Medical Language For Modern Health Care 4Th Edition By David Allan - Test Bank

Medical Language For Modern Health Care 4Th Edition By David Allan – Test Bank

 

Instant Download – Complete Test Bank With Answers

 

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

Medical Language for Modern Health Care, 4e (Allan)

Chapter 5   Digestive System

 

1) Gastroenterology is the study of

1. A) weight loss
2. B) dietetics
3. C) the liver, pancreas, stomach, intestines
4. D) the stomach and intestines
5. E) the anus and rectum

 

Answer:  D

Explanation:  Gastroenterology is the study of the stomach and intestines. The term deconstructs into a suffix –logy meaning study of, root/combining forms gastr/o– meaning stomach and –enter/o- meaning intestines.

Difficulty: 1 Easy

Topic:  Identify health professionals involved in treating gastroenterological patients

Bloom’s:  Remember

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.F

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

2) Which of the following terms mean pertaining to the liver?

1. A) renal
2. B) hepatic
3. C) cardiac
4. D) hepatocellular
5. E) hepatitis

 

Answer:  B

Explanation:  The term hepatic means pertaining to the liver. The term hepatic deconstructs into the suffix –ic meaning pertaining to and root hepat- meaning liver.

Difficulty: 3 Hard

Topic:  Construct medical terms associated with gastroenterology using word elements (roots, combining forms, prefixes, and suffixes)

Bloom’s:  Analyze

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.C

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

 

3) Starting from the mouth, the four parts of the alimentary canal, in order, are

1. A) esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine
2. B) stomach, esophagus, pharynx, and small intestine
3. C) pharynx, large intestine, small intestine, and esophagus
4. D) small intestine, stomach, large intestine, and liver
5. E) liver, gallbladder, stomach, and large intestine

 

Answer:  A

Explanation:  Each list is incomplete, but only one choice has the correct anatomical flow as a bolus of food is processed through the alimentary canal: esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine.

Difficulty: 1 Easy

Topic:  Describe the alimentary canal and its accessory organs

Bloom’s:  Remember

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.1

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

4) Food elements are transported by the body’s cells via the

1. A) pancreas
2. B) salivary glands
3. C) cell membrane
4. D) blood and lymphatics
5. E) liver

 

Answer:  D

Explanation:  The digestive system, through its alimentary canal, breaks down the nutrients in food into elements that can be transported to the cells via the blood and lymphatics.

Difficulty: 2 Medium

Topic:  Discuss the functions of the digestive system

Bloom’s:  Understand

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.2

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

 

5) Which of the following terms means treatment of obesity?

1. A) Alimentary
2. B) Bariatric
3. C) Mastication
4. D) Elimination
5. E) Deglutition

 

Answer:  B

Explanation:  The term bariatric means treatment of obesity. The term deconstructs into a suffix –atric meaning treatment and root bari- meaning weight.

Difficulty: 2 Medium

Topic:  Describe the alimentary canal and its accessory organs

Bloom’s:  Understand

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.1

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

6) Professionals who prevent and treat illness by promoting healthy eating habits are called: ________.

 

Answer:  nutritionists

Explanation:  A Nutritionist is a professional who prevents and treat illnesses by promoting healthy eating habits.

Difficulty: 2 Medium

Topic:  Identify health professionals involved in treating gastroenterological patients

Bloom’s:  Understand

Est Time:  1-3 minutes

Learning Outcome:  05.F

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

7) Which of the following is NOT considered an organ of the alimentary canal?

1. A) Mouth
2. B) Pharynx
3. C) Gallbladder
4. D) Esophagus
5. E) Stomach

 

Answer:  C

Explanation:  The gallbladder is not an organ of the alimentary canal but an accessory organ of digestion.

Difficulty: 1 Easy

Topic:  Describe the alimentary canal and its accessory organs

Bloom’s:  Remember

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.1

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

8) The alimentary canal and accessory organs are a(n)

1. A) organelle
2. B) cell
3. C) tissue
4. D) organ
5. E) system

 

Answer:  E

Explanation:  The digestive system consists of the alimentary canal (digestive tract), which extends from the mouth to the anus, and accessory organs connected to the canal to assist in digestion.

