex’s mother took him to see the squirrel exhibit. Alex saw many different types of squirrels, but when he saw a flying squirrel glide from one branch to the next, he pointed and said, “A bird.” Considering Piaget’s work, Alex is demonstrating an example of
Answer: D
Level: Medium
Page: 169
Skill: Applied
LO 5.1: Summarize the fundamental features of Piaget’s theory of cognitive development.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Apply
5-10. Piaget used the term _______ to describe changes in existing ways of thinking that occur in response to encounters with new stimuli or events.
Answer: A
Level: Medium
Page: 169
Skill: Factual
LO 5.1: Summarize the fundamental features of Piaget’s theory of cognitive development.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Remember
5-11. Five-year-old Alex and his mother visited the zoo. While they were there, Alex’s mother took him to see the squirrel exhibit. Alex saw many different types of squirrels, but when he saw a flying squirrel glide from one branch to the next, he pointed and said, “A bird with a tail.” Considering Piaget’s work, Alex is demonstrating an example of
Answer: B
Level: Medium
Page: 169
Skill: Applied
LO 5.1: Summarize the fundamental features of Piaget’s theory of cognitive development.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Apply
5-12. Piaget believed that the earliest schemes are limited to ________ that we have when we are born.
Answer: D
Level: Medium
Page: 169
Skill: Conceptual
LO 5.1: Summarize the fundamental features of Piaget’s theory of cognitive development.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Understand
5-13. Baby Alexander makes minor changes in his schemes each time his environment provides him with a new experience. This is the process of
Answer: A
Level: Medium
Page: 169
Skill: Applied
LO 5.1: Summarize the fundamental features of Piaget’s theory of cognitive development.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Apply
5-14. What is the term for Piaget’s initial major stage of cognitive development, which can be broken down into six substages?
Answer: C
Level: Medium
Page: 169
Skill: Factual
LO 5.2: Describe Piaget’s sensorimotor stage of cognitive development.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Remember
5-15. Piaget believed that the exact timing of a stage reflects an interaction between the infant’s ________ and __________.
Answer: A
Level: Difficult
Page: 169
Skill: Conceptual
LO 5.2: Describe Piaget’s sensorimotor stage of cognitive development.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Understand
5-16. Piaget’s Substage 2: First habits and primary circular reactions stage occurs for infants in the age range of
Answer: C
Level: Difficult
Page: 170-171
Skill: Factual
LO 5.2: Describe Piaget’s sensorimotor stage of cognitive development.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Remember
5-17. A baby who shakes her rattle in different ways to see how the sound changes is demonstrating
Answer: A
Level: Easy
Page: 171
Skill: Applied
LO 5.2: Describe Piaget’s sensorimotor stage of cognitive development.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Apply
5-18. Beth normally breastfeeds her baby; however, during the workday Beth’s mother watches her baby, and the baby must be fed with a bottle. Beth has noticed that her baby’s approach to being bottle fed is somewhat different than when the baby is being breastfed. Piaget would say that this is an example of
Answer: B
Level Difficult
Page: 170
Skill: Applied
LO 5.2: Describe Piaget’s sensorimotor stage of cognitive development.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Apply
5-19. In Piaget’s sensorimotor period, the first substage is called
Answer: D
Level: Medium
Page: 170
Skill: Factual
LO 5.2: Describe Piaget’s sensorimotor stage of cognitive development.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Remember
5-20. In which of Piaget’s substages of his sensorimotor stage do infants begin to coordinate what were separate actions into single, integrated activities?
Answer: D
Level: Difficult
Page: 170-171
Skill: Conceptual
LO 5.2: Describe Piaget’s sensorimotor stage of cognitive development.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Understand
5-21. Piaget thought that the repetition of a chance motor event that helps the baby start building cognitive schemes is a process called
Answer: C
Page: 170-171
Level: Difficult
Skill: Conceptual
LO 5.2: Describe Piaget’s sensorimotor stage of cognitive development.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Understand
5-22. During which substage of Piaget’s sensorimotor stage does the child “begin to act upon the outside world,” a process by which infants seek to repeat enjoyable events in their environments if they happen to produce them through chance activities?
Answer: C
Level: Difficult
Page: 170-171
Skill: Conceptual
LO 5.2: Describe Piaget’s sensorimotor stage of cognitive development.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Understand
5-23. Baby Jimmy’s parent places a brand new rattle in his crib. Instantly, Jimmy picks up the rattle, tries to mouth the rattle, and notices that when it shakes, it makes noise. Jimmy immediately tries shaking the rattle different ways to see how the sound changes, and he seems to enjoy this activity. Piaget would say that this is an example of
Answer: C
Level: Difficult
Page: 170-171
Skill: Applied
LO 5.2: Describe Piaget’s sensorimotor stage of cognitive development.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Apply
5-24. What is the major difference between primary circular reactions and secondary circular reactions in Piaget’s sensorimotor stage?
