Human Biology 14 Edition By Sylvia Mader - Test Bank

Human Biology 14 Edition By Sylvia Mader – Test Bank

 

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Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

Chapter 05

Cardiovascular System: Heart and Blood Vessels

 

 

True / False Questions

1. Gas exchange is the only function of blood.
   FALSE

The blood has many functions, of which gas exchange is only one.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 05.01.02 Summarize the functions of the cardiovascular system.
Section: 05.01
Topic: Blood

 

Multiple Choice Questions

2. When comparing the cardiovascular system to a city, what is it similar to?
   A. roads
   B.  government building
   C.  grocery stores
   D.  waste recycling plant
   E.  power plant

The cardiovascular system is similar to the roads which transport goods between all of the other places in the city.

 

Blooms Level: 5. Evaluate
Learning Outcome: 05.01.02 Summarize the functions of the cardiovascular system.
Section: 05.01
Topic: Human Cardiovascular System

 

 

3. Which part of the body is often diseased in alcoholics due to exposure to alcohol?
   A. liver
   B.  stomach
   C.  kidneys
   D.  esophagus
   E.  large intestine

The liver is often diseased because the liver removes toxins and chemicals from the blood. Excessive amounts of alcohol removed by the liver often damages the liver tissue.

 

Blooms Level: 4. Analyze
Learning Outcome: 05.01.02 Summarize the functions of the cardiovascular system.
Section: 05.01
Topic: Human Cardiovascular System

4. What are the two components of the cardiovascular system?
   A. heart and blood vessels
   B.  arteries and heart
   C.  veins and heart
   D.  arteries and veins
   E.  capillaries and veins

The cardiovascular system consists of the heart and the blood vessels.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 05.01.01 Identify the two components of the cardiovascular system.
Section: 05.01
Topic: Human Cardiovascular System

 

 

 

True / False Questions

5. The cardiovascular system consists of the heart, blood vessels, and skeletal muscles.
   FALSE

Skeletal muscles are not considered part of the cardiovascular system.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 05.01.01 Identify the two components of the cardiovascular system.
Section: 05.01
Topic: Human Cardiovascular System

 

Multiple Choice Questions

6. The innermost layer of an artery is known as what?
   A. mesothelium
   B.  endothelium
   C.  exothelium
   D.  hyperthelium
   E.  hypothelium

The innermost layer of an artery is known as the endothelium.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 05.02.01 Describe the structure and function of the three types of blood vessels.
Section: 05.02
Topic: Blood Vessels

 

 

 

True / False Questions

7. The cardiovascular system is composed of the heart and the blood vessels.
   TRUE

It is true that the cardiovascular system is composed of the heart and the blood vessels.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 05.01.01 Identify the two components of the cardiovascular system.
Section: 05.01
Topic: Human Cardiovascular System

 

Multiple Choice Questions

8. Which of the following blood vessels are small, thin, and porous enough to exchange substances at the tissue level of organization?
   A. arterioles
   B.  capillaries
   C.  venules
   D.  small arteries
   E.  veins

Capillaries are narrow, microscopic tubes that are porous enough to allow for the exchange of substances at the tissue level of organization.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 05.02.01 Describe the structure and function of the three types of blood vessels.
Section: 05.02
Topic: Blood Vessels

 

 

9. What is the role of the lymphatic system associated with the cardiovascular system?
   A. collecting excess tissue fluids and returning it to the cardiovascular system
   B.  collecting excess tissue fluids and returning it to the urinary system
   C.  producing excess tissue fluids and returning it to the cardiovascular system
   D.  producing excess tissue fluids and returning it to the urinary system
   E.  prevention of infection

The key role of the lymphatic system as it is associated with the cardiovascular system is to collect excess tissue fluid and return it to the cardiovascular system.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 05.01.03 Explain the purpose of the lymphatic system in circulation.
Section: 05.01
Topic: Human Cardiovascular System

10. What structure within a capillary bed shunts blood from the arteriole to the venule?
    A. precapillary valve
    B.  endothelium
    C.  precapillary sphincter
    D.  pericardium
    E.  shunt valve

The precapillary sphincter shunts blood from the arteriole to the venule.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 05.02.02 Explain how blood flow is regulated in each of the three types of blood vessels.
Section: 05.02
Topic: Blood Vessels

 

 

11. Which body system will return excess tissue fluid to the cardiovascular system?
    A. lymphatic
    B.  urinary
    C.  neural
    D.  digestive
    E.  muscular

The lymphatic system returns excess tissue fluid to the cardiovascular system.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 05.01.03 Explain the purpose of the lymphatic system in circulation.
Section: 05.01
Topic: Human Cardiovascular System

12. When dissecting a specimen, Barry noticed that the arteries were thicker and more elastic than the veins. Why?
    A. Veins return blood to the heart against gravity.
    B.  Arteries contain a greater volume of blood.
    C.  Veins have valves.
    D.  Arteries are under greater pressure.
    E.  Arteries have less smooth muscle than veins.

