Human Biology 15 Edition By Sylvia Mader - Test Bank
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Human Biology 15 Edition By Sylvia Mader - Test Bank

Human Biology 15 Edition By Sylvia Mader - Test Bank   Instant Download - Complete Test Bank With Answers     Sample Questions Are Posted Below   Chapter 05: Test Bank   Student: ___________________________________________________________________________   Gas exchange is the only function of blood.   True False   When comparing the cardiovascular system to a city, …

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Human Biology 15 Edition By Sylvia Mader – Test Bank

 

Instant Download – Complete Test Bank With Answers

 

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

Chapter 05: Test Bank

 

Student: ___________________________________________________________________________

 

  1. Gas exchange is the only function of blood.

 

True False

 

  1. When comparing the cardiovascular system to a city, what is it similar to?

 

 

  1. roads

 

  1. government building

 

  1. grocery stores

 

  1. waste recycling plant

 

  1. power plant

 

  1. Which part of the body is often diseased in alcoholics due to exposure to alcohol?

 

 

  1. liver

 

  1. stomach

 

  1. kidneys

 

  1. esophagus

 

  1. large intestine

 

  1. What are the two components of the cardiovascular system?

 

 

  1. heart and blood vessels

 

  1. arteries and heart

 

  1. veins and heart

 

  1. arteries and veins

 

  1. capillaries and veins

 

  1. The cardiovascular system consists of the heart, blood vessels, and skeletal muscles.

 

True False

 

  1. The innermost layer of an artery is known as what?

 

 

  1. mesothelium

 

  1. endothelium

 

  1. exothelium

 

  1. hyperthelium

 

  1. hypothelium

 

  1. The cardiovascular system is composed of the heart and the blood vessels.

 

True False

 

  1. Which of the following blood vessels are small, thin, and porous enough to exchange substances at the tissue level of organization?

 

 

  1. arterioles

 

  1. capillaries

 

  1. venules

 

  1. small arteries

 

  1. veins

 

  1. What is the role of the lymphatic system with respect to the cardiovascular system?

 

 

  1. collecting excess tissue fluids and returning them to the cardiovascular system

 

  1. collecting excess tissue fluids and returning them to the urinary system

 

  1. producing excess tissue fluids and returning them to the cardiovascular system

 

  1. producing excess tissue fluids and returning them to the urinary system

 

  1. prevention of infection

 

  1. What structure within a capillary bed controls shunting of blood from the arteriole to the venule?

 

 

  1. precapillary valve

 

  1. endothelium

 

  1. precapillary sphincter

 

  1. pericardium

 

  1. shunt valve

 

  1. Which body system will return excess tissue fluid to the cardiovascular system?

 

 

  1. lymphatic

 

  1. urinary

 

  1. neural

 

  1. digestive

 

  1. muscular

 

  1. When dissecting a specimen, Barry noticed that the arteries were thicker and more elastic than the veins. Why?

 

  1. Veins return blood to the heart against gravity.

 

  1. Arteries contain a greater volume of blood.

 

  1. Veins have valves.

 

  1. Arteries are under greater pressure.

 

  1. Arteries have less smooth muscle than veins.

 

  1. The excess fluid from the cardiovascular system that enters the lymphatic system is called _____.

 

 

  1. lymph

 

  1. plasma

 

  1. blood

 

  1. tissue fluid

 

  1. urine

 

  1. Elizabeth takes a prescription drug that dilates her arterioles. What does this do to her blood pressure? Why?

 

 

  1. It falls because this increases the cross-sectional area of the vessels.

 

  1. It rises because this increases the cross-sectional area of the vessels.

 

  1. It falls because this decreases the cross-sectional area of the vessels.

 

  1. It rises because this decreases the cross-sectional area of the vessels.

 

  1. It stays the same because venules, not arterioles, control blood pressure.

 

  1. Which arterial property enables it to resist the blood pressure?

 

 

  1. elastic tissue in the arterial wall

 

  1. valves within an artery

 

  1. skeletal muscle within the arterial walls

 

  1. precapillary sphincters

 

  1. a wall composed only of endothelium

 

  1. The walls of veins are thinner, so they cannot expand as greatly as arteries can.

 

True False

 

  1. Choose the most correct statement concerning capillaries.

 

 

  1. Networks of capillaries are called capillary nets.

 

  1. Almost all capillaries are open at the same time.

 

  1. The site of nutrients, gas exchange, and waste exchange is the capillaries.

 

  1. Precapillary sphincters contract to increase capillary flow.

 

  1. The walls of capillaries contain smooth muscle.

 

  1. What is the function of valves in the veins?

 

 

  1. increase the rate of blood flow

 

  1. prevent the backward flow of blood

 

  1. regulate blood pressure

 

  1. oxygenate the blood

 

  1. remove debris from the blood

 

  1. At any one time, where is the majority of the blood found in the body?

 

 

  1. veins

 

  1. lungs

 

  1. lymphatic vessels

 

  1. capillaries

 

  1. arteries

 

  1. Ferguson explained that in a condition known as situs inversus, the internal organs are reversed in their orientation. Thus, the apex of the heart would be oriented to the _____.

 

 

  1. middle

 

  1. right

 

  1. left

 

  1. front

 

  1. back

 

  1. What is the name of the thick, membranous sac that surrounds and protects the heart?

 

 

  1. mesothelium

 

  1. endothelium

 

  1. pericardium

 

  1. myocardium

 

  1. epicardium

 

  1. What are the upper chambers of the heart called?

 

 

  1. atria

 

  1. auricles

 

  1. AV valves

 

  1. ventricles

 

  1. septa

 

  1. What type of cell junctions are found in cardiac muscle tissue?

 

 

  1. atria and auricles

 

  1. septae and chordae

 

  1. intercalated disks

 

  1. myocardium and pericardium

 

  1. gap junctions and desmosomes

 

  1. The right ventricle is to the pulmonary trunk as the left ventricle is to the _____.

 

 

  1. aorta

 

  1. superior vena cava

 

  1. left pulmonary vein

 

  1. inferior vena cava

 

  1. left common carotid artery

 

  1. What are the string-like structures in the heart that anchor the atrioventricular valves?

 

 

  1. cingulated pectorale

 

  1. chordae tendineae

 

  1. corpus albicans

 

  1. corpus callosum

 

  1. choroid plexus

 

  1. During open-heart surgery, the first heart structure that would be cut into is the _____.

 

 

  1. myocardium

 

  1. left ventricle

 

  1. pericardium

 

  1. right ventricle

 

  1. left atrium

 

  1. A hospital laboratory technician injects a dye into a vein in your right arm. What is the first chamber of the heart that the dye will reach?