Answer: D
Level: Difficult
Page: 170-171
Skill: Conceptual
LO 5.2: Describe Piaget’s sensorimotor stage of cognitive development.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Understand
5-25. Eight-month-old baby Lucy picks up a toy in her crib and accidentally hits her crib with the toy, making an interesting noise. She begins to drag the toy back and forth against the sides of the crib’s railing, producing another different and interesting sound. This prompts Lucy to continue repeating the action over and over again. Piaget would say that this is an example of
Answer: C
Level: Difficult
Page: 171
Skill: Applied
LO 5.2: Describe Piaget’s sensorimotor stage of cognitive development.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Apply
5-26. Piaget believed that __________ are schemes reflecting an infant’s repetition of interesting or enjoyable actions that focus on the infant’s own body. An example of this might be an infant putting its thumb in its mouth and sucking.
Answer: A
Level: Difficult
Page: 170-171
Skill: Conceptual
LO 5.2: Describe Piaget’s sensorimotor stage of cognitive development.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Understand
5-27. Piaget’s Substage 4: Coordination of secondary circular reactions stage occurs for infants in the age range of
Answer: B
Level: Difficult
Page: 171
Skill: Factual
LO 5.2: Describe Piaget’s sensorimotor stage of cognitive development.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Remember
5-28. Baby Dionne is playing in her crib and reaches to pull back a blanket that is partially covering the teddy bear that she wants to play with. Piaget would say that this is an example of
Answer: C
Level: Difficult
Page: 171-172
Skill: Applied
LO 5.2: Describe Piaget’s sensorimotor stage of cognitive development.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Apply
5-29. Which of the following demonstrates the characteristics of Piaget’s Substage 4: Coordination of secondary circular reactions?
Answer: D
Level: Difficult
Page: 171-172
Skill: Conceptual
LO 5.2: Describe Piaget’s sensorimotor stage of cognitive development.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Understand
5-30. When several schemes are combined and coordinated to generate a single act to solve a problem, this is called
Answer: A
Level: Medium
Page: 171
Skill: Factual
LO 5.2: Describe Piaget’s sensorimotor stage of cognitive development.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Remember
5-31. Piaget believed that _________ appears in Substage 4 and enables the infant to realize that people and objects exist even when they cannot be seen.
Answer: B
Level: Easy
Page: 171
Skill: Factual
LO 5.2: Describe Piaget’s sensorimotor stage of cognitive development.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Remember
5-32. Baby Nicholas watches as his mother leaves the room, but he does not cry because he understands that his mother still exists even though he cannot see her. This is an example of which reaction concept?
Answer: D
Level: Medium
Page: 171
Skill: Applied
LO 5.2: Describe Piaget’s sensorimotor stage of cognitive development.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Apply
5-33. What is the term for the realization that people and objects exist even when they cannot be seen?
Answer: D
Level: Easy
Page: 171
Skill: Factual
LO 5.2: Describe Piaget’s sensorimotor stage of cognitive development.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Remember
5-34. Glada is 7 months old. Her mother has been playing with her using age-appropriate toys. Glada has begun to engage in the concepts of object permanence. Her mother feels she should have totally grasped the concepts of object permanence and is concerned her daughter may have developmental issues. What could a developmental specialist tell Glada’s mother regarding this concept?
Answer: A
Level: Difficult
Page: 171-172
Skill: Applied
LO 5.2: Describe Piaget’s sensorimotor stage of cognitive development.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Apply
5-35. Piaget’s Substage 5: Tertiary circular reactions stage occurs for infants in the age range of
Answer: A
Level: Difficult
Page: 172-173
Skill: Factual
LO 5.2: Describe Piaget’s sensorimotor stage of cognitive development.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Remember
5-36. What is the term for Piaget’s sensorimotor stage where an infant develops schemes that include deliberate variations of actions that bring about desirable consequences?
Answer: B
Level: Difficult
Page: 172-173
Skill: Factual
LO 5.2: Describe Piaget’s sensorimotor stage of cognitive development.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Remember
5-37. “Piaget observed his son Laurent dropping a toy swan repeatedly, varying the position from which he dropped it, [and] carefully observing each time to see where it fell.” This is an example of
Answer: D
Level: Difficult
Page: 172-173
Skill: Applied
LO 5.2: Describe Piaget’s sensorimotor stage of cognitive development.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Apply
5-38. At dinnertime, Baby Michael is seated in his high chair as his parents try to feed him; however, Michael repeatedly drops or throws his cup, spoon, and much of his dinner onto the floor while he watches the consequences of his actions. Which of Piaget’s substages might explain Michael’s behaviors?