Arteries are thicker and more elastic than veins because they are under greater pressure.

 

Blooms Level: 4. Analyze
Learning Outcome: 05.02.01 Describe the structure and function of the three types of blood vessels.
Section: 05.02
Topic: Blood Vessels

 

 

13. The excess fluid from the cardiovascular system that enters the lymphatic system is called _______.
    A. lymph
    B.  plasma
    C.  blood
    D.  tissue fluid
    E.  urine

Lymph is the excess fluid from the cardiovascular system that enters the lymphatic system.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 05.01.03 Explain the purpose of the lymphatic system in circulation.
Section: 05.01
Topic: Human Cardiovascular System

14. Elizabeth takes a prescription drug that dilates her arterioles. What does this do to her blood pressure? Why?
    A. It falls because this increases the cross-sectional area of the vessels.
    B.  It rises because this increases the cross-sectional area of the vessels.
    C.  It falls because this decreases the cross-sectional area of the vessels.
    D.  It rises because this decreases the cross-sectional area of the vessels.
    E.  It stays the same because venules, not arterioles, control blood pressure.

When arterioles dilate blood pressure falls because of the increase in the cross-sectional area of the vessels.

 

Blooms Level: 4. Analyze
Learning Outcome: 05.02.02 Explain how blood flow is regulated in each of the three types of blood vessels.
Section: 05.02
Topic: Blood Vessels

 

 

15. Which arterial structure enables it to resist the blood pressure?
    A. elastic tissue in the arterial wall
    B.  valves within artery
    C.  skeletal muscle within the arterial walls
    D.  precapillary sphincters
    E.  a wall composed only of endothelium

The elastic tissue in the arterial wall enables it to resist the blood pressure.  Arteries do not contain valves, they are in the veins.  The arteries do not contain skeletal muscle, instead they have smooth muscle.  Precapillary sphincters control the blood flow through a capillary bed.  Capillaries are the blood vessels that have a wall composed only of endothelium.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 05.02.02 Explain how blood flow is regulated in each of the three types of blood vessels.
Section: 05.02
Topic: Blood Vessels

 

True / False Questions

16. The walls of veins are thinner, so they cannot expand as greatly as arteries can.
    FALSE

The walls of veins are thinner, so they can expand to a greater extent than can arteries.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 05.02.01 Describe the structure and function of the three types of blood vessels.
Section: 05.02
Topic: Blood Vessels

 

 

 

Multiple Choice Questions

17. Choose the most correct statement concerning capillaries.
    A. Networks of capillaries are called capillary nets.
    B.  Almost all capillaries are open at the same time.
    C.  The only site of nutrient, gas exchange, and waste exchange is the capillaries.
    D.  Pre-capillary sphincters contract to increase capillary flow.
    E.  The walls of capillaries contain smooth muscle.

The only site of nutrient, gas exchange, and waste exchange is the capillaries.

 

Blooms Level: 4. Analyze
Learning Outcome: 05.02.01 Describe the structure and function of the three types of blood vessels.
Section: 05.02
Topic: Blood Vessels

18. What is the function of valves in the veins?
    A. increase the rate of blood flow
    B.  prevent the backward flow of blood
    C.  regulation of blood pressure
    D.  oxygenate the blood
    E.  remove debris from the blood

In the lower extremities, valves prevent the backflow of blood from occurring.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 05.02.01 Describe the structure and function of the three types of blood vessels.
Section: 05.02
Topic: Blood Vessels

 

 

19. At any one time, where is the majority of the blood found in the body?
    A. veins
    B.  lungs
    C.  lymphatic vessels
    D.  capillaries
    E.  arteries

Veins can serve as a blood reservoir, holding about 70% of the blood.