Difficulty: 1 Easy

Topic:  Describe the alimentary canal and its accessory organs

Bloom’s:  Remember

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.1

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

9) The small and large intestines are part of the ________ system.

 

Answer:  digestive

Explanation:  The small and large intestines are part of the digestive system.

Difficulty: 1 Easy

Topic:  Describe the alimentary canal and its accessory organs

Bloom’s:  Remember

Est Time:  1-3 minutes

Learning Outcome:  05.1

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

10) Which of the following terms, meaning the tube linking the pharynx and the stomach, is spelled correctly?

1. A) Esofogus
2. B) Esophagis
3. C) Esofagis
4. D) Esophoges
5. E) Esophagus

 

Answer:  E

Explanation:  The correct spelling for the tube linking the pharynx and the stomach is esophagus, from the Greek for gullet.

Difficulty: 3 Hard

Topic:  Describe the alimentary canal and its accessory organs

Bloom’s:  Analyze

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.1

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

11) Which of the following terms means pertaining to the digestive tract?

1. A) Alimentary
2. B) Esophageal
3. C) Gastric
4. D) Intestinal
5. E) Segmental

 

Answer:  A

Explanation:  Alimentary means pertaining to the digestive tract. The term alimentary deconstructs into the suffix –ary meaning pertaining to and root aliment-, meaning nourishment.

Difficulty: 3 Hard

Topic:  Describe the alimentary canal and its accessory organs

Bloom’s:  Analyze

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.1

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

12) The term masticate means to

1. A) bite
2. B) chew
3. C) swallow
4. D) digest
5. E) eliminate

 

Answer:  B

Explanation:  Masticate means to chew. The term deconstructs into the suffix –ate meaning composed of, pertaining to and root mastic- meaning chew.

Difficulty: 1 Easy

Topic:  Relate the anatomy of the mouth to the function of mastication

Bloom’s:  Remember

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.4

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

 

13) A synonym for swallowing is

1. A) deglutition
2. B) mastication
3. C) regurgitation
4. D) emesis
5. E) reflux

 

Answer:  A

Explanation:  The act of swallowing is also known as deglutition. The term is derived from the Latin meaning to swallow.

Difficulty: 1 Easy

Topic:  Relate the anatomy of the pharynx and esophagus to the function of swallowing

Bloom’s:  Remember

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.6

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

14) The Roux-en-Y procedure is used to treat

1. A) glossodynia
2. B) obesity
3. C) dysphagia
4. D) hiatal hernia
5. E) esophageal varices

 

Answer:  B

Explanation:  The Roux-en-Y procedure is used to treat obesity by reducing the size of the stomach.

Difficulty: 2 Medium

Topic:  Discuss therapeutic procedures used in gastroenterology

Bloom’s:  Understand

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.17

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

 

15) The correct term that means removal of waste products is

1. A) deglutition
2. B) mastication
3. C) elimination
4. D) secretion
5. E) absorption

 

Answer:  C

Explanation:  Elimination is the correct term that means removal of waste products. The term deconstructs into the suffix –ation meaning process and root elimin- meaning throw away. All of the other terms are within the function of the digestive system.

Difficulty: 1 Easy

Topic:  Discuss the functions of the digestive system

Bloom’s:  Remember

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.2

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

16) The suffix in the term defecation means

1. A) away from
2. B) process
3. C) pertaining to
4. D) a condition
5. E) resembling

 

Answer:  B

Explanation:  The term defecation deconstructs into the suffix –ation meaning process, prefix de- meaning from or out of and root –fec- meaning feces. Defecation is the evacuation of feces from the rectum and anus.

Difficulty: 2 Medium

Topic:  Relate the anatomy of the large intestine to its functions

Bloom’s:  Understand

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.14

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

 

17) The term that refers to any small projection is ________, and its plural is ________.