 

 

  1. right atrium

 

  1. left atrium

 

  1. right ventricle

 

  1. left ventricle

 

  1. aorta

 

  1. Blood leaves which chamber of the heart to enter the lungs?

 

 

  1. right atrium

 

  1. left atrium

 

  1. right ventricle

 

  1. left ventricle

 

  1. aorta

 

  1. If the left semilunar valve were blocked, where would blood accumulate?

 

 

  1. lungs

 

  1. right atrium

 

  1. left atrium

 

  1. right ventricle

 

  1. left ventricle

 

  1. The “lub” sound of the “lub-dub” heartbeat is due to what?

 

 

  1. the closing of the AV valves

 

  1. the closing of the semilunar valves

 

  1. the right atrium contracting

 

  1. the left atrium contracting

 

  1. the relaxation of both atria

 

  1. The cardiac muscle is supplied with nutrients from the blood within the heart itself.

 

True False

 

  1. Which of the following heart tissues is not part of the internal conduction system of the heart?

 

 

  1. atrioventricular bundle

 

  1. atrioventricular node

 

  1. Purkinje fibers

 

  1. sinoatrial node

 

  1. semilunar valve

 

  1. What is considered the pacemaker of the heart?

 

 

  1. medulla oblongata

 

  1. the sinoatrial node

 

  1. the atrioventricular node

 

  1. Purkinje fibers

 

  1. atrioventricular bundle

 

  1. Which part of the brain contains the cardiac control center?

 

 

  1. cerebrum

 

  1. medulla oblongata

 

  1. cerebellum

 

  1. pons

 

  1. frontal lobe

 

  1. Lisa receives a dose of epinephrine. What does this do to her heart rate?

 

 

  1. increases it

 

  1. decreases it

 

  1. stops it

 

  1. does not alter it

 

  1. makes it skip every other beat

 

  1. What does an ECG record?

 

 

  1. brain activity

 

  1. blood volume

 

  1. heart sounds

 

  1. hormonal changes

 

  1. electrical changes

 

  1. Tina’s heart began to beat much faster when it came to the scary scene in the movie. Which portion of the nervous system causes the heart to beat faster when afraid?

 

 

  1. peripheral

 

  1. parasympathetic

 

  1. somatic

 

  1. sympathetic

 

  1. axial

 

  1. If your pulse is 70 beats per minute, how fast is your heart beating?

 

 

  1. 140 beats per minute

 

  1. 35 beats per minute

 

  1. 70 beats per minute

 

  1. 120 beats per minute

 

  1. 80 beats per minute

 

  1. Which of the following could be used to take a pulse?

 

 

  1. radial vein

 

  1. radial artery

 

  1. inferior vena cava

 

  1. superior vena cava

 

  1. renal capillaries

 

  1. Hinson was informed that her blood pressure was 150/95. These numbers indicate that she has _____.

 

 

  1. normal blood pressure

 

  1. prehypertension

 

  1. hypotension

 

  1. stage 1 hypertension

 

  1. stage 2 hypertension

 

  1. What is the instrument called that is used to measure blood pressure?

 

 

  1. stethoscope

 

  1. CPR

 

  1. sphygmomanometer

 

  1. ECG

 

  1. AED

 

  1. A blood pressure of 90/40 is considered normal.

 

True False

 

  1. Diastolic pressure is when the heart atria are relaxing.

 

True False

 

  1. A person who sits for hours on a long airplane flight may have problems with blood pooling below the knees. Why?

 

  1. The valves in the leg veins don’t work above a certain altitude.

 

  1. Blood pressure drops on long airplane flights.

 

  1. The respiratory pump is not helping blood return to the heart.

 

  1. The capillaries expand at high altitudes.

 

  1. The skeletal muscle pump below the knees is not helping blood return to the heart.

 

  1. Normal blood pressure is 120/80. What is the top number called and what is happening in the heart?

 

 

  1. systolic pressure; ejection of blood from the heart

 

  1. diastolic pressure; ejection of blood from the heart

 

  1. systolic pressure; ventricles are relaxing

 

  1. diastolic pressure; ventricles are relaxing

 

  1. diastolic pressure; atria are contracting, ventricles are relaxing

 

  1. Where in the body is blood pressure the highest?

 

 

  1. superior vena cava

 

  1. aorta

 

  1. inferior vena cava

 

  1. lung capillaries

 

  1. renal capillaries

 

  1. Blood pressure _____ with distance from the left ventricle, while the total cross-sectional area of the blood vessels

 

_____.

 

 

  1. decreases; increases

 

  1. increases; decreases

 

  1. stays the same; decreases

 

  1. stays the same; increases

 

  1. decreases; stays the same

 

  1. Why does blood move slower in the capillaries compared to the arterioles?

 

 

  1. Capillaries are much wider than arterioles.

 

  1. Blood pressure is much higher in capillaries than in arterioles.

 

  1. There are many more capillaries than arterioles.

 

  1. Precapillary sphincters close shunting blood into capillaries.

 

  1. Capillaries are present in muscles while arterioles are not.

 

  1. Blood pressure plays a major role in returning venous blood to the heart.

 

True False

 

  1. Which blood vessel will supply oxygenated blood directly to the femoral artery?

 

 

  1. common iliac artery

 

  1. femoral vein

 

  1. aorta

 

  1. common iliac vein

 

  1. inferior vena cava

 

  1. What system drains blood from the capillary beds of the digestive tract to a capillary bed in the liver?

 

 

  1. cephalic

 

  1. hepatic portal

 

  1. coronary artery

 

  1. celiac

 

  1. lymphatic system

 

  1. Which of the following is the largest artery of the systemic circuit?

 

 

  1. aorta

 

  1. vena cava

 

  1. femoral artery

 

  1. carotid artery

 

  1. pulmonary artery

 

  1. Which chamber of the heart pumps blood into the pulmonary circuit?

 

 

  1. right atrium

 

  1. right ventricle

 

  1. left atrium

 

  1. left ventricle

 

  1. aorta

 

  1. Which blood vessel will have the greatest amount of oxygen?

 

 

  1. femoral artery

 

  1. pulmonary artery

 

  1. vena cava

 

  1. jugular

 

  1. All of these are equal.

 

  1. The systemic circuit contains more blood at any one time than does the pulmonary circuit.

 

True False

 

  1. Which blood vessel of the pulmonary circuit will carry deoxygenated blood?

 

 

  1. pulmonary artery

 

  1. pulmonary vein

 

  1. vena cava

 

  1. aorta

 

  1. All of these carry deoxygenated blood.

 

  1. The blood from the digestive tract travels through two different veins before reaching the inferior vena cava.

 

True False

 

  1. The hepatic portal vein carries blood from the liver to the digestive tract.

 

True False

 

  1. At the arterial end of a capillary, blood pressure is more important than osmotic pressure to cause water to exit the capillary.

 

 

True   False

 

  1. In the pulmonary circuit, veins carry oxygen-_____ blood, and in the systemic circuit, veins carry oxygen-_____blood.

 

 

  1. rich; rich

 

  1. poor; poor

 

  1. rich; poor

 

  1. poor; rich

 

  1. What happens to the excess fluid that leaves the capillaries at the venous end?

 

 

  1. The excess fluid is collected in the lymphatic capillaries.

 

  1. There is no excess fluid; 100% always returns to the capillary beds.

 

  1. The excess fluid is excreted by the kidneys.

 

  1. The excess fluid is reabsorbed by the intestines.

 

  1. The excess fluid will accumulate in the cells, causing them to rupture.

 

  1. All veins carry oxygen-poor blood.

 

True False

 

  1. Describe the three general functions of the cardiovascular system.

 

 

 

  1. If fluid is leaving a capillary and entering the tissue, which of the following statements is true?

 

 

  1. Red blood cells are able to leave the capillary.

 

  1. Plasma proteins are able to leave the capillary.

 

  1. Blood pressure is higher than osmotic pressure.

 

  1. This is the venous end of the capillary.

 

  1. The net pressure is in.

 

  1. Compare the structure and function of arteries to that of veins.

 

 

 

  1. Tissue fluid leaving the arterial end of the capillary is balanced by tissue fluid entering the venous end of the capillary.