 

Blooms Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: 05.02.01 Describe the structure and function of the three types of blood vessels.
Section: 05.02
Topic: Blood Vessels

20. Dr. Ferguson explained that in a condition known as situs inversus, the internal organs are reversed in their orientation. Thus, the apex of the heart would be oriented to the ___.
    A. middle
    B.  right
    C.  left
    D.  front
    E.  back

Normally, the apex of the heart is tilted to the left. In situs inversus the apex of the heart is tilted to the right.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 05.03.01 Identify the structures and chambers of the human heart.
Section: 05.03
Topic: Heart

 

 

21. What is the name of the thick, membranous sac that surrounds and protects the heart?
    A. mesothelium
    B.  endothelium
    C.  pericardium
    D.  myocardium
    E.  epicardium

The pericardium is a thick, membranous sac that surrounds and protects the heart.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 05.03.01 Identify the structures and chambers of the human heart.
Section: 05.03
Topic: Heart

22. What are the upper chambers of the heart called?
    A. atria
    B.  auricles
    C.  AV valves
    D.  ventricles
    E.  septa

The atria are the upper collecting chambers of the heart.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 05.03.01 Identify the structures and chambers of the human heart.
Section: 05.03
Topic: Heart

 

 

23. What type of cell junctions are found in cardiac muscle tissue?
    A. atria and auricles
    B.  septae and chordae
    C.  intercalated disks
    D.  myocardium and pericardium
    E.  gap junctions and desmosomes

Gap junctions and desmosomes are types of cell junctions found in intercalated disks of the myocardium.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 05.03.01 Identify the structures and chambers of the human heart.
Section: 05.03
Topic: Heart

24. The right ventricle is to the pulmonary trunk as the left ventricle is to the ___________.
    A. aorta
    B.  superior vena cava
    C.  left pulmonary vein
    D.  inferior vena cava
    E.  left common carotid artery

The right ventricle pumps blood out through the pulmonary trunk. The left ventricle pumps blood out through the aorta.

 

Blooms Level: 4. Analyze
Learning Outcome: 05.03.02 Describe the flow of blood through the human heart.
Section: 05.03
Topic: Heart

 

 

25. What are the string-like structures in the heart that anchor the valves?
    A.cingulated pectorale
    B. chordae tendinae
    C. corpus albicans
    D. corpus callosum
    E. choroid plexus

The chordae tendinae are strong fibrous strings that serve to anchor the valves of the heart.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 05.03.01 Identify the structures and chambers of the human heart.
Section: 05.03
Topic: Heart

26. During open heart surgery, the first heart structure that would be cut into is the _____________.
    A. myocardium
    B.  left ventricle
    C.  pericardium
    D.  right ventricle
    E.  left atrium

The heart is surrounded by a thick, membranous sac called the pericardium that would have to be cut through to reach the heart.

 

Blooms Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: 05.03.01 Identify the structures and chambers of the human heart.
Section: 05.03
Topic: Heart

 

 

27. A hospital laboratory technician injects a dye into a vein in your right arm. What is the first chamber of the heart that the dye will reach?
    A. right atrium
    B.  left atrium
    C.  right ventricle
    D.  left ventricle
    E.  aorta

The veins from the body empty into the right atrium. Blood flow then enters the right ventricle, pulmonary arteries, lungs, pulmonary veins, left atrium, left ventricle, and leaves the heart through the aorta.

 

Blooms Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: 05.03.02 Describe the flow of blood through the human heart.
Section: 05.03
Topic: Heart

28. Blood leaves which chamber of the heart to enter the lungs?
    A. right atrium
    B.  left atrium
    C.  right ventricle
    D.  left ventricle
    E.  aorta

Blood leaves the right ventricle and enters the lungs.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 05.03.02 Describe the flow of blood through the human heart.
Section: 05.03
Topic: Heart

 

29. If the semilunar valve was blocked, where would blood accumulate?
    A. lungs
    B.  right atrium
    C.  left atrium
    D.  right ventricle
    E.  left ventricle

The left ventricle contracts, sending blood through the semilunar valve into the aorta.   If the valve was blocked, the blood would back up in the left ventricle.