1. A) palate; palates
2. B) papila; papillas
3. C) papilla; papillae
4. D) plaque; plaques
5. E) pulp; pulpes

 

Answer:  C

Explanation:  Papilla, and its plural form papillae are used frequently in medicine to describe a small projection, usually found on the tongue which contain the taste buds. The word is derived from the root meaning small pimple in Latin.

Difficulty: 3 Hard

Topic:  Relate the anatomy of the mouth to the function of mastication

Bloom’s:  Analyze

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.4

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

18) The normal adult has ________ teeth.

1. A) 16
2. B) 24
3. C) 28
4. D) 32
5. E) 38

 

Answer:  D

Explanation:  The normal adult has 32 teeth, 16 maxillary and 16 mandibular.

Difficulty: 1 Easy

Topic:  Relate the anatomy of the mouth to the function of mastication

Bloom’s:  Remember

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.4

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

19) The roof of the mouth is called the ________.

 

Answer:  palate

Explanation:  The roof of the mouth is called the palate. The term is derived from the Latin meaning palate.

Difficulty: 1 Easy

Topic:  Relate the anatomy of the mouth to the function of mastication

Bloom’s:  Remember

Est Time:  1-3 minutes

Learning Outcome:  05.4

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

 

20) Which tooth structure is the hardest substance in the body?

1. A) Dentin
2. B) Enamel
3. C) Pulp
4. D) Root canal
5. E) Crown

 

Answer:  B

Explanation:  Enamel covers the crown, the part of the tooth that protrudes from the gum. It is the hardest substance in the body.

Difficulty: 2 Medium

Topic:  Relate the anatomy of the mouth to the function of mastication

Bloom’s:  Understand

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.4

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

21) Which of the following is the best definition of an incisor?

1. A) A tooth with one point
2. B) A tooth with two points
3. C) A tooth for grinding food
4. D) An underdeveloped tooth
5. E) A chisel-shaped tooth

 

Answer:  E

Explanation:  Incisors are shaped like a chisel to slice and cut into food. The term is derived from the Latin meaning to cut into.

Difficulty: 2 Medium

Topic:  Relate the anatomy of the mouth to the function of mastication

Bloom’s:  Understand

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.4

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

22) The ________ moves food around your mouth and helps the cheeks, lips, and gums hold the food in place while you chew it.

 

Answer:  tongue

Explanation:  It is the tongue that moves food around the mouth and helps the cheeks, lips, and gums hold the food in place while chewing takes place.

Difficulty: 1 Easy

Topic:  Relate the anatomy of the mouth to the function of mastication

Bloom’s:  Remember

Est Time:  1-3 minutes

Learning Outcome:  05.4

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

23) The term chyme means

1. A) a digestive enzyme secreted by the pancreas
2. B) a semifluid, partially digested food passed from the stomach into the duodenum
3. C) a sticky secretion of mucous membranes
4. D) indigestion caused by regurgitation of stomach acid into the esophagus
5. E) an inflammation of the lining of the stomach

 

Answer:  B

Explanation:  Chyme, created in the stomach from a process of mechanical and chemical digestion, is semifluid, partially digested food passed from the stomach into the duodenum. The term is derived from the Greek meaning juice.

Difficulty: 2 Medium

Topic:  Relate the anatomy of the stomach and small intestine to the process of digestion

Bloom’s:  Understand

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.8

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

24) Which of the following terms means an inflammatory condition of the gums?

1. A) Sublingual
2. B) Periodontal
3. C) Gingivitis
4. D) Dental calculus
5. E) Glossodynia

 

Answer:  C

Explanation:  Gingivitis is an inflammation of the gums. The term deconstructs into the suffix –itis meaning inflammation and root gingiv- meaning gums. Periodontal means around a tooth; Glossodynia is a painful burning sensation of the tongue; Sublingual means pertaining to under the tongue and dental calculus is tartar (calcium deposits) at the gum margin of the tooth.

Difficulty: 3 Hard

Topic:  Describe disorders of the mouth

Bloom’s:  Analyze

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.5

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

 

25) Which term containing a prefix, root, and suffix means pertaining to under the tongue?