Answer: A
Level: Difficult
Page: 172-173
Skill: Applied
LO 5.2: Describe Piaget’s sensorimotor stage of cognitive development.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Apply
5-39. Piaget’s Substage 6: Beginnings of thought occur for children in the age range of
Answer: B
Level: Difficult
Page: 173
Skill: Factual
LO 5.2: Describe Piaget’s sensorimotor stage of cognitive development.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Remember
5-40. According to Piaget, what is the major accomplishment of Substage 6?
Answer: D
Level: Medium
Page: 173
Skill: Conceptual
LO 5.2: Describe Piaget’s sensorimotor stage of cognitive development.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Understand
5-41. Piaget calls an internal image of a past event or object a
Answer: A
Level: Medium
Page: 173
Skill: Factual
LO 5.2: Describe Piaget’s sensorimotor stage of cognitive development.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Remember
5-42. Baby Luke is playing with a bouncing ball in his playpen, and accidentally the ball bounces out of the playpen and rolls under a nearby chair. Luke tries to get his mother to retrieve his ball by pointing in the direction of where the ball went under the chair. Piaget would say this is an example of
Answer: C
Level: Medium
Page: 173
Skill: Applied
LO 5.2: Describe Piaget’s sensorimotor stage of cognitive development.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Apply
5-43. What is the term for the model that seeks to identify the way that individuals take in, use, and store information?
Answer: A
Level: Medium
Page: 176
Skill: Factual
LO 5.4: Describe how infants process information according to information processing approaches to cognitive development.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Remember
5-44. According to ___________, the quantitative changes in an infant’s abilities to organize and manipulate information represent the hallmarks of cognitive development.
Answer: D
Level: Medium
Page: 176
Skill: Factual
LO 5.4: Describe how infants process information according to information processing approaches to cognitive development.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Remember
5-45. Information processing focuses on _________ changes in infants, while Piaget’s theory focuses on _________ changes in infants.
Answer: A
Level: Difficult
Page: 176
Skill: Conceptual
LO 5.4: Describe how infants process information according to information processing approaches to cognitive development.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Understand
5-46. Which of the following is considered a basic aspect of information processing?
Answer: C
Level: Easy
Page: 176
Skill: Factual
LO 5.4: Describe how infants process information according to information processing approaches to cognitive development.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Remember
5-47. What is the term for the process by which information is initially recorded in a form usable to memory?
Answer: B
Level: Medium
Page: 176
Skill: Factual
LO 5.4: Describe how infants process information according to information processing approaches to cognitive development.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Remember
5-48. Infants, like all people, are exposed to massive amounts of information, and therefore, they must focus their attention and select information so as not to be overwhelmed. This process is called selective
Answer: A
Level: Medium
Page: 176
Skill: Conceptual
LO 5.4: Describe how infants process information according to information processing approaches to cognitive development.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Understand
5-49. A baby is in its crib while a swarm of relatives hovers, calling the baby’s name, and making cooing sounds. There is a radio playing in the background and sounds emanate from the television in the living room. All the while, the baby’s mother is trying to get the baby’s attention to get ready for its feeding. The baby is most likely to attend to the mother’s face and voice. This is an example of
Answer: C
Level: Medium
Page: 176
Skill: Applied
LO 5.4: Describe how infants process information according to information processing approaches to cognitive development.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Apply
5-50. What term refers to the placement of material into memory?
Answer: A
Level: Easy
Page: 176
Skill: Factual
LO 5.4: Describe how infants process information according to information processing approaches to cognitive development.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Remember
5-51. What term refers to the process by which material in memory is located, brought to awareness, and used?
Answer: B
Level: Medium
Page: 176
Skill: Factual
LO 5.4: Describe how infants process information according to information processing approaches to cognitive development.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Remember
5-52. The information processing approach emphasizes the types of ___________ that people use when they problem solve.
Answer: D
Level: Medium
Page: 176
Skill: Conceptual
LO 5.4: Describe how infants process information according to information processing approaches to cognitive development.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Understand
5-53. What term refers to the degree to which an activity requires attention?
Answer: A
Level: Medium
Page: 176-177
Skill: Factual
LO 5.4: Describe how infants process information according to information processing approaches to cognitive development.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Remember
5-54. Processes that require relatively little attention are ___________; however, processes that require relatively large amounts of attention are ________.
Answer: D
Level: Medium
Page: 176-177
Skill: Factual
LO 5.4: Describe how infants process information according to information processing approaches to cognitive development.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Remember
5-55. What is the term for the process by which information is initially recorded, stored, and retrieved?
Answer: D
Level: Medium
Page: 178
Skill: Factual
LO 5.5: Describe the memory capabilities of infants their first two years of life.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Remember
5-56. Infantile amnesia is defined as the lack of memory for experience that occurred prior to
Answer: C
Level: Difficult
Page: 179
Skill: Factual
LO 5.5: Describe the memory capabilities of infants their first two years of life.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Remember
5-57. What is term for the lack of memory for experiences that occurred in infancy?