 

Blooms Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: 05.03.02 Describe the flow of blood through the human heart.
Section: 05.03
Topic: Heart

30. The “lub” sound of the “lub-dup” heart beat is due to what?
    A. the closing of the AV valves
    B.  the closing of the semilunar valves
    C.  the right atrium contracting
    D.  the left atrium contracting
    E.  the relaxation of both atria

The “lub” occurs when increasing pressure of blood inside a ventricle forces the cusps of the AV valves to slam shut.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 05.03.03 Explain the internal and external controls of the heartbeat.
Section: 05.03
Topic: Heart

 

True / False Questions

31. The cardiac muscle is supplied with nutrients from the blood within the heart itself.
    FALSE

The cardiac muscle receives oxygen and nutrients from the coronary arteries.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 05.03.02 Describe the flow of blood through the human heart.
Section: 05.03
Topic: Heart

 

 

 

Multiple Choice Questions

32. Which of the following heart tissues is not part of the internal conduction system of the heart?
    A. atrioventricular bundle
    B.  atrioventricular node
    C.  Purkinje fibers
    D.  sinoatrial node
    E.  semilunar valve

Only the semilunar valve is not involved in the internal conduction system of the heart.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 05.03.03 Explain the internal and external controls of the heartbeat.
Section: 05.03
Topic: Heart

33. What is considered the pacemaker of the heart?
    A. medulla oblongata
    B.  the sinoatrial node
    C.  the atrioventricular node
    D.  Purkinje fibers
    E.  atrioventricular bundle

The sinoatrial node is called the pacemaker because it regulates heartbeat.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 05.03.03 Explain the internal and external controls of the heartbeat.
Section: 05.03
Topic: Heart

 

 

34. Which part of the brain contains the cardiac control center?
    A. cerebrum
    B.  medulla oblongata
    C.  cerebellum
    D.  pons
    E.  frontal lobe

The medulla oblongata contains the cardiac control center.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 05.03.03 Explain the internal and external controls of the heartbeat.
Section: 05.03
Topic: Human Cardiovascular System

35. Lisa receives a dose of epinephrine.  What does this do to her heart rate?
    A. increases it
    B.  decreases it
    C.  stops it
    D.  does not alter it
    E.  makes it skip every other beat

Epinephrine stimulates the heart to beat faster.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 05.03.03 Explain the internal and external controls of the heartbeat.
Section: 05.03
Topic: Heart

 

 

36. What does an ECG record?
    A. brain activity
    B.  blood volume
    C.  heart sounds
    D.  hormonal changes
    E.  electrical changes

An electrocardiogram (ECG) is a recording of the electrical changes that occur in myocardium during a cardiac cycle.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 05.03.03 Explain the internal and external controls of the heartbeat.
Section: 05.03
Topic: Heart

37. Tina’s heart began to beat much faster when it came to the scary scene in the movie. Which part of the nervous system causes the heart to beat faster when afraid?
    A. peripheral
    B.  parasympathetic
    C.  somatic
    D.  sympathetic
    E.  axial

The sympathetic nervous system causes the heart to beat faster in responses associated with “fight or flight.”

 

Blooms Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: 05.03.03 Explain the internal and external controls of the heartbeat.
Section: 05.03
Topic: Heart

 

 

38. If your pulse is 70 beats per minute, how fast is your heart beating?
    A. 140 beats per minute
    B.  35 beats per minute
    C.  70 beats per minute
    D.  120 beats per minute
    E.  80 beats per minute

Normally, the pulse rate indicates the heart rate because the arterial walls pulse whenever the left ventricle contracts.

 

Blooms Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: 05.04.01 Understand how the pulse relates to the heart.
Section: 05.04
Topic: Blood Vessels

39. Which of the following could be used to take a pulse?
    A. radial vein
    B.  radial artery
    C.  inferior vena cava
    D.  superior vena cava
    E.  renal capillaries

It is customary to feel the pulse by placing several fingers on the radial artery.  The rhythmic expansion and recoil of an arterial wall can be felt as a pulse in any artery that runs close to the body’s surface.

 

Blooms Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: 05.04.02 Explain how blood pressure differs in veins, arteries, and capillaries.
Section: 05.04
Topic: Blood Vessels

 

 

40. Mrs. Hinson was informed that her blood pressure was 150/95. These numbers indicate that she has __________.
    A. normal blood pressure
    B.  prehypertension
    C.  hypotension
    D.  stage 1 hypertension
    E.  stage 2 hypertension

Stage 1 hypertension has a systolic number between 140 and 159, and a diastolic number between 90 and 99.