 

 

True   False

 

  1. Trace the path of blood flow through the heart and lungs, starting with the superior and inferior vena cava.

 

 

 

  1. Tissue fluid contains lower amounts of protein than does plasma.

 

True False

 

  1. If a person is dehydrated, how will this affect nutrient exchange at the capillaries?

 

 

  1. It will have no effect.

 

  1. Water will not leave the arterial end of the capillary and enter the tissues.

 

  1. Oxygen will not leave the capillary and enter the tissues.

 

  1. Carbon dioxide will not leave the tissues and enter the capillary.

 

  1. Plasma proteins will be able to leave the capillary and enter the tissues.

 

  1. What is the bursting of a blood vessel called?

 

 

  1. embolus

 

  1. aneurysm

 

  1. thrombus

 

  1. myocardial infarction

 

  1. stroke

 

  1. The American Heart Association recommends a diet low in saturated fat and cholesterol to prevent which disease?

 

  1. hypotension

 

  1. aneurysm

 

  1. hypertension

 

  1. atherosclerosis

 

  1. infarction

 

  1. Which of the following activities is not recommended for prevention of cardiovascular disease?

 

 

  1. Know your cholesterol level.

 

  1. Take antioxidant vitamins (A, E, and C).

 

  1. Raise the LDL intake.

 

  1. Use olive and canola oil rather than butter/cream.

 

  1. Exercise moderately.

 

  1. Generally, there are no symptoms of hypertension.

 

True False

 

  1. What drug may protect against having a first heart attack?

 

 

  1. acetaminophen

 

  1. aspirin

 

  1. ACE

 

  1. t-PA

 

  1. beta-blockers

 

  1. What is a stent?

 

 

  1. a cylinder of expandable metal mesh

 

  1. time spent in recovery after coronary bypass surgery

 

  1. a treatment for phlebitis

 

  1. an instrument that regulates the heartbeat

 

  1. a treatment to lower blood pressure

 

  1. Which of the following is not a symptom of a heart attack?

 

 

  1. feeling of pressure in the chest

 

  1. dizziness

 

  1. nausea and vomiting

 

  1. diarrhea

 

  1. shortness of breath

 

Chapter 05: Test Bank Key

 

 

  1. Gas exchange is the only function of blood.

 

FALSE

 

 

The blood has many functions. Gas exchange is only one.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

 

Learning Outcome: 05.01.02 Summarize the functions of the cardiovascular system.

 

Section: 05.01

 

Topic: Blood

 

  1. When comparing the cardiovascular system to a city, what is it similar to?

 

 

  1. roads

 

  1. government building

 

  1. grocery stores

 

  1. waste recycling plant

 

  1. power plant

 

 

The cardiovascular system is similar to the roads which transport goods between all of the other places in the city.

 

Blooms Level: 5. Evaluate

 

Learning Outcome: 05.01.02 Summarize the functions of the cardiovascular system.

 

Section: 05.01

Topic: Human Cardiovascular System

 

  1. Which part of the body is often diseased in alcoholics due to exposure to alcohol?

 

 

  1. liver

 

  1. stomach

 

  1. kidneys

 

  1. esophagus

 

  1. large intestine

 

 

The liver is often diseased because the liver removes toxins and chemicals from the blood. Excessive amounts of alcohol removed by the liver often damages the liver tissue.

 

Blooms Level: 4. Analyze

 

Learning Outcome: 05.01.02 Summarize the functions of the cardiovascular system.

 

Section: 05.01

 

Topic: Human Cardiovascular System

 

  1. What are the two components of the cardiovascular system?

 

 

  1. heart and blood vessels

 

  1. arteries and heart

 

  1. veins and heart

 

  1. arteries and veins

 

  1. capillaries and veins

 

 

The cardiovascular system consists of the heart and the blood vessels.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

 

Learning Outcome: 05.01.01 Identify the two components of the cardiovascular system.

 

Section: 05.01

 

Topic: Human Cardiovascular System

 

  1. The cardiovascular system consists of the heart, blood vessels, and skeletal muscles.

 

FALSE

 

 

Skeletal muscles are not considered part of the cardiovascular system.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

 

Learning Outcome: 05.01.01 Identify the two components of the cardiovascular system.

 

Section: 05.01

 

Topic: Human Cardiovascular System

 

  1. The innermost layer of an artery is known as what?

 

 

  1. mesothelium

 

  1. endothelium

 

  1. exothelium

 

  1. hyperthelium

 

  1. hypothelium

 

 

The innermost layer of an artery is known as the endothelium.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

 

Learning Outcome: 05.02.01 Describe the structure and function of the three types of blood vessels.

 

Section: 05.02

 

Topic: Blood Vessels

 

  1. The cardiovascular system is composed of the heart and the blood vessels.

 

TRUE

 

 

It is true that the cardiovascular system is composed of the heart and the blood vessels.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

 

Learning Outcome: 05.01.01 Identify the two components of the cardiovascular system.

 

Section: 05.01

 

Topic: Human Cardiovascular System

 

  1. Which of the following blood vessels are small, thin, and porous enough to exchange substances at the tissue level of organization?

 

 

  1. arterioles

 

  1. capillaries

 

  1. venules

 

  1. small arteries

 

  1. veins

 

 

Capillaries are narrow, microscopic tubes that are porous enough to allow for the exchange of substances at the tissue level of organization.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

 

Learning Outcome: 05.02.01 Describe the structure and function of the three types of blood vessels.

 

Section: 05.02

 

Topic: Blood Vessels

 

  1. What is the role of the lymphatic system with respect to the cardiovascular system?

 

 

  1. collecting excess tissue fluids and returning them to the cardiovascular system

 

  1. collecting excess tissue fluids and returning them to the urinary system

 

  1. producing excess tissue fluids and returning them to the cardiovascular system

 

  1. producing excess tissue fluids and returning them to the urinary system

 

  1. prevention of infection

 

 

The key role of the lymphatic system as associated with the cardiovascular system is to collect excess tissue fluid and return it to the cardiovascular system.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

 

Learning Outcome: 05.01.03 Explain the purpose of the lymphatic system in circulation.

 

Section: 05.01

 

Topic: Human Cardiovascular System

 

  1. What structure within a capillary bed controls shunting of blood from the arteriole to the venule?

 

 

  1. precapillary valve

 

  1. endothelium

 

  1. precapillary sphincter

 

  1. pericardium

 

  1. shunt valve

 

 

When the precapillary sphincter is relaxed, blood moves directly from the arteriole to the venule, bypassing the capillary bed.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

 

Learning Outcome: 05.02.02 Explain how blood flow is regulated in each of the three types of blood vessels.

 

Section: 05.02

 

Topic: Blood Vessels

 

  1. Which body system will return excess tissue fluid to the cardiovascular system?

 

 

  1. lymphatic

 

  1. urinary

 

  1. neural

 

  1. digestive

 

  1. muscular

 

 

The lymphatic system returns excess tissue fluid to the cardiovascular system.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

 

Learning Outcome: 05.01.03 Explain the purpose of the lymphatic system in circulation.