Answer: B
Level: Easy
Page: 179
Skill: Factual
LO 5.5: Describe the memory capabilities of infants their first two years of life.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Remember
5-58. What two sources from neuroscience suggest that there are two separate systems involved in long-term memory?
Answer: B
Level: Medium
Page: 179
Skill: Factual
LO 5.5: Describe the memory capabilities of infants their first two years of life.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Remember
5-59. What kind of memory is conscious and can be recalled intentionally?
Answer: A
Level: Medium
Page: 179
Skill: Factual
LO 5.5: Describe the memory capabilities of infants their first two years of life.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Remember
5-60. Memories in our unconscious that affect performance and behavior are known as ________ memories.
Answer: C
Level: Medium
Page: 179
Skill: Factual
LO 5.5: Describe the memory capabilities of infants their first two years of life.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Remember
5-61. Climbing stairs, riding a bike, eating breakfast are all examples of what type of memory?
Answer: B
Level: Medium
Page: 179
Skill: Applied
LO 5.5: Describe the memory capabilities of infants their first two years of life.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Apply
5-62. Developmental psychologist Arnold Gesell formulated a type of test that
Answer: B
Level: Medium
Page: 181
Skill: Factual
LO 5.6: Explain how infant intelligence is measured using information processing approaches.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Remember
5-63. What is the term for an overall developmental score that relates to performance in four domains: motor skills, language use, adaptive behavior, and personal-social?
Answer: D
Level: Medium
Page: 181-182
Skill: Factual
LO 5.6: Explain how infant intelligence is measured using information processing approaches.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Remember
5-64. Developmental psychologist Nancy Bayley developed the Bayley Scales of Infant Development to measure
Answer: D
Level: Difficult
Page: 182
Skill: Factual
LO 5.6: Explain how infant intelligence is measured using information processing approaches.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Remember
5-65. Baby Misha scored at the average level on the Bayley Scales of Infant Development, performing at the average level for children of the same age. She received a score of
Answer: B
Level: Difficult
Page: 182
Skill: Applied
LO 5.6: Explain how infant intelligence is measured using information processing approaches.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Apply
5-66. Which developmental instrument looks to find how quickly an infant can retrieve a representation of a stimulus from memory? Presumably, the more efficient the infant is, the better the infant’s information processing abilities.
Answer: A
Level: Difficult
Page: 178
Skill: Factual
LO 5.6: Explain how infant intelligence is measured using information processing approaches.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Remember
5-67. The systematic, meaningful arrangement of symbols, which provides the basis for communication, is called
Answer: C
Level: Medium
Page: 183
Skill: Factual
LO 5.6: Explain how infant intelligence is measured using information processing approaches.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Remember
5-68. What term refers to the basic sounds of language that can be combined to produce words and sentences?
Answer: D
Level: Medium
Page: 185
Skill: Factual
LO 5.7: Outline the processes by which children learn to use language.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Remember
5-69. What is the term for the smallest language unit that has meaning?
Answer: A
Level: Medium
Page: 185
Skill: Factual
LO 5.7: Outline the processes by which children learn to use language.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Remember
5-70. What is the name for the rules that govern the meaning of words and sentences?
Answer: B
Level: Medium
Page: 185-186
Skill: Factual
LO 5.7: Outline the processes by which children learn to use language.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Remember
5-71. Baby Todd’s mother notices that he makes a variety of sounds including cooing, crying, gurgling, and murmuring along with facial expressions, gestures, imitation, and other nonlinguistic means. Baby Todd is demonstrating
Answer: D
Level: Medium
Page: 186-187
Skill: Applied
LO 5.7: Outline the processes by which children learn to use language.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Apply
5-72. If a baby is making speech-like, but meaningless, sounds, this is a universal phenomenon called
Answer: B
Level: Medium
Page: 187
Skill: Applied
LO 5.7: Outline the processes by which children learn to use language.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Apply
5-73. A baby’s first use of words usually comes in the form of ___________, which are one-word utterances that stand for a whole phrase, whose meaning depends on the particular context in which they are used.
Answer: C
Level: Medium
Page: 189
Skill: Factual
LO 5.7: Outline the processes by which children learn to use language.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Remember
5-74. Baby Allison is in her high chair while her father prepares her dinner. Baby Allison tries to get her father’s attention by saying “eat” and “cookie,” and this would be an example of a
Answer: D
Level: Medium
Page: 189
Skill: Applied
LO 5.7: Outline the processes by which children learn to use language.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Apply
5-75. By the age of two, most children can use two-word sentences and __________ speech where non-critical words of a sentence are left out.