 

Blooms Level: 4. Analyze
Learning Outcome: 05.04.03 Distinguish between systolic and diastolic pressure.
Section: 05.04
Topic: Human Cardiovascular System

41. What is the instrument called that is used to measure blood pressure?
    A. stethoscope
    B.  CPR
    C.  sphygmomanometer
    D.  ECG
    E.  AED

A sphygmomanometer is an instrument used to measure blood pressure.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 05.04.03 Distinguish between systolic and diastolic pressure.
Section: 05.04
Topic: Human Cardiovascular System

 

 

 

True / False Questions

42. A blood pressure of 90/40 is considered normal.
    FALSE

This would be considered hypotension.  Normal blood pressure is 120/80.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 05.04.03 Distinguish between systolic and diastolic pressure.
Section: 05.04
Topic: Human Cardiovascular System

43. Diastolic pressure is when the heart atria are relaxing.
    FALSE

False, the diastolic pressure is when the heart ventricles are relaxing.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 05.04.02 Explain how blood pressure differs in veins, arteries, and capillaries.
Section: 05.04
Topic: Human Cardiovascular System

 

 

 

Multiple Choice Questions

44. A person who sits for hours on a long airplane flight will have problems will blood pooling below the knees. Why?
    A. The valves in the leg veins don’t work above a certain altitude.
    B.  Blood pressure drops on long airplane flights.
    C.  The respiratory pump is not helping blood return to the heart.
    D.  The capillaries expand at high altitudes.
    E.  The skeletal muscle pump below the knees is not helping blood return to the heart.

The skeletal muscle pump functions every time a muscle contracts.  If the person is not moving, the muscles do not contract, and the blood pools in the lower extremities.

 

Blooms Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: 05.04.01 Understand how the pulse relates to the heart.
Section: 05.04
Topic: Human Cardiovascular System

45. Normal blood pressure is 120/80.  What is the top number called and what is happening in the heart?
    A. systolic pressure, ejection of blood from the heart
    B.  diastolic pressure, ejection of blood from the heart
    C.  systolic pressure, ventricles are relaxing
    D.  diastolic pressure, ventricles are relaxing
    E.  diastolic pressure, atria are contracting, ventricles are relaxing

The highest arterial pressure is the top number, called the systolic pressure.  This is reached during ejection of blood from the heart.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 05.04.02 Explain how blood pressure differs in veins, arteries, and capillaries.
Section: 05.04
Topic: Blood Vessels

 

 

46. Where in the body is blood pressure the highest?
    A. superior vena cava
    B.  aorta
    C.  inferior vena cava
    D.  lung capillaries
    E.  renal capillaries

Blood pressure is highest in the aorta.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 05.04.01 Understand how the pulse relates to the heart.
Section: 05.04
Topic: Blood Vessels

47. Blood pressure ______ with distance from the left ventricle while the total cross-sectional area of the blood vessels __________.
    A. decreases, increases
    B.  increases, decreases
    C.  stays the same, decreases
    D.  stays the same, increases
    E.  decreases, stays the same

Blood pressure decreases with distance from the left ventricle because the total cross-sectional area of the blood vessels increases.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 05.04.01 Understand how the pulse relates to the heart.
Section: 05.04
Topic: Blood Vessels

 

 

48. Why does blood move slower in the capillaries compared to the arterioles?
    A. Capillaries are much wider than arterioles.
    B.  Blood pressure is much higher in capillaries than in arterioles.
    C.  There are many more capillaries than arterioles.
    D.  Precapillary sphincters close shunting blood into capillaries.
    E.  Capillaries are present in muscles while arterioles are not.

There are many more capillaries than arterioles and the increase in cross-sectional area causes a decrease in blood flow.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 05.04.01 Understand how the pulse relates to the heart.
Section: 05.04
Topic: Blood Vessels

 

True / False Questions

49. Blood pressure plays a major role in returning venous blood to the heart.
    FALSE

Blood pressure plays only a small role in returning venous blood to the heart.  Venous return is dependent on the skeletal muscle pump, the respiratory pump, and valves in veins.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 05.04.01 Understand how the pulse relates to the heart.
Section: 05.04
Topic: Blood Vessels

 

 

 

Multiple Choice Questions

50. What is the largest artery in the systemic circuit?
    A. femoral
    B.  carotid
    C.  pulmonary
    D.  hepatic
    E.  aorta

The aorta is the largest artery in the systemic circuit.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 05.05.02 Identify the major arteries and veins of both the pulmonary and the systemic circuits.
Section: 05.05
Topic: Blood Vessels

51. Which blood vessel will supply oxygenated blood directly to the femoral artery?
    A. common iliac artery
    B.  femoral vein
    C.  aorta
    D.  common iliac vein
    E.  inferior vena cava

