Drugs Society And Human Behavior 17th Edition By Carl L. -Test Bank Instant Download - Complete Test Bank With Answers Sample Questions Are Posted Below Drugs, Society, & Behavior, 17e (Hart) Chapter 5 The Actions of Drugs 1) Most of our drugs originally came either directly or indirectly from: A) …
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Drugs Society And Human Behavior 17th Edition By Carl L. -Test Bank
Instant Download – Complete Test Bank With Answers
Sample Questions Are Posted Below
Drugs, Society, & Behavior, 17e (Hart)
Chapter 5 The Actions of Drugs
1) Most of our drugs originally came either directly or indirectly from:
Answer: B
Page Ref: 99
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2) The ________ of a drug specifies a particular formulation and manufacturer, and the trademark belongs to that manufacturer.
Answer: C
Page Ref: 100
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3) The group of psychoactive drugs called stimulants includes:
Answer: A
Page Ref: 101
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4) Among the psychoactive drugs, alcohol can be classified as a(n) ________.
Answer: D
Page Ref: 101
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5) ________ are a group of analgesic (painkilling) drugs that produce a relaxed, dreamlike state; moderately high doses often induce sleep.
Answer: B
Page Ref: 102
Bloom’s: Remember
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6) Richard is a researcher in a pharmaceutical company. His company develops a new drug to treat chronic joint pain in humans. He wants to check the effect of this drug on a group of elderly people. He divides the group into an experimental group and a control group. He gives the new drug to the experimental group, while he gives a noneffective look-alike drug to the control group. Both groups give the same result. Identify the effect felt by the control group, despite not taking the drug.
Answer: D
Page Ref: 103
Bloom’s: Apply
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7) The effects of a drug that depend on the presence of a chemical at certain concentrations in a target tissue are called ________.
Answer: C
Page Ref: 103
Bloom’s: Remember
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8) When neither the person taking the drug nor the person evaluating the effects of the drug knows which people are getting the experimental drug and which people are getting the placebo, this procedure is referred to as a(n) ________.
Answer: D
Page Ref: 103
Bloom’s: Remember
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9) The threshold on a dose-response curve is the:
Answer: B
Page Ref: 104
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10) Which of the following terms is defined as the dosage difference between an acceptable level of effectiveness and the lowest toxic dose?
Answer: A
Page Ref: 106
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11) With increasing doses of any useful drug, there is usually an increase in the number and severity of:
Answer: A
Page Ref: 106
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12) The potency of a drug is defined in terms of:
Answer: D
Page Ref: 106
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13) Which of the following statements is true of the potency of a drug?
Answer: A
Page Ref: 106
Bloom’s: Understand
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14) Which of the following would be a reason for a drug company not to pursue expensive clinical trails with a new drug?
Answer: D
Page Ref: 106
Bloom’s: Understand
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15) The time course of a drug’s action depends on:
Answer: D
Page Ref: 107
Bloom’s: Understand
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16) Regardless of the route of administration, psychoactive drugs reach the brain tissue by way of the ________.
Answer: C
Page Ref: 109
Bloom’s: Remember
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17) After oral administration, most absorption of the drug molecules takes place in the:
Answer: A
Page Ref: 110
Bloom’s: Remember
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18) If you want to get very high concentrations of cocaine to the brain very rapidly, which route of administration would you probably use?
Answer: D
Page Ref: 112
Bloom’s: Understand
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19) Of the following routes of administration, which will produce fastest onset of effects?
Answer: A
Page Ref: 113
Bloom’s: Remember
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20) Alcohol has a low tendency, but THC has a high tendency, to:
Answer: C
Page Ref: 114
Bloom’s: Remember
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21) The blood-brain barrier:
Answer: D
Page Ref: 114
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22) Concussions and cerebral infections can decrease the effectiveness of:
Answer: B
Page Ref: 115
Bloom’s: Remember
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23) Some drugs may act on all types of neurons by:
Answer: D
Page Ref: 115
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24) The most common way for drug molecules to be deactivated is by:
Answer: A
Page Ref: 116
Bloom’s: Remember
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25) If repeated exposure to a drug increases the activity of the CYP450 enzyme that is responsible for metabolizing that drug, then later doses will be less effective than the first few doses. This is an example of:
Answer: A
Page Ref: 117
Bloom’s: Understand
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26) ________ are defined as the drugs that are inactive until acted on by enzymes in the body.