1. A) Parotid
2. B) Salivary
3. C) Enteric
4. D) Sublingual
5. E) Submandibular

 

Answer:  D

Explanation:  The term sublingual means pertaining to under the tongue. The term deconstructs into the suffix –al meaning pertaining to, prefix sub- meaning underneath and root –lingu- meaning tongue.

Difficulty: 3 Hard

Topic:  Construct medical terms associated with gastroenterology using word elements (roots, combining forms, prefixes, and suffixes)

Bloom’s:  Apply

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.C

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

26) Read this selection: A patient has Sjögren Syndrome, an autoimmune disease that affects the glands that produce saliva and tears. This leads to dry mouth and dry eyes. Which of the following statements best describes a patient with this syndrome?

1. A) The patient’s sense of taste is compromised because the taste buds do not function properly
2. B) The patient has difficulty sweating leading to abnormally high body temperatures
3. C) The patient has difficulty swallowing food
4. D) The patient’s eyesight is poor, eventually leading to blindness
5. E) The patient will recover from the disease because it is self-limiting.

 

Answer:  C

Explanation:  The patient with Sjögren Syndrome will have difficulty swallowing food due to the lack of saliva from the salivary glands. One of the functions of saliva is to produce mucus to lubricate the food to make it easier to swallow.

Difficulty: 3 Hard

Topic:  Describe disorders of the mouth

Bloom’s:  Apply

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.5

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

 

27) Which of the following terms has a prefix meaning two?

1. A) Triglyceride
2. B) Bicuspid
3. C) Monosaccharide
4. D) Periodontal
5. E) Polysaccharide

 

Answer:  B

Explanation:  Bicuspid means having two points; a bicuspid (premolar) tooth has two points. The term deconstructs into the suffix –id meaning having a particular quality, prefix bi- meaning two and root –cusp- meaning point.

Difficulty: 3 Hard

Topic:  Relate the anatomy of the mouth to the function of mastication

Bloom’s:  Analyze

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.4

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

28) Which of the following terms end in a suffix meaning enzyme?

1. A) Bolus
2. B) Peristalsis
3. C) Secretion
4. D) Lipase
5. E) Buccinators

 

Answer:  D

Explanation:  The term lipase ends in the suffix –ase, meaning enzyme.

Difficulty: 3 Hard

Topic:  Deconstruct medical terms associated with gastroenterology into their word element (roots, combining forms, prefixes, and suffixes)

Bloom’s:  Analyze

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.D

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

 

29) Which term containing a prefix, root, and suffix means pertaining to around a tooth?

1. A) Gingival
2. B) Circumoral
3. C) Periodontal
4. D) Leukoplakia
5. E) Orthodontist

 

Answer:  C

Explanation:  The term periodontal means pertaining to around a tooth. The term deconstructs into the suffix –al meaning pertaining to, prefix peri- meaning around and root –odont- meaning tooth.

Difficulty: 3 Hard

Topic:  Relate the anatomy of the mouth to the function of mastication

Bloom’s:  Analyze

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.4

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

30) Read this selection: Glossodynia is a painful burning sensation of the tongue. It occurs in postmenopausal women. Its cause is unknown, and there is no successful treatment. Which of the following statements best describes this condition?

1. A) It occurs during the childbearing period.
2. B) Its cause is well understood.
3. C) It is a complication of viral infections.
4. D) It happens in women who no longer have periods.
5. E) Antibiotics will clear it up.

 

Answer:  D

Explanation:  Glossodynia is a painful burning sensation of the tongue that occurs in postmenopausal women (women who stop having periods). The term deconstructs into the suffix –dynia meaning pain and root/combining form gloss/o- meaning tongue.

Difficulty: 3 Hard

Topic:  Describe disorders of the mouth

Bloom’s:  Apply

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.5

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

 

31) Which of the following terms has a word element meaning white?

1. A) Lysozyme
2. B) Hematemesis
3. C) Cyanosis
4. D) Aphthous ulcer
5. E) Leukoplakia

 

Answer:  E

Explanation:  Leukoplakia has a root/combining form leuk/o- meaning white. Leukoplakia is a white plaque seen anywhere in the mouth. It is more common in the elderly and is often associated with smoking or chewing tobacco; approximately 3% turn into oral cancer.