The common iliac artery will directly supply oxygenated blood to the femoral vein.  This blood then goes to the lower leg capillaries which then go to the lower leg veins which then go to the femoral vein which then go to the common iliac vein which then empties into the inferior vena cava.  The aorta supplies oxygenated blood to the common iliac artery.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 05.05.02 Identify the major arteries and veins of both the pulmonary and the systemic circuits.
Section: 05.05
Topic: Blood Vessels

 

 

52. What system drains blood from the capillary beds of the digestive tract to a capillary bed in the liver?
    A. cephalic
    B.  hepatic portal
    C.  coronary
    D.  celiac
    E.  lymphatic

The hepatic portal system drains blood from the capillary beds of the digestive tract to a capillary bed in the liver.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 05.05.04 Explain the location and purpose of the hepatic portal system.
Section: 05.05
Topic: Blood Vessels

53. Which of the following is the largest artery of the systemic circuit?
    A. aorta
    B.  vena cava
    C.  femoral artery
    D.  carotid artery
    E.  pulmonary artery

The aorta is the largest artery of the systemic circuit.  The vena cava is a vein of the systemic circuit.  The femoral artery and carotid artery are not as large as the aorta.  The pulmonary artery is part of the pulmonary circuit.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 05.05.02 Identify the major arteries and veins of both the pulmonary and the systemic circuits.
Section: 05.05
Topic: Blood Vessels

 

 

54. Which chamber of the heart pumps blood into the pulmonary circuit?
    A. right atrium
    B.  right ventricle
    C.  left atrium
    D.  left ventricle
    E.  aorta

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 05.05.01 Compare blood flow in the pulmonary and systemic circuits.
Section: 05.05
Topic: Blood Vessels

55. Which blood vessel will have the greatest amount of oxygen?
    A. femoral artery
    B.  pulmonary artery
    C.  vena cava
    D.  jugular
    E.  all of these are equal

The femoral artery is the only blood vessel listed that carries oxygenated blood.  The pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs.  The vena cava carries deoxygenated blood to the heart and the jugular carries deoxygenated blood from the brain to the vena cava.

 

Blooms Level: 4. Analyze
Learning Outcome: 05.05.03 Compare the oxygen content of the blood in the arteries and veins of the pulmonary and systemic circuits.
Section: 05.05
Topic: Blood Vessels

 

 

 

True / False Questions

56. The systemic circuit contains more blood at any one time than does the pulmonary circuit.
    TRUE

The systemic circuit is a much larger circuit and contains many more blood vessels.  It contains more blood than does the pulmonary circuit.

 

Blooms Level: 4. Analyze
Learning Outcome: 05.05.01 Compare blood flow in the pulmonary and systemic circuits.
Section: 05.05
Topic: Blood

 

Multiple Choice Questions

57. Which blood vessel of the pulmonary circuit will carry deoxygenated blood?
    A. pulmonary artery
    B.  pulmonary vein
    C.  vena cava
    D.  aorta
    E.  all of these carry deoxygenated blood

The pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs.  The pulmonary veins carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart.  The vena cava is not part of the pulmonary circuit.  The aorta is not part of the pulmonary circuit and carries oxygenated blood.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 05.05.03 Compare the oxygen content of the blood in the arteries and veins of the pulmonary and systemic circuits.
Section: 05.05
Topic: Blood Vessels

 

 

 

True / False Questions

58. The blood from the digestive tract travels through two different veins before reaching the inferior vena cava.
    TRUE

The blood from the digestive tract travels through the hepatic portal vein and the hepatic vein before reaching the inferior vena cava.

 

Blooms Level: 5. Evaluate
Learning Outcome: 05.05.04 Explain the location and purpose of the hepatic portal system.
Section: 05.05
Topic: Blood Vessels

59. The hepatic portal vein carries blood from the liver to the digestive tract.
    FALSE

False, the hepatic portal vein carries blood from the digestive tract to the liver.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 05.05.04 Explain the location and purpose of the hepatic portal system.
Section: 05.05
Topic: Blood Vessels

60. At the arterial end of a capillary, blood pressure is more important than osmotic pressure to cause water to exit the capillary.
    TRUE

It is true that at the arterial end of a capillary, blood pressure is more important than osmotic pressure to cause water to exit the capillary.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 05.06.01 Describe the processes that move materials across the walls of a capillary.
Section: 05.06
Topic: Blood Vessels