Answer: B
Level: Medium
Page: 189
Skill: Conceptual
LO 5.7: Outline the processes by which children learn to use language.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Understand
5-76. Baby Billy calls his favorite blanket a “blankie.” When he sees other blankets in the house, however, he does not refer to them as a “blankie” because he uses that name only for his favorite blanket. This is an example of
Answer: A
Level: Difficult
Page: 190
Skill: Applied
LO 5.7: Outline the processes by which children learn to use language.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Apply
5-77. The term used for the overly restrictive use of words, common among children just mastering spoken language, is called
Answer: D
Level: Difficult
Page: 190
Skill: Factual
LO 5.7: Outline the processes by which children learn to use language.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Remember
5-78. When Baby Sarah is riding in the car with her parents, she occasionally points at passing vehicles and calls out “see cars,” even though some of the vehicles are buses and trucks. This is an example of _________.
Answer: A
Level: Medium
Page: 190
Skill: Applied
LO 5.7: Outline the processes by which children learn to use language.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Apply
5-79. What is the term for the overly broad use of words, overgeneralizing their meaning?
Answer: B
Level: Difficult
Page: 190
Skill: Factual
LO 5.7: Outline the processes by which children learn to use language.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Remember
5-80. What is the term for a style of language use in which language is used primarily to label objects?
Answer: C
Level: Difficult
Page: 190
Skill: Factual
LO 5.7: Outline the processes by which children learn to use language.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Remember
5-81. Martha and Jim spend time with their baby, teaching her to say what she wants and to tell her parents what she needs. This style of speech is called
Answer: A
Level: Medium
Page: 190
Skill: Applied
LO 5.7: Outline the processes by which children learn to use language.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Apply
5-82. What is the term that refers to a style of language use in which language is used primarily to convey feelings and needs related to oneself and others?
Answer: D
Level: Medium
Page: 190
Skill: Factual
LO 5.7: Outline the processes by which children learn to use language.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Remember
5-83. Mothers in the United States are partial to _________ style of speech, while mothers in Japan are partial to __________ style of speech.
Answer: D
Level: Difficult
Page: 190
Skill: Factual
LO 5.7: Outline the processes by which children learn to use language.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Remember
5-84. Melissa is teaching her baby to speak by learning the names of lots of familiar and different objects that the baby sees. Melissa is teaching a(n) __________ style of speech.
Answer: D
Level: Difficult
Page: 190
Skill: Applied
LO 5.7: Outline the processes by which children learn to use language.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Apply
5-85. Almost every time Baby Will articulates the word “da,” his father picks him up with joy, smiles, and praises his son for trying to say “dad.” The father’s behavior reinforces Will’s behavior, and this is an example of
Answer: A
Level: Medium
Page: 190-191
Skill: Applied
LO 5.8: Differentiate the major theories of language development.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Apply
5-86. What is the term for a theory that language acquisition follows the basic laws of reinforcement and conditioning?
Answer: B
Level: Difficult
Page: 190-191
Skill: Factual
LO 5.8: Differentiate the major theories of language development.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Remember
5-87. Who is the researcher that developed the “nativist approach” and “universal grammar” to explain how children learn their language skills?
Answer: C
Level: Medium
Page: 191
Skill: Factual
LO 5.8: Differentiate the major theories of language development.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Remember
5-88. What is the term for the theory that a genetically-determined, innate mechanism directs language development?
Answer: D
Level: Medium
Page: 191
Skill: Factual
LO 5.8: Differentiate the major theories of language development.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Remember
5-89. The concept that all of the world’s languages share a similar underlying structure was created by ________ and is called ________.
Answer: A
Level: Medium
Page: 191
Skill: Conceptual
LO 5.8: Differentiate the major theories of language development.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Understand
5-90. What is the term for a neural system of the brain hypothesized to permit understanding of language?
Answer: B
Level: Difficult
Page: 191
Skill: Factual
LO 5.8: Differentiate the major theories of language development.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Remember
5-91. Which of Chomsky’s concepts relates to how the human brain is uniquely and genetically predisposed to comprehend and produce language?
Answer: C
Level: Difficult
Page: 191
Skill: Conceptual
LO 5.8: Differentiate the major theories of language development.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Understand
5-92. Which theory of language acquisition combines several schools of thought to hypothesize that language development is produced through a combination of genetically predetermined predispositions and environmental circumstances that help teach language?
Answer: B
Level: Difficult
Page: 191
Skill: Factual
LO 5.8: Differentiate the major theories of language development.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Remember
5-93. The outdated term for infant-directed speech is
Answer: D
Level: Medium
Page: 192
Skill: Factual
LO 5.9: Describe how children influence adults’ language.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Remember
5-94. Which of the following is a type of speech directed toward infants, characterized by short, simple sentences?