Difficulty: 3 Hard

Topic:  Deconstruct medical terms associated with gastroenterology into their word element (roots, combining forms, prefixes, and suffixes)

Bloom’s:  Analyze

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.D

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

32) The definition of the term halitosis is

1. A) a painful, burning tongue
2. B) a bad odor of the breath
3. C) an infection with Candida albicans
4. D) a bacterial destruction of teeth
5. E) a regurgitation of stomach contents into the esophagus

 

Answer:  B

Explanation:  The word halitosis means bad odor of the breath. The term deconstructs into the suffix –osis meaning condition and root halit- meaning breath.

Difficulty: 2 Medium

Topic:  Describe disorders of the mouth

Bloom’s:  Understand

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.5

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

 

33) The term that means bacterial destruction of the teeth is

1. A) thrush
2. B) pyorrhea
3. C) caries
4. D) canker
5. E) abscess

 

Answer:  C

Explanation:  Dental caries refers to tooth destruction by bacteria. The term is derived from the Latin meaning dry rot.

Difficulty: 3 Hard

Topic:  Describe disorders of the mouth

Bloom’s:  Analyze

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.5

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

34) A dental calculus is also known as ________.

 

Answer:  tartar

Explanation:  The synonym for dental calculus is tartar. Tartar is a calcified deposit at the gingival margin of the teeth.

Difficulty: 1 Easy

Topic:  Describe disorders of the mouth

Bloom’s:  Remember

Est Time:  1-3 minutes

Learning Outcome:  05.5

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

35) The structure that closes so that food cannot enter the larynx and trachea is the ________.

 

Answer:  epiglottis

Explanation:  The epiglottis is a leaf-shaped plate of cartilage that shuts off the larynx during swallowing. The term deconstructs into the prefix epi- meaning above and root –glottis meaning windpipe.

Difficulty: 1 Easy

Topic:  Relate the anatomy of the pharynx and esophagus to the function of swallowing

Bloom’s:  Remember

Est Time:  1-3 minutes

Learning Outcome:  05.6

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

 

36) ________ is the Latin word for an opening through a structure and is the opening through the diaphragm for the ________.

1. A) Hiatus and esophagus
2. B) Hyatus and esaphogis
3. C) Hiatis and esophogus
4. D) Hiatal and esophageal
5. E) Hyatis and esaphogus

 

Answer:  A

Explanation:  The correct spellings of the terms used in the sentence are hiatus and esophagus. Hiatus refers to an opening through a structure and the esophagus is the tube that links the pharynx and stomach.

Difficulty: 3 Hard

Topic:  Relate the anatomy of the pharynx and esophagus to the function of swallowing

Bloom’s:  Analyze

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.6

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

37) A male patient was admitted to the hospital because he was vomiting bright red blood. Which of the following terms would be used to document this fact in the patient’s chart?

1. A) Hemorrhoid
2. B) Hematemesis
3. C) Regurgitation
4. D) Hematochezia
5. E) Melena

 

Answer:  B

Explanation:  The term hematemesis means vomiting of bright red blood. The term deconstructs into the suffix –emesis from the Greek meaning vomiting and root hemat- meaning blood.

Difficulty: 3 Hard

Topic:  Describe overall disorders of the alimentary system to include gastrointestinal bleeding

Bloom’s:  Analyze

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.3

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

 

38) Which of the following terms means protrusion of a structure through the tissue that normally contains it?

1. A) Perforation
2. B) Intussusception
3. C) Hernia
4. D) Varices
5. E) Reflux

 

Answer:  C

Explanation:  The term hernia is derived from the Latin meaning rupture. It refers to a protrusion of a structure through the tissue that normally contains it.

Difficulty: 2 Medium

Topic:  Discuss disorders of the stomach and small intestine

Bloom’s:  Understand

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.9

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

39) Which of the following terms has a word element that means after?