 

 

Multiple Choice Questions

61. In the pulmonary circuit, veins carry oxygen-____ blood, and in the systemic circuit, veins carry oxygen-_____ blood.
    A. rich, rich
    B.  poor, poor
    C.  rich, poor
    D.  poor, rich

In the pulmonary circuit, the pulmonary veins carry oxygen-rich blood to the lungs.  In the systemic circuit, veins carry oxygen-poor blood back to the heart.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 05.05.01 Compare blood flow in the pulmonary and systemic circuits.
Section: 05.05
Topic: Blood Vessels

62. What happens to the excess fluid that leaves the capillaries at the venous end?
    A. The excess fluid is collected in the lymphatic capillaries.
    B.  There is no excess fluid, 100% always returns to the capillary beds.
    C.  The excess fluid is excreted by the kidneys.
    D.  The excess fluid is reabsorbed by the intestines.
    E.  The excess fluid will accumulate in the cells causing them to rupture.

The excess fluid is collected in the lymphatic capillaries.  There is always some fluid left over since 100% does not return to the venous capillaries.  It is not excreted or reabsorbed by the kidneys.  It doesn’t accumulate in the cells causing them to rupture.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 05.06.02 Explain what happens to the excess fluid that leaves the capillaries.
Section: 05.06
Topic: Blood Vessels

 

 

 

True / False Questions

63. All veins carry oxygen-poor blood.
    FALSE

The pulmonary veins carry oxygen-rich blood so this is not a true statement.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 05.05.03 Compare the oxygen content of the blood in the arteries and veins of the pulmonary and systemic circuits.
Section: 05.05
Topic: Blood Vessels

 

Short Answer Questions

64. Describe the 4 functions of the cardiovascular system.
65. Contractions of the heart generate blood pressure which moves blood through the blood vessels.
    2. Blood vessels transport blood from the heart to the arteries, capillaries, and veins.  Blood then returns to the heart.
    3. Gas exchange occurs in the capillaries.
    4. Regulation of blood flow according to the needs of the body.

 

Blooms Level: 6. Create
Learning Outcome: 05.01.02 Summarize the functions of the cardiovascular system.
Section: 05.01
Topic: Human Cardiovascular System

 

 

 

Multiple Choice Questions

65. If fluid is leaving a capillary and entering the tissue, which of the following statements is true?
    A. Red blood cells are able to leave the capillary.
    B.  Plasma proteins are able to leave the capillary.
    C.  Blood pressure is higher than osmotic pressure.
    D.  This is the venous end of the capillary.
    E.  The net pressure is in.

At the arterial end of the capillary, blood pressure is higher than osmotic pressure, and tissue fluid leaves the capillary and enters the tissue.

 

Blooms Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: 05.06.01 Describe the processes that move materials across the walls of a capillary.
Section: 05.06
Topic: Blood Vessels

 

Short Answer Questions

66. Compare the structure and function of the arteries to that of the veins.

Arteries are blood vessels that transport blood away from the heart.  With the exception of the pulmonary artery, they carry oxygenated blood.  They have three layers:  the innermost is a thin layer called the endothelium, the middle is a thick layer of smooth muscle and elastic tissue, the outer layer is connective tissue.  The elastic tissue enables it to withstand the pressure of the blood flow.
Veins are blood vessels that transport blood to the heart.  With the exception of the pulmonary vein, they carry deoxygenated blood.  They have three layers in their walls as well.  The main difference is that there is less smooth muscle in the middle layer and less connective tissue in the outer layer.  The wall of a vein is thinner than that of an artery.

 

Blooms Level: 6. Create
Learning Outcome: 05.02.01 Describe the structure and function of the three types of blood vessels.
Section: 05.02
Topic: Blood Vessels

 

 

 

True / False Questions

67. Tissue fluid leaving the arterial end of the capillary is balanced by tissue fluid entering the venous end of the capillary.
    FALSE

Some tissue fluid does not re-enter the capillary and is collected by the lymphatic system.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 05.06.02 Explain what happens to the excess fluid that leaves the capillaries.
Section: 05.06
Topic: Human Cardiovascular System

 

Short Answer Questions

68. Trace the path of blood flow through the heart and lungs, starting with the superior and inferior vena cava.

Blood enters the heart through the superior and inferior vena cava – right atrium – atrioventicular valve – right ventricle – pulmonary semilunar valve – pulmonary trunk – pulmonary arteries – lungs – pulmonary veins – left atrium – atrioventricular valve – left ventircle – aortic semilunar valve – aorta.