 

Section: 05.01

 

Topic: Human Cardiovascular System

 

  1. When dissecting a specimen, Barry noticed that the arteries were thicker and more elastic than the veins. Why?

 

  1. Veins return blood to the heart against gravity.

 

  1. Arteries contain a greater volume of blood.

 

  1. Veins have valves.

 

  1. Arteries are under greater pressure.

 

  1. Arteries have less smooth muscle than veins.

 

 

Arteries are thicker and more elastic than veins because they are under greater pressure.

 

Blooms Level: 4. Analyze

 

Learning Outcome: 05.02.01 Describe the structure and function of the three types of blood vessels.

 

Section: 05.02

 

Topic: Blood Vessels

 

  1. The excess fluid from the cardiovascular system that enters the lymphatic system is called _____.

 

 

  1. lymph

 

  1. plasma

 

  1. blood

 

  1. tissue fluid

 

  1. urine

 

 

Lymph is the excess fluid from the cardiovascular system that enters the lymphatic system.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

 

Learning Outcome: 05.01.03 Explain the purpose of the lymphatic system in circulation.

 

Section: 05.01

 

Topic: Human Cardiovascular System

 

  1. Elizabeth takes a prescription drug that dilates her arterioles. What does this do to her blood pressure? Why?

 

  1. It falls because this increases the cross-sectional area of the vessels.

 

  1. It rises because this increases the cross-sectional area of the vessels.

 

  1. It falls because this decreases the cross-sectional area of the vessels.

 

  1. It rises because this decreases the cross-sectional area of the vessels.

 

  1. It stays the same because venules, not arterioles, control blood pressure.

 

 

When arterioles dilate, blood pressure falls because of the increase in the cross-sectional area of the vessels.

 

Blooms Level: 4. Analyze

Learning Outcome: 05.02.02 Explain how blood flow is regulated in each of the three types of blood vessels.

 

Section: 05.02

 

Topic: Blood Vessels

 

  1. Which arterial property enables it to resist the blood pressure?

 

 

  1. elastic tissue in the arterial wall

 

  1. valves within an artery

 

  1. skeletal muscle within the arterial walls

 

  1. precapillary sphincters

 

  1. a wall composed only of endothelium

 

 

The elastic tissue in the arterial wall enables it to resist the blood pressure. Arteries do not contain valves, they are in the veins. The arteries do not contain skeletal muscle, instead they have smooth muscle. Precapillary sphincters control the blood flow through a capillary bed. Capillaries are the blood vessels that have a wall composed only of endothelium.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

 

Learning Outcome: 05.02.01 Describe the structure and function of the three types of blood vessels.

 

Section: 05.02

 

Topic: Blood Vessels

 

  1. The walls of veins are thinner, so they cannot expand as greatly as arteries can.

 

FALSE

 

 

The walls of veins are thinner, so they can expand to a greater extent than arteries can.

 

Blooms Level: 4. Analyze

 

Learning Outcome: 05.02.01 Describe the structure and function of the three types of blood vessels.

 

Section: 05.02

 

Topic: Blood Vessels

 

  1. Choose the most correct statement concerning capillaries.

 

 

  1. Networks of capillaries are called capillary nets.

 

  1. Almost all capillaries are open at the same time.

 

  1. The site of nutrients, gas exchange, and waste exchange is the capillaries.

 

  1. Precapillary sphincters contract to increase capillary flow.

 

  1. The walls of capillaries contain smooth muscle.

 

 

The site of nutrient, gas exchange, and waste exchange is the capillaries.

 

Blooms Level: 4. Analyze

 

Learning Outcome: 05.02.01 Describe the structure and function of the three types of blood vessels.

 

Section: 05.02

 

Topic: Blood Vessels

 

  1. What is the function of valves in the veins?

 

 

  1. increase the rate of blood flow

 

  1. prevent the backward flow of blood

 

  1. regulate blood pressure

 

  1. oxygenate the blood

 

  1. remove debris from the blood

 

 

In the lower extremities, valves prevent the backflow of blood from occurring.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

 

Learning Outcome: 05.02.01 Describe the structure and function of the three types of blood vessels.

 

Section: 05.02

 

Topic: Blood Vessels

 

  1. At any one time, where is the majority of the blood found in the body?

 

 

  1. veins

 

  1. lungs

 

  1. lymphatic vessels

 

  1. capillaries

 

  1. arteries

 

 

Veins can serve as a blood reservoir, holding about 70% of the blood.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

 

Learning Outcome: 05.02.01 Describe the structure and function of the three types of blood vessels.

 

Section: 05.02

 

Topic: Blood Vessels

 

 

  1. Ferguson explained that in a condition known as situs inversus, the internal organs are reversed in their orientation. Thus, the apex of the heart would be oriented to the _____.

 

 

  1. middle

 

  1. right

 

  1. left

 

  1. front

 

  1. back

 

 

Normally, the apex of the heart is tilted to the left. In situs inversus, the apex of the heart is tilted to the right.

 

Blooms Level: 3. Apply

 

Learning Outcome: 05.03.01 Identify the structures and chambers of the human heart.

 

Section: 05.03

 

Topic: Heart

 

  1. What is the name of the thick, membranous sac that surrounds and protects the heart?

 

 

  1. mesothelium

 

  1. endothelium

 

  1. pericardium

 

  1. myocardium

 

  1. epicardium

 

 

The pericardium is a thick, membranous sac that surrounds and protects the heart.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

 

Learning Outcome: 05.03.01 Identify the structures and chambers of the human heart.

 

Section: 05.03

 

Topic: Heart

  1. What are the upper chambers of the heart called?

 

 

  1. atria

 

  1. auricles

 

  1. AV valves

 

  1. ventricles

 

  1. septa

 

 

The atria are the upper collecting chambers of the heart.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

 

Learning Outcome: 05.03.01 Identify the structures and chambers of the human heart.

 

Section: 05.03

 

Topic: Heart

 

  1. What type of cell junctions are found in cardiac muscle tissue?

 

 

  1. atria and auricles

 

  1. septae and chordae

 

  1. intercalated disks

 

  1. myocardium and pericardium

 

  1. gap junctions and desmosomes

 

 

Gap junctions and desmosomes are types of cell junctions found in intercalated disks of the myocardium.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

 

Learning Outcome: 05.03.01 Identify the structures and chambers of the human heart.

 

Section: 05.03

 

Topic: Heart

 

  1. The right ventricle is to the pulmonary trunk as the left ventricle is to the _____.

 

 

  1. aorta

 

  1. superior vena cava

 

  1. left pulmonary vein

 

  1. inferior vena cava

 

  1. left common carotid artery

 

 

The right ventricle pumps blood out through the pulmonary trunk. The left ventricle pumps blood out through the aorta.

 

Blooms Level: 4. Analyze

Learning Outcome: 05.03.02 Describe the flow of blood through the human heart.

 

Section: 05.03

 

Topic: Heart

 

  1. What are the string-like structures in the heart that anchor the atrioventricular valves?

 

 

  1. cingulated pectorale

 

  1. chordae tendineae

 

  1. corpus albicans

 

  1. corpus callosum

 

  1. choroid plexus

 

 

The chordae tendineae are strong fibrous strings that serve to anchor the atrioventricular valves of the heart.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

 

Learning Outcome: 05.03.01 Identify the structures and chambers of the human heart.