Answer: A
Level: Difficult
Page: 192
Skill: Factual
LO 5.9: Describe how children influence adults’ language.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Remember
5-95. Rebecca wants her baby to stop playing and come across the room to her. Rebecca uses a short phrase such as “Come to Mommy” to prompt her baby. This is an example of
Answer: D
Level: Medium
Page: 192
Skill: Applied
LO 5.9: Describe how children influence adults’ language.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Apply
5-96. Piaget indicated infants should be provided with opportunities to explore the world. To accomplish this task, Piaget would suggest that
Answer: B
Level: Medium
Page: 184
Skill: Conceptual
LO 5.6: Explain how infant intelligence is measured using information processing approaches.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Understand
ESSAY QUESTIONS
5-97. Briefly discuss criticisms, if any, of Piaget’s theories.
Answer: Researchers question the stage conception of Piaget’s theory because they contend that development proceeds in a continuous fashion. Critics dispute Piaget’s notion that cognitive development is grounded in motor activities because it overlooks the importance of sensory and perceptual systems present from infancy. Recent studies cast doubt on Piaget’s view that infants are incapable of mastering the concept of object permanence until they are one year of age, due to the fact that the techniques used to test infants’ abilities were not sensitive enough. An infant’s inability to demonstrate object permanence may be attributed to memory deficits rather than to an inability to master object permanence. Recent studies suggest that infants are able to demonstrate other behavioral skills, such as imitating facial expressions hours after birth, which is something that Piaget did not promote because he believed infants could only imitate another’s behavior if the infant was able to view its own body parts. Piaget’s work has been criticized for being based upon Western cultural experience with an omission of a non-Western point of view.
Level: Difficult
Page: 173-175
Skill: Conceptual
LO 5.3: Summarize the arguments both in support of and critical of Piaget’s theory of cognitive development.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Understand
5-98. Briefly describe how the information processing approach is analogous to a computer.
Answer: Information processing approaches suggest that the process of encoding, storage, and retrieval are analogous to different parts of a computer. Encoding can be thought of as a computer’s keyboard, by which you would input the information. Storage is the computer’s hard drive, where knowledge is stored. Retrieval is analogous to software that accesses the information for display on the computer screen. Only when all three processes are operating can information be processed.
Level: Medium
Page: 176-177
Skill: Conceptual
LO 5.4: Describe how infants process information according to information processing approaches to cognitive development.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Understand
5-99. Briefly explain the differences in infant-directed speech in various cultures.
Answer: Although the words differ across languages, the way the words are spoken to infants is similar. Six of the ten most frequent major characteristics of speech directed at infants used by native speakers of English and Spanish are common to both languages: exaggerated intonation, high pitch, lengthened vowels, repetition, lower volume, and heavy stress on certain words. Deaf mothers use a form of infant-directed speech when communicating with their infants because they use sign language at a significantly slower tempo than when communicating with adults, and they frequently repeat the signs. The cross-cultural similarities in infant-directed speech are also great.
Level: Medium
Page: 193
Skill: Conceptual
LO 5.8: Differentiate the major theories of language development.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Understand
TRUE/FALSE
5-100. Piaget’s views of the ways infants learn could be summarized in a simple equation: action = knowledge.
Answer: True
Level: Easy
Page: 168
Skill: Conceptual
LO 5.1: Summarize the fundamental features of Piaget’s theory of cognitive development.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Understand
5-101. In Piaget’s view, a 4-month-old baby that consistently tries to put toys in its mouth, and bangs and throws objects around, is categorized as a difficult baby.
Answer: False
Level: Easy
Page: 169
Skill: Conceptual
LO 5.1: Summarize the fundamental features of Piaget’s theory of cognitive development.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Understand
5-102. Piaget thought that there is a period of transition in which some behavior reflects one stage, while other behavior reflects a more advanced stage.
Answer: True
Level: Medium
Page: 169
Skill: Factual
LO 5.2: Describe Piaget’s sensorimotor stage of cognitive development.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Remember
5-103. In Piaget’s sensorimotor stage, all infants reach a particular substage at the exact same time.
Answer: False
Level: Medium
Page: 169-170
Skill: Factual
LO 5.2: Describe Piaget’s sensorimotor stage of cognitive development.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Remember
5-104. There are no disputes or disagreements with Piaget’s theories.
Answer: False
Level: Easy
Page: 173-174
Skill: Factual
LO 5.3: Summarize the arguments both in support of and critical of Piaget’s theory of cognitive development.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Remember
5-105. Explicit and implicit memories emerge at the same rates and involve the same parts of the brain.
Answer: False
Level: Medium
Page: 179-180
Skill: Conceptual
LO 5.5: Describe the memory capabilities of infants their first two years of life.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Understand
REVEL QUIZ QUESTIONS
EOM Quiz Question 5.1.1
Piaget’s theory of cognitive development is based on a _______________ approach, in which development proceeds in a fixed order from birth.