 

Blooms Level: 6. Create
Learning Outcome: 05.03.02 Describe the flow of blood through the human heart.
Section: 05.03
Topic: Heart

 

 

 

True / False Questions

69. Tissue fluid contains lower amounts of protein than does plasma.
    TRUE

Tissue fluid tends to contain all components of plasma, except much lower amounts of proteins, which are too large to readily pass out of the capillary.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 05.06.02 Explain what happens to the excess fluid that leaves the capillaries.
Section: 05.06
Topic: Human Cardiovascular System

 

Multiple Choice Questions

70. If a person is dehydrated, how will this affect nutrient exchange at the capillaries?
    A. It will have no effect.
    B.  Water will not leave the arterial end of the capillary and enter the tissues.
    C.  Oxygen will not leave the capillary and enter the tissues.
    D.  Carbon dioxide will not leave the tissues and enter the capillary.
    E.  Plasma proteins will be able to leave the capillary and enter the tissues.

If a person is dehydrated, this will increase their osmotic pressure (more solutes dissolved in the liquid fraction of the blood).  This would result in less water leaving the capillaries and entering the tissues.

 

Blooms Level: 5. Evaluate
Learning Outcome: 05.06.01 Describe the processes that move materials across the walls of a capillary.
Section: 05.06
Topic: Human Cardiovascular System

 

 

71. What is the bursting of a blood vessel called?
    A. embolus
    B.  aneurysm
    C.  thrombus
    D.  myocardial infarction
    E.  stroke

An aneurysm is another name for a ballooning or bulging of a blood vessel.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 05.07.01 Explain the underlying causes of cardiovascular disease in humans.
Section: 05.07
Topic: Human Cardiovascular System

72. The American Heart Association recommends a diet low in saturated fat and cholesterol to prevent which disease?
    A. hypotension
    B.  aneurysm
    C.  hypertension
    D.  atherosclerosis
    E.  infarction

The AHA recommends such a diet to prevent the onset and development of atherosclerosis.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 05.07.01 Explain the underlying causes of cardiovascular disease in humans.
Section: 05.07
Topic: Human Cardiovascular System

 

 

73. Which of the following activities is not recommended for prevention of cardiovascular disease?
    A. Know your cholesterol level.
    B.  Take antioxidant vitamins (A, E, and C).
    C.  Raise the LDL intake.
    D.  Use olive and canola oil rather than butter/cream.
    E.  Exercise moderately.

Raising the low density lipoprotein level (LDL) is not recommended for the prevention of cardiovascular disease.

 

Blooms Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: 05.07.02 Summarize how advances in medicine can treat cardiovascular disorders.
Section: 05.07
Topic: Human Cardiovascular System

 

True / False Questions

74. Generally, there are no symptoms of hypertension.
    TRUE

Hypertension is sometimes called a silent killer, because there are no symptoms present.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 05.07.02 Summarize how advances in medicine can treat cardiovascular disorders.
Section: 05.07
Topic: Human Cardiovascular System

 

 

 

Multiple Choice Questions

75. What drug may protect against having a first heart attack?
    A. acetominophen
    B.  aspirin
    C.  ACE
    D.  t-PA
    E.  beta-blockers

There is evidence that aspirin protects against first heart attacks.

 

Blooms Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: 05.07.02 Summarize how advances in medicine can treat cardiovascular disorders.
Section: 05.07
Topic: Human Cardiovascular System

76. What is a stent?
    A. a cylinder of expandable metal mesh
    B.  time spent in recovery after coronary bypass surgery
    C.  a treatment for phlebitis
    D.  an instrument that regulates the heartbeat
    E.  a treatment to lower blood pressure

A stent is a cylinder of expandable metal mesh that is positioned inside a coronary artery.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 05.07.02 Summarize how advances in medicine can treat cardiovascular disorders.
Section: 05.07
Topic: Human Cardiovascular System

 

 

77. Which of the following is not a symptom of a heart attack?
    A. feeling of pressure in the chest
    B.  dizziness
    C.  nausea and vomiting
    D.  diarrhea
    E.  shortness of breath

All are symptoms of a heart attack except for diarrhea.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 05.07.01 Explain the underlying causes of cardiovascular disease in humans.
Section: 05.07
Topic: Human Cardiovascular System