 

Section: 05.03

 

Topic: Heart

 

  1. During open-heart surgery, the first heart structure that would be cut into is the _____.

 

 

  1. myocardium

 

  1. left ventricle

 

  1. pericardium

 

  1. right ventricle

 

  1. left atrium

 

 

The heart is surrounded by a thick, membranous sac called the pericardium that would have to be cut through to reach the heart.

 

Blooms Level: 3. Apply

 

Learning Outcome: 05.03.01 Identify the structures and chambers of the human heart.

 

Section: 05.03

 

Topic: Heart

 

  1. A hospital laboratory technician injects a dye into a vein in your right arm. What is the first chamber of the heart that the dye will reach?

 

 

  1. right atrium

 

  1. left atrium

 

  1. right ventricle

 

  1. left ventricle

 

  1. aorta

 

 

The veins from the body empty into the right atrium. Blood flow then enters the right ventricle, pulmonary arteries, lungs, pulmonary veins, left atrium, left ventricle, and leaves the heart through the aorta.

 

Blooms Level: 3. Apply

 

Learning Outcome: 05.03.02 Describe the flow of blood through the human heart.

 

Section: 05.03

 

Topic: Heart

 

  1. Blood leaves which chamber of the heart to enter the lungs?

 

 

  1. right atrium

 

  1. left atrium

 

  1. right ventricle

 

  1. left ventricle

 

  1. aorta

 

 

Blood leaves the right ventricle and enters the lungs.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

 

Learning Outcome: 05.03.02 Describe the flow of blood through the human heart.

 

Section: 05.03

 

Topic: Heart

 

  1. If the left semilunar valve were blocked, where would blood accumulate?

 

 

  1. lungs

 

  1. right atrium

 

  1. left atrium

 

  1. right ventricle

 

  1. left ventricle

 

 

The left ventricle contracts, sending blood through the semilunar valve into the aorta. If the valve was blocked, the blood would back up in the left ventricle.

 

Blooms Level: 3. Apply

Learning Outcome: 05.03.02 Describe the flow of blood through the human heart.

 

Section: 05.03

 

Topic: Heart

 

  1. The “lub” sound of the “lub-dub” heartbeat is due to what?

 

 

  1. the closing of the AV valves

 

  1. the closing of the semilunar valves

 

  1. the right atrium contracting

 

  1. the left atrium contracting

 

  1. the relaxation of both atria

 

 

The “lub” occurs when increasing pressure of blood inside a ventricle forces the cusps of the AV valves to slam shut.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

 

Learning Outcome: 05.03.03 Explain the internal and external controls of the heartbeat.

 

Section: 05.03

 

Topic: Heart

 

  1. The cardiac muscle is supplied with nutrients from the blood within the heart itself.

 

FALSE

 

 

The cardiac muscle receives oxygen and nutrients from the coronary arteries.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

 

Learning Outcome: 05.03.01 Identify the structures and chambers of the human heart.

 

Section: 05.03

 

Topic: Heart

 

  1. Which of the following heart tissues is not part of the internal conduction system of the heart?

 

 

  1. atrioventricular bundle

 

  1. atrioventricular node

 

  1. Purkinje fibers

 

  1. sinoatrial node

 

  1. semilunar valve

 

 

Only the semilunar valve is not involved in the internal conduction system of the heart.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

 

Learning Outcome: 05.03.03 Explain the internal and external controls of the heartbeat.

 

Section: 05.03

 

Topic: Heart

 

  1. What is considered the pacemaker of the heart?

 

 

  1. medulla oblongata

 

  1. the sinoatrial node

 

  1. the atrioventricular node

 

  1. Purkinje fibers

 

  1. atrioventricular bundle

 

 

The sinoatrial node is called the pacemaker because it regulates heartbeat.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

 

Learning Outcome: 05.03.03 Explain the internal and external controls of the heartbeat.

 

Section: 05.03

 

Topic: Heart

 

  1. Which part of the brain contains the cardiac control center?

 

 

  1. cerebrum

 

  1. medulla oblongata

 

  1. cerebellum

 

  1. pons

 

  1. frontal lobe

 

 

The medulla oblongata contains the cardiac control center.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

 

Learning Outcome: 05.03.03 Explain the internal and external controls of the heartbeat.

 

Section: 05.03

 

Topic: Human Cardiovascular System

 

  1. Lisa receives a dose of epinephrine. What does this do to her heart rate?

 

 

  1. increases it

 

  1. decreases it

 

  1. stops it

 

  1. does not alter it

 

  1. makes it skip every other beat

 

 

Epinephrine stimulates the heart to beat faster.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

 

Learning Outcome: 05.03.03 Explain the internal and external controls of the heartbeat.

 

Section: 05.03

 

Topic: Human Cardiovascular System

 

  1. What does an ECG record?

 

 

  1. brain activity

 

  1. blood volume

 

  1. heart sounds

 

  1. hormonal changes

 

  1. electrical changes

 

 

An electrocardiogram (ECG) is a recording of the electrical changes that occur in myocardium during a cardiac cycle.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

 

Learning Outcome: 05.03.03 Explain the internal and external controls of the heartbeat.

 

Section: 05.03

 

Topic: Heart

 

 

  1. Tina’s heart began to beat much faster when it came to the scary scene in the movie. Which portion of the nervous system causes the heart to beat faster when afraid?

 

 

  1. peripheral

 

  1. parasympathetic

 

  1. somatic

 

  1. sympathetic

 

  1. axial

 

 

The sympathetic nervous system causes the heart to beat faster in responses associated with “fight or flight.”

 

Blooms Level: 3. Apply

 

Learning Outcome: 05.03.03 Explain the internal and external controls of the heartbeat.

 

Section: 05.03

 

Topic: Heart

 

  1. If your pulse is 70 beats per minute, how fast is your heart beating?

 

 

  1. 140 beats per minute

 

  1. 35 beats per minute

 

  1. 70 beats per minute

 

  1. 120 beats per minute

 

  1. 80 beats per minute

 

 

The pulse rate indicates the heart rate because the arterial walls pulse whenever the left ventricle contracts.

 

Blooms Level: 3. Apply

 

Learning Outcome: 05.04.01 Understand how the pulse relates to heart rate.

 

Section: 05.04

 

Topic: Blood Vessels

 

  1. Which of the following could be used to take a pulse?

 

 

  1. radial vein

 

  1. radial artery

 

  1. inferior vena cava

 

  1. superior vena cava

 

  1. renal capillaries

 

 

It is customary to feel the pulse by placing several fingers on the radial artery. The rhythmic expansion and recoil of an arterial wall can be felt as a pulse in any artery that runs close to the body’s surface.

 

Blooms Level: 3. Apply

 

Learning Outcome: 05.04.02 Explain how blood pressure differs in veins, arteries, and capillaries.

 

Section: 05.04

 

Topic: Blood Vessels

 

  1. Hinson was informed that her blood pressure was 150/95. These numbers indicate that she has

 

_____.

 

 

  1. normal blood pressure

 

  1. prehypertension

 

  1. hypotension

 

  1. stage 1 hypertension

 

  1. stage 2 hypertension

 

 

Stage 1 hypertension has a systolic number between 140 and 159, and a diastolic number between 90 and 99.