Answer: A
Difficulty: 1
Topic: Piaget’s Approach to Cognitive Development
Skill: Factual
LO 5.1: Summarize the fundamental features of Piaget’s theory of cognitive development.
EOM Quiz Question 5.1.2
According to Piaget, ___________ is the process by which people understand an experience in terms of their current stage of cognitive development and way of thinking.
Answer: C
Difficulty: 1
Topic: Piaget’s Approach to Cognitive Development
Skill: Factual
LO 5.1: Summarize the fundamental features of Piaget’s theory of cognitive development.
EOM Quiz Question 5.1.3
The first stage of development, according to Piaget, is the _______________ stage.
Answer: B
Difficulty: 1
Topic: Piaget’s Approach to Cognitive Development
Skill: Factual
LO 5.2: Describe Piaget’s sensorimotor stage of cognitive development.
EOM Quiz Question 5.1.4
____________ is the realization that people and things exist even when they cannot be seen.
Answer: D
Difficulty: 1
Topic: Piaget’s Approach to Cognitive Development
Skill: Factual
LO 5.2: Describe Piaget’s sensorimotor stage of cognitive development.
EOM Quiz Question 5.1.5
Cognitive skills among children in _______________ cultures appear to emerge on a different timetable from children living in the United States and Europe.
Answer: A
Difficulty: 1
Topic: Piaget’s Approach to Cognitive Development
Skill: Factual
LO 5.3: Summarize the arguments both in support of and critical of Piaget’s theory of cognitive development.
EOM Quiz Question 5.2.1
___________________ approaches to cognitive development seek to identify the way that individuals take in, use, and store information.
Answer: D
Difficulty: 1
Topic: Information Processing Approaches to Cognitive Development
Skill: Factual
LO 5.4: Describe how infants process information according to information processing approaches to cognitive development.
EOM Quiz Question 5.2.2
The three basic aspects of information processing are encoding, storage, and __________.
Answer: B
Difficulty: 1
Topic: Information Processing Approaches to Cognitive Development
Skill: Factual
LO 5.4: Describe how infants process information according to information processing approaches to cognitive development.
EOM Quiz Question 5.2.3
The duration of infants’ _____________, the process in which they gather, hold, and access information, is controversial.
Answer: A
Difficulty: 1
Topic: Information Processing Approaches to Cognitive Development
Skill: Factual
LO 5.5: Describe the memory capabilities of infants their first two years of life.
EOM Quiz Question 5.2.4
_________ is the process by which material in memory storage is located, brought into awareness, and used.
Answer: C
Difficulty: 1
Topic: Information Processing Approaches to Cognitive Development
Skill: Factual
LO 5.5: Describe the memory capabilities of infants their first two years of life.
EOM Quiz Question 5.2.5
The _______ is an overall developmental score that relates to performance in motor skills, language use, adaptive behavior, and personal–social domains.
Answer: A
Difficulty: 1
Topic: Information Processing Approaches to Cognitive Development
Skill: Factual
LO 5.6: Describe how infant intelligence is measured using information processing approaches.
EOM Quiz Question 5.3.1
Language comprehension precedes language _____________.
Answer: B
Difficulty: 1
Topic: The Roots of Language
Skill: Factual
LO 5.7: Outline the processes by which children learn to use language.
EOM Quiz Question 5.3.2
_______________ communication begins with babbling, making speech-like but meaningless sounds around the age of two or three months.
Answer: C
Difficulty: 1
Topic: The Roots of Language
Skill: Factual
LO 5.7: Outline the processes by which children learn to use language.
EOM Quiz Question 5.3.3
Vocal utterances like “Now Ethan bus” and “Mommy drink” are examples of ____________ speech.
Answer: B
Difficulty: 1
Topic: The Roots of Language
Skill: Factual
LO 5.7: Outline the processes by which children learn to use language.
EOM Quiz Question 5.3.4
The ______________ perspective contends that language development is produced through a combination of genetically determined predispositions and environmental circumstances that help teach language.
Answer: A
Difficulty: 1
Topic: The Roots of Language
Skill: Factual
LO 5.8: Outline the major theories of language development.
EOM Quiz Question 5.3.5
_________________ speech is the style of speech directed toward infants that is characterized by short, simple sentences.
Answer: C
Difficulty: 1
Topic: The Roots of Language
Skill: Factual
LO 5.9: Describe how children influence adults’ language.
EOC Quiz Question 5.1
Which of Piaget’s stages is focused on cognitive development in infants?
Answer: B
Difficulty: 2
Topic: Piaget’s Approach to Cognitive Development
Skill: Conceptual
LO 5.1: Summarize the fundamental features of Piaget’s theory of cognitive development.