Answer: A
Page Ref: 117
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27) When the use of a drug interferes with normal behavior, experienced users may learn to compensate and show less impairment than new users. This is an example of:
Answer: B
Page Ref: 118
Bloom’s: Understand
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28) A drug’s generic name can only be used by one company.
Answer: FALSE
Page Ref: 100
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29) Caffeine and cocaine are both considered to be stimulant drugs.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 101
Bloom’s: Remember
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30) The therapeutic index (TI) should always be lesser than 1 because the lethal dose should be larger than the effective dose.
Answer: FALSE
Page Ref: 106
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31) For most therapeutic effects, there is a maximum effect, and increasing the dose more just increases the number and severity of side effects.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 106
Bloom’s: Understand
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32) According to the text, inexperienced drug users should avoid taking a drug via a route that increases the drug’s potency.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 107
Bloom’s: Remember
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33) Most psychoactive drugs taken orally go directly from the stomach to the brain.
Answer: FALSE
Page Ref: 110
Bloom’s: Remember
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34) For many psychoactive drugs, such as nicotine and cocaine, the fastest way to get an effect is by inhaling the drug’s vapors.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 113
Bloom’s: Remember
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35) Because the effects of stimulants and depressants counteract each other, taking these drugs in combination does not produce intoxication.
Answer: FALSE
Page Ref: 116
Bloom’s: Understand
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36) What is the placebo effect? Describe some research techniques that have been developed to separate specific drug effects from placebo effects.
Answer: The placebo effect is an effect that does not depend on the presence of a specific chemical in the system. Double-blind procedures and dose-response curves are two ways of demonstrating specific drug effects.
Page Ref: 103-104
Bloom’s: Remember
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37) Explain why an experienced heroin user would most likely choose to smoke or inject the drug rather than taking it orally. Then explain why inexperienced users should initially be discouraged from these routes of administration.
Answer: An experienced heroin user will smoke or inject the drug because these routes produce a more intense high (because of a fast rate of onset) and less of the drug will be needed (because none will be metabolized by the stomach and/or liver). These routes are less safe for the inexperienced user because they have not built tolerance, and thus, small drug doses with a fast onset are more likely to produce toxic effects.
Page Ref: 107
Bloom’s: Understand
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38) Describe three factors that can influence the time course of the behavioral effect of a drug, and show that you understand how each factor influences the time course.
Answer: 1) Route of administration, 2) speed of absorption (both influence how fast the drug acts and how long it takes to reach its maximum effect), and 3) how the drug is eliminated (mainly influences how long it lasts). Other possible answers include protein binding, drug distribution (e.g., fat storage). Bonus: discussion of metabolism by CYP450 enzymes in the liver, drug disposition tolerance.
Page Ref: 109-117
Bloom’s: Understand
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39) There are many different routes by which drugs can be administered. Describe the pros and cons of the oral route versus the intravenous route.
Answer: Oral administration: pros are that it is simpler and relatively safer technique; cons are that absorption from gastrointestinal tract is slow and complicated by many factors.
Intravenous administration: pros include short onset of action, ability to deliver irritating material because the blood vessel walls are relatively insensitive; cons are that vein walls lose some elasticity over time and can eventually collapse, can introduce infection directly into bloodstream.
Page Ref: 110-113
Bloom’s: Remember
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40) Describe three mechanisms that might explain why an alcohol-dependent individual might have to take more of the drug to experience the same effects.
Answer: The three mechanisms are 1) drug disposition tolerance—use of a drug that increases a drug’s rate of metabolism or excretion, therefore requiring a greater dose to obtain the same result; 2) behavioral tolerance—individuals learn to adapt to the altered state and compensate for the impairment; and 3) pharmacodynamic tolerance—sensitivity of neurons to drug changes in an attempt by the brain to maintain its level of functioning within normal limits.
Page Ref: 117-118
Bloom’s: Understand
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