 

Blooms Level: 4. Analyze

Learning Outcome: 05.04.03 Distinguish between systolic and diastolic pressure.

 

Section: 05.04

 

Topic: Human Cardiovascular System

 

  1. What is the instrument called that is used to measure blood pressure?

 

 

  1. stethoscope

 

  1. CPR

 

  1. sphygmomanometer

 

  1. ECG

 

  1. AED

 

 

A sphygmomanometer is an instrument used to measure blood pressure.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

 

Learning Outcome: 05.04.03 Distinguish between systolic and diastolic pressure.

 

Section: 05.04

 

Topic: Human Cardiovascular System

 

  1. A blood pressure of 90/40 is considered normal.

 

FALSE

 

 

This would be considered hypotension. Normal blood pressure is 120/80.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

 

Learning Outcome: 05.04.03 Distinguish between systolic and diastolic pressure.

 

Section: 05.04

 

Topic: Human Cardiovascular System

 

  1. Diastolic pressure is when the heart atria are relaxing.

 

FALSE

 

 

False, the diastolic pressure is when the heart ventricles are relaxing.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

 

Learning Outcome: 05.04.02 Explain how blood pressure differs in veins, arteries, and capillaries.

 

Section: 05.04

 

Topic: Human Cardiovascular System

 

  1. A person who sits for hours on a long airplane flight may have problems with blood pooling below the knees. Why?

 

 

  1. The valves in the leg veins don’t work above a certain altitude.

 

  1. Blood pressure drops on long airplane flights.

 

  1. The respiratory pump is not helping blood return to the heart.

 

  1. The capillaries expand at high altitudes.

 

  1. The skeletal muscle pump below the knees is not helping blood return to the heart.

 

 

The skeletal muscle pump functions every time a muscle contracts. If the person is not moving, the muscles do not contract, and the blood pools in the lower extremities.

 

Blooms Level: 3. Apply

 

Learning Outcome: 05.04.02 Explain how blood pressure differs in veins, arteries, and capillaries.

 

Section: 05.04

 

Topic: Human Cardiovascular System

 

  1. Normal blood pressure is 120/80. What is the top number called and what is happening in the heart?

 

 

  1. systolic pressure; ejection of blood from the heart

 

  1. diastolic pressure; ejection of blood from the heart

 

  1. systolic pressure; ventricles are relaxing

 

  1. diastolic pressure; ventricles are relaxing

 

  1. diastolic pressure; atria are contracting, ventricles are relaxing

 

 

The highest arterial pressure is the top number, called the systolic pressure. This is reached during ejection of blood from the heart.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

 

Learning Outcome: 05.04.03 Distinguish between systolic and diastolic pressure.

 

Section: 05.04

 

Topic: Blood Vessels

 

  1. Where in the body is blood pressure the highest?

 

 

  1. superior vena cava

 

  1. aorta

 

  1. inferior vena cava

 

  1. lung capillaries

 

  1. renal capillaries

 

 

Blood pressure is highest in the aorta.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

 

Learning Outcome: 05.04.02 Explain how blood pressure differs in veins, arteries, and capillaries.

 

Section: 05.04

 

Topic: Blood Vessels

 

  1. Blood pressure _____ with distance from the left ventricle, while the total cross-sectional area of the blood vessels _____.

 

 

  1. decreases; increases

 

  1. increases; decreases

 

  1. stays the same; decreases

 

  1. stays the same; increases

 

  1. decreases; stays the same

 

 

Blood pressure decreases with distance from the left ventricle because the total cross-sectional area of the blood vessels increases.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

 

Learning Outcome: 05.04.02 Explain how blood pressure differs in veins, arteries, and capillaries.

 

Section: 05.04

 

Topic: Blood Vessels

 

  1. Why does blood move slower in the capillaries compared to the arterioles?

 

 

  1. Capillaries are much wider than arterioles.

 

  1. Blood pressure is much higher in capillaries than in arterioles.

 

  1. There are many more capillaries than arterioles.

 

  1. Precapillary sphincters close shunting blood into capillaries.

 

  1. Capillaries are present in muscles while arterioles are not.

 

 

There are many more capillaries than arterioles and the increase in cross-sectional area causes a decrease in blood flow.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

 

Learning Outcome: 05.04.02 Explain how blood pressure differs in veins, arteries, and capillaries.

 

Section: 05.04

 

Topic: Blood Vessels

 

  1. Blood pressure plays a major role in returning venous blood to the heart.

 

FALSE

 

 

Blood pressure plays only a small role in returning venous blood to the heart. Venous return is dependent on the skeletal muscle pump, the respiratory pump, and valves in veins.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

 

Learning Outcome: 05.04.01 Understand how the pulse relates to heart rate.

 

Section: 05.04

 

Topic: Blood Vessels

 

  1. Which blood vessel will supply oxygenated blood directly to the femoral artery?

 

 

  1. common iliac artery

 

  1. femoral vein

 

  1. aorta

 

  1. common iliac vein

 

  1. inferior vena cava

 

 

The common iliac artery will directly supply oxygenated blood to the femoral vein. This blood then goes to the lower leg capillaries, which then goes to the lower leg veins, which then goes to the femoral vein, which then goes to the common iliac vein, which then empties into the inferior vena cava. The aorta supplies oxygenated blood to the common iliac artery.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

 

Learning Outcome: 05.05.02 Identify the major arteries and veins of both the pulmonary and the systemic circuits.

 

Section: 05.05

 

Topic: Blood Vessels

 

  1. What system drains blood from the capillary beds of the digestive tract to a capillary bed in the liver?

 

 

  1. cephalic

 

  1. hepatic portal

 

  1. coronary artery

 

  1. celiac

 

  1. lymphatic system

 

 

The hepatic portal system drains blood from the capillary beds of the digestive tract to a capillary bed in the liver.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

 

Learning Outcome: 05.05.04 Explain the location and purpose of the hepatic portal system.

 

Section: 05.05

 

Topic: Blood Vessels

 

  1. Which of the following is the largest artery of the systemic circuit?

 

 

  1. aorta

 

  1. vena cava

 

  1. femoral artery

 

  1. carotid artery

 

  1. pulmonary artery

 

 

The aorta is the largest artery of the systemic circuit. The vena cava is a vein of the systemic circuit. The femoral artery and carotid artery are not as large as the aorta. The pulmonary artery is part of the pulmonary circuit.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

 

Learning Outcome: 05.05.02 Identify the major arteries and veins of both the pulmonary and the systemic circuits.

 

Section: 05.05

 

Topic: Blood Vessels

 

  1. Which chamber of the heart pumps blood into the pulmonary circuit?

 

 

  1. right atrium

 

  1. right ventricle

 

  1. left atrium

 

  1. left ventricle

 

  1. aorta

 

 

The right ventricle pumps blood into the pulmonary trunk.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

 

Learning Outcome: 05.05.01 Compare blood flow in the pulmonary and systemic circuits.