EOC Quiz Question 5.2
Using a computer system analogy, Piaget’s cognitive schemes are like the __________.
Answer: C
Difficulty: 1
Topic: Piaget’s Approach to Cognitive Development
Skill: Factual
LO 5.1: Summarize the fundamental features of Piaget’s theory of cognitive development.
EOC Quiz Question 5.3
According to Piaget’s sensorimotor substages, when are infants capable of representational thought?
Answer: D
Difficulty: 1
Topic: Piaget’s Approach to Cognitive Development
Skill: Conceptual
LO 5.2: Describe Piaget’s sensorimotor stage of cognitive development.
EOC Quiz Question 5.4
Five-year-old Brent loves to trick his baby sister Zoe by showing her a toy, then hiding it under a box. She thinks that it has ceased to exist, and he laughs. But one day Zoe knocks over the box and grabs the toy. Game over, Brent! Zoe has discovered __________.
Answer: D
Difficulty: 3
Topic: Piaget’s Approach to Cognitive Development
Skill: Applied
LO 5.2: Describe Piaget’s sensorimotor stage of cognitive development.
EOC Quiz Question 5.5
Robert Siegler’s “wave” theory of infant cognitive development is a response to criticism of Piaget’s emphasis on __________.
Answer: B
Difficulty: 2
Topic: Piaget’s Approach to Cognitive Development
Skill: Conceptual
LO 5.3: Summarize the arguments both in support of and critical of Piaget’s theory of cognitive development.
EOC Quiz Question 5.6
Which of the following lists the components of human information processing in the correct order?
Answer: B
Difficulty: 2
Topic: Information Processing Approaches to Cognitive Development
Skill: Conceptual
LO 5.4: Describe how infants process information according to information processing approaches to cognitive development.
EOC Quiz Question 5.7
According to information-processing theory, the act of placing information into memory is called __________.
Answer: B
Difficulty: 1
Topic: Information Processing Approaches to Cognitive Development
Skill: Factual
LO 5.4: Describe how infants process information according to information processing approaches to cognitive development.
EOC Quiz Question 5.8
What strategy can you use to ensure that a happy memory is never forgotten?
Answer: C
Difficulty: 3
Topic: Information Processing Approaches to Cognitive Development
Skill: Applied
LO 5.5: Describe the memory capabilities of infants their first two years of life.
EOC Quiz Question 5.9
Cognitive neuroscientists believe that the brain’s memory capacity is divided into two systems: __________.
Answer: C
Difficulty: 1
Topic: Information Processing Approaches to Cognitive Development
Skill: Factual
LO 5.5: Describe the memory capabilities of infants their first two years of life.
EOC Quiz Question 5.10
A child who scores 110 on the Bayley Scales would be considered __________ in terms of development.
Answer: C
Difficulty: 1
Topic: Information Processing Approaches to Cognitive Development
Skill: Factual
LO 5.6: Describe how infant intelligence is measured using information processing approaches.
EOC Quiz Question 5.11
Pearl’s son Sam is lagging behind his peers in daycare, so she took him to a psychologist to test his motor skills, adaptive behavior, personal-social skills, and use of language. This will produce a(n) __________ that compares Sam’s performance to the norm for his age group.
Answer: B
Difficulty: 3
Topic: Information Processing Approaches to Cognitive Development
Skill: Applied
LO 5.6: Describe how infant intelligence is measured using information processing approaches.
EOC Quiz Question 5.12
Human language is made up of basic sounds called __________.
Answer: A
Difficulty: 1
Topic: The Roots of Language
Skill: Factual
LO 5.7: Outline the processes by which children learn to use language.
EOC Quiz Question 5.13
Which perspective on the development of language is in step with the views of B.F. Skinner?
Answer: A
Difficulty: 2
Topic: The Roots of Language
Skill: Conceptual
LO 5.8: Outline the major theories of language development.
EOC Quiz Question 5.14
The theory that all languages share a similar underlying structure is called __________.
Answer: B
Difficulty: 1
Topic: The Roots of Language
Skill: Factual
LO 5.8: Outline the major theories of language development.
EOC Quiz Question 5.15
Luke is a 225-pound professional rugby player who normally sounds like Darth Vader. Yet when he talks to his baby daughter Rae, his voice takes on a higher pitch and a singsong quality. Why?
Answer: D
Difficulty: 3
Topic: The Roots of Language
Skill: Applied
LO 5.9: Describe how children influence adults’ language.
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Original price was: $30.00.$20.00Current price is: $20.00.
Original price was: $30.00.$20.00Current price is: $20.00.
Original price was: $30.00.$20.00Current price is: $20.00.
Original price was: $30.00.$20.00Current price is: $20.00.
Original price was: $30.00.$20.00Current price is: $20.00.