 

Section: 05.05

 

Topic: Blood Vessels

 

  1. Which blood vessel will have the greatest amount of oxygen?

 

 

  1. femoral artery

 

  1. pulmonary artery

 

  1. vena cava

 

  1. jugular

 

  1. All of these are equal.

 

The femoral artery is the only blood vessel listed that carries oxygenated blood. The pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs. The vena cava carries deoxygenated blood to the heart, and the jugular carries deoxygenated blood from the brain to the vena cava.

 

Blooms Level: 4. Analyze

 

Learning Outcome: 05.05.02 Identify the major arteries and veins of both the pulmonary and the systemic circuits.

 

Section: 05.05

 

Topic: Blood Vessels

 

  1. The systemic circuit contains more blood at any one time than does the pulmonary circuit.

 

TRUE

 

 

The systemic circuit is a much larger circuit and contains many more blood vessels. It contains more blood than does the pulmonary circuit.

 

Blooms Level: 4. Analyze

 

Learning Outcome: 05.05.01 Compare blood flow in the pulmonary and systemic circuits.

 

Section: 05.05

 

Topic: Human Cardiovascular System

 

  1. Which blood vessel of the pulmonary circuit will carry deoxygenated blood?

 

 

  1. pulmonary artery

 

  1. pulmonary vein

 

  1. vena cava

 

  1. aorta

 

  1. All of these carry deoxygenated blood.

 

 

The pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs. The pulmonary veins carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart. The vena cava is not part of the pulmonary circuit. The aorta is not part of the pulmonary circuit and carries oxygenated blood.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

Learning Outcome: 05.05.02 Identify the major arteries and veins of both the pulmonary and the systemic circuits.

 

Section: 05.05

 

Topic: Blood Vessels

 

  1. The blood from the digestive tract travels through two different veins before reaching the inferior vena cava.

 

 

TRUE

 

 

The blood from the digestive tract travels through the hepatic portal vein and the hepatic vein before reaching the inferior vena cava.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

 

Learning Outcome: 05.05.04 Explain the location and purpose of the hepatic portal system.

 

Section: 05.05

 

Topic: Blood Vessels

 

  1. The hepatic portal vein carries blood from the liver to the digestive tract.

 

FALSE

 

 

False, the hepatic portal vein carries blood from the digestive tract to the liver.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

 

Learning Outcome: 05.05.04 Explain the location and purpose of the hepatic portal system.

 

Section: 05.05

 

Topic: Blood Vessels

 

 

  1. At the arterial end of a capillary, blood pressure is more important than osmotic pressure to cause water to exit the capillary.

 

 

TRUE

 

 

It is true that at the arterial end of a capillary, blood pressure is more important than osmotic pressure to cause water to exit the capillary.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

 

Learning Outcome: 05.06.01 Describe the processes that move materials across the walls of a capillary.

 

Section: 05.06

 

Topic: Blood Vessels

 

  1. In the pulmonary circuit, veins carry oxygen-_____ blood, and in the systemic circuit, veins carry oxygen-_____

 

blood.

 

 

  1. rich; rich

 

  1. poor; poor

 

  1. rich; poor

 

  1. poor; rich

 

 

In the pulmonary circuit, the pulmonary veins carry oxygen-rich blood from the lungs. In the systemic circuit, veins carry oxygen-poor blood back to the heart.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

 

Learning Outcome: 05.05.01 Compare blood flow in the pulmonary and systemic circuits.

 

Section: 05.05

 

Topic: Blood Vessels

 

  1. What happens to the excess fluid that leaves the capillaries at the venous end?

 

 

  1. The excess fluid is collected in the lymphatic capillaries.

 

  1. There is no excess fluid; 100% always returns to the capillary beds.

 

  1. The excess fluid is excreted by the kidneys.

 

  1. The excess fluid is reabsorbed by the intestines.

 

  1. The excess fluid will accumulate in the cells, causing them to rupture.

 

 

The excess fluid is collected in the lymphatic capillaries. There is always some fluid left over since 100% does not return to the venous capillaries. It is not excreted or reabsorbed by the kidneys. It does not accumulate in the cells causing them to rupture.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

 

Learning Outcome: 05.06.02 Explain what happens to the excess fluid that leaves the capillaries.

 

Section: 05.06

 

Topic: Blood Vessels

 

  1. All veins carry oxygen-poor blood.

 

FALSE

 

 

The pulmonary veins carry oxygen-rich blood so this is not a true statement.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

 

Learning Outcome: 05.05.03 Compare the oxygen content of the blood in the arteries and veins of the pulmonary and systemic circuits.

 

Section: 05.05

 

Topic: Blood Vessels

 

  1. Describe the three general functions of the cardiovascular system.

 

  1. Transport: Transports oxygen and nutrients to the cells and removes carbon dioxide and other waste products of metabolism.

 

  1. Protection: The cells of the immune system carried within the blood help protect the body from infection.

 

  1. Regulation: Participates in the homeostasis of a variety of the body’s conditions, including temperature, pH balance, and water and electrolyte levels.

 

Blooms Level: 6. Create

 

Learning Outcome: 05.01.02 Summarize the functions of the cardiovascular system.

 

Section: 05.01

 

Topic: Human Cardiovascular System

 

  1. If fluid is leaving a capillary and entering the tissue, which of the following statements is true?

 

 

  1. Red blood cells are able to leave the capillary.

 

  1. Plasma proteins are able to leave the capillary.

 

  1. Blood pressure is higher than osmotic pressure.

 

  1. This is the venous end of the capillary.

 

  1. The net pressure is in.

 

 

At the arterial end of the capillary, blood pressure is higher than osmotic pressure, and tissue fluid leaves the capillary and enters the tissue.

 

Blooms Level: 3. Apply

 

Learning Outcome: 05.06.01 Describe the processes that move materials across the walls of a capillary.

 

Section: 05.06

 

Topic: Blood Vessels

 

  1. Compare the structure and function of arteries to that of veins.

 

Arteries are blood vessels that transport blood away from the heart. With the exception of the pulmonary artery, they carry oxygenated blood. They have three layers: the innermost is a thin layer called the endothelium, the middle is a thick layer of smooth muscle and elastic tissue, the outer layer is connective tissue. The elastic tissue enables it to withstand the pressure of the blood flow.

 

Veins are blood vessels that transport blood to the heart. With the exception of the pulmonary vein, they carry deoxygenated blood. They have three layers in their walls as well. The main difference is that there is less smooth muscle in the middle layer and less connective tissue in the outer layer. The wall of a vein is thinner than that of an artery.

 

Blooms Level: 6. Create

 

Learning Outcome: 05.02.01 Describe the structure and function of the three types of blood vessels.

 

Section: 05.02

 

Topic: Blood Vessels

 

  1. Tissue fluid leaving the arterial end of the capillary is balanced by tissue fluid entering the venous end of the capillary.

 

 

FALSE

 

 

Some tissue fluid does not reenter the capillary and is collected by the lymphatic system.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

 

Learning Outcome: 05.06.02 Explain what happens to the excess fluid that leaves the capillaries.

 

Section: 05.06

 

Topic: Human Cardiovascular System

 

  1. Trace the path of blood flow through the heart and lungs, starting with the superior and inferior vena cava.

 

Blood enters the heart through the superior and inferior vena cava – right atrium – atrioventricular valve – right ventricle – pulmonary semilunar valve – pulmonary trunk – pulmonary arteries – lungs – pulmonary veins – left atrium – atrioventricular valve – left ventircle – aortic semilunar valve – aorta.

 

Blooms Level: 6. Create

 

Learning Outcome: 05.03.02 Describe the flow of blood through the human heart.

 

Section: 05.03

 

Topic: Heart

 

  1. Tissue fluid contains lower amounts of protein than does plasma.

 

TRUE

 

 

Tissue fluid tends to contain all components of plasma, except much lower amounts of proteins, which are too large to readily pass out of the capillary.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

 

Learning Outcome: 05.06.02 Explain what happens to the excess fluid that leaves the capillaries.

 

Section: 05.06

 

Topic: Human Cardiovascular System

 

  1. If a person is dehydrated, how will this affect nutrient exchange at the capillaries?

 

 

  1. It will have no effect.

 

  1. Water will not leave the arterial end of the capillary and enter the tissues.

 

  1. Oxygen will not leave the capillary and enter the tissues.

 

  1. Carbon dioxide will not leave the tissues and enter the capillary.

 

  1. Plasma proteins will be able to leave the capillary and enter the tissues.

 

 

If a person is dehydrated, this will increase their osmotic pressure (more solutes dissolved in the liquid fraction of the blood). This would result in less water leaving the capillaries and entering the tissues.

 

Blooms Level: 5. Evaluate

 

Learning Outcome: 05.06.01 Describe the processes that move materials across the walls of a capillary.

 

Section: 05.06

 

Topic: Human Cardiovascular System

 

  1. What is the bursting of a blood vessel called?

 

 

  1. embolus

 

  1. aneurysm

 

  1. thrombus

 

  1. myocardial infarction

 

  1. stroke

 

 

An aneurysm is another name for a ballooning or bursting of a blood vessel.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

 

Learning Outcome: 05.07.01 Explain the underlying causes of cardiovascular disease in humans.

 

Section: 05.07

Topic: Human Cardiovascular System

 

  1. The American Heart Association recommends a diet low in saturated fat and cholesterol to prevent which disease?

 

 

  1. hypotension

 

  1. aneurysm

 

  1. hypertension

 

  1. atherosclerosis

 

  1. infarction

 

 

The AHA recommends such a diet to prevent the onset and development of atherosclerosis.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

 

Learning Outcome: 05.07.01 Explain the underlying causes of cardiovascular disease in humans.

 

Section: 05.07

 

Topic: Blood Vessels

 

  1. Which of the following activities is not recommended for prevention of cardiovascular disease?

 

 

  1. Know your cholesterol level.

 

  1. Take antioxidant vitamins (A, E, and C).

 

  1. Raise the LDL intake.

 

  1. Use olive and canola oil rather than butter/cream.

 

  1. Exercise moderately.

 

 

Raising the low density lipoprotein level (LDL) is not recommended for the prevention of cardiovascular disease.

 

Blooms Level: 3. Apply

 

Learning Outcome: 05.07.02 Summarize how advances in medicine can treat cardiovascular disorders.

 

Section: 05.07

 

Topic: Human Cardiovascular System

 

  1. Generally, there are no symptoms of hypertension.

 

TRUE

 

 

Hypertension is sometimes called a silent killer, because there are no symptoms present.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

 

Learning Outcome: 05.07.02 Summarize how advances in medicine can treat cardiovascular disorders.

 

Section: 05.07

 

Topic: Human Cardiovascular System

 

  1. What drug may protect against having a first heart attack?

 

 

  1. acetaminophen

 

  1. aspirin

 

  1. ACE

 

  1. t-PA

 

  1. beta-blockers

 

 

There is evidence that aspirin protects against first heart attacks.

 

Blooms Level: 3. Apply

 

Learning Outcome: 05.07.02 Summarize how advances in medicine can treat cardiovascular disorders.

 

Section: 05.07

 

Topic: Human Cardiovascular System

  1. What is a stent?

 

  1. a cylinder of expandable metal mesh

 

  1. time spent in recovery after coronary bypass surgery

 

  1. a treatment for phlebitis

 

  1. an instrument that regulates the heartbeat

 

  1. a treatment to lower blood pressure

 

 

A stent is a cylinder of expandable metal mesh that is positioned inside a coronary artery.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

 

Learning Outcome: 05.07.02 Summarize how advances in medicine can treat cardiovascular disorders.

 

Section: 05.07

 

Topic: Human Cardiovascular System

 

  1. Which of the following is not a symptom of a heart attack?

 

 

  1. feeling of pressure in the chest

 

  1. dizziness

 

  1. nausea and vomiting

 

  1. diarrhea

 

  1. shortness of breath

 

 

All are symptoms of a heart attack except for diarrhea.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

 

Learning Outcome: 05.07.01 Explain the underlying causes of cardiovascular disease in humans.

 

Section: 05.07

Topic: Human Cardiovascular System

 

 

Chapter 05: Test Bank Summary

 

  Category   # of Questions
Blooms Level: 1. Remember 19
Blooms Level: 2. Understand 32
Blooms Level: 3. Apply 11
Blooms Level: 4. Analyze 9
Blooms Level: 5. Evaluate 2
Blooms Level: 6. Create 3
Learning Outcome: 05.01.01 Identify the two components of the cardiovascular system. 3
Learning Outcome: 05.01.02 Summarize the functions of the cardiovascular system. 4
Learning Outcome: 05.01.03 Explain the purpose of the lymphatic system in circulation. 3
Learning Outcome: 05.02.01 Describe the structure and function of the three types of blood vessels. 9
Learning Outcome: 05.02.02 Explain how blood flow is regulated in each of the three types of blood vessels. 2
Learning Outcome: 05.03.01 Identify the structures and chambers of the human heart. 7
Learning Outcome: 05.03.02 Describe the flow of blood through the human heart. 5
Learning Outcome: 05.03.03 Explain the internal and external controls of the heartbeat. 7
Learning Outcome: 05.04.01 Understand how the pulse relates to heart rate. 2
Learning Outcome: 05.04.02 Explain how blood pressure differs in veins, arteries, and capillaries. 6
Learning Outcome: 05.04.03 Distinguish between systolic and diastolic pressure. 4
Learning Outcome: 05.05.01 Compare blood flow in the pulmonary and systemic circuits. 3
Learning Outcome: 05.05.02 Identify the major arteries and veins of both the pulmonary and the systemic circuits. 4
Learning Outcome: 05.05.03 Compare the oxygen content of the blood in the arteries and veins of the pulmonary and 1
systemic circuits.  
Learning Outcome: 05.05.04 Explain the location and purpose of the hepatic portal system. 3
Learning Outcome: 05.06.01 Describe the processes that move materials across the walls of a capillary. 3
Learning Outcome: 05.06.02 Explain what happens to the excess fluid that leaves the capillaries. 3
Learning Outcome: 05.07.01 Explain the underlying causes of cardiovascular disease in humans. 3
Learning Outcome: 05.07.02 Summarize how advances in medicine can treat cardiovascular disorders. 4
Section: 05.01 10
Section: 05.02 11
Section: 05.03 19
Section: 05.04 12
Section: 05.05 11
Section: 05.06 6
Section: 05.07 7
Topic: Blood 1
Topic: Blood Vessels 32
Topic: Heart 17
Topic: Human Cardiovascular System 26

 

 

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