1. A) Regurgitation
2. B) Postprandial
3. C) Pyorrhea
4. D) Sublingual
5. E) Periodontics

 

Answer:  B

Explanation:  Postprandial, meaning after a meal, deconstructs into the following word elements: suffix –ial meaning pertaining to, prefix post– meaning after and root – prand– meaning meal.

Difficulty: 3 Hard

Topic:  Discuss disorders of the stomach and small intestine

Bloom’s:  Analyze

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.9

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

 

40) The virus that causes cold sores is abbreviated

1. A) HSV-1
2. B) HIV
3. C) RSV
4. D) SSA
5. E) ESR

 

Answer:  A

Explanation:  Cold sores, also known as fever blisters, are recurrent ulcers of the lips, lining of the mouth, and gums caused by infection with the virus herpes simplex type I (HSV-1).

Difficulty: 1 Easy

Topic:  Use approved abbreviations of medical terms associated with gastroenterology in the correct context of medical care

Bloom’s:  Remember

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.E

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

41) The term that means pertaining to the stomach is

1. A) gastric
2. B) cecal
3. C) alimentary
4. D) gastral
5. E) gastreal

 

Answer:  A

Explanation:  The term that means pertaining to the stomach is gastric. The term deconstructs into the suffix –ic meaning pertaining to and root gastr– meaning stomach.

Difficulty: 3 Hard

Topic:  Use the medical terms of gastroenterology to communicate and document in writing accurately and precisely in any health care setting

Bloom’s:  Analyze

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.A

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

 

42) The general term used to describe a group of diseases in which intestinal uptake of nutrients is impaired is

1. A) constipation
2. B) lactose intolerance
3. C) impaired glucose tolerance
4. D) malabsorption syndromes
5. E) dysentery

 

Answer:  D

Explanation:  Malabsorption syndromes are a group of diseases in which intestinal absorption of nutrients is impaired. Included in the malabsorption syndromes are malnutrition, lactose intolerance, constipation, dysentery, Crohn’s disease and gastroenteritis.

Difficulty: 2 Medium

Topic:  Discuss malabsorption syndromes and their diagnoses

Bloom’s:  Understand

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.13

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

43) A hiatal hernia occurs when a portion of the stomach protrudes through the

1. A) esophagus
2. B) diaphragm
3. C) umbilicus
4. D) pyloric sphincter
5. E) epiglottis

 

Answer:  B

Explanation:  A hiatal hernia occurs when a portion of the stomach protrudes through the diaphragm.

Difficulty: 2 Medium

Topic:  Describe disorders of the esophagus

Bloom’s:  Understand

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.7

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

 

44) A patient was admitted to the hospital with dilated, tortuous veins in the esophagus. The term for this condition is

1. A) esophagitis
2. B) varicose esophagus
3. C) esophageal varices
4. D) gastroesophageal reflux
5. E) hiatal hernia

 

Answer:  C

Explanation:  Esophageal varices are dilated, tortuous veins in the esophagus. They are asymptomatic until they rupture, causing massive bleeding and hematemesis. They are a complication of cirrhosis of the liver. The term esophageal deconstructs into the suffix –eal meaning pertaining to and root esophag- meaning esophagus. Varices, the plural form of varix, means a dilated, tortuous vein.

Difficulty: 2 Medium

Topic:  Describe disorders of the esophagus

Bloom’s:  Understand

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.7

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

45) The RD in GERD stands for

1. A) registered dietician
2. B) retrograde dilation
3. C) regurgitative destruction
4. D) roux-en-Y disease
5. E) reflux disease

 

Answer:  E

Explanation:  GERD is an acronym for gastroesophageal reflux disease. In this condition, the stomach’s acid contents are regurgitated back into the esophagus, often when a person is lying down at night.

Difficulty: 1 Easy

Topic:  Use approved abbreviations of medical terms associated with gastroenterology in the correct context of medical care

Bloom’s:  Remember

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.E

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

 

46) The adjective form of varix, meaning a dilated, tortuous vein, is

1. A) Varices
2. B) Varical
3. C) Varicose
4. D) Varigeal
5. E) Varigous

 

Answer:  C

Explanation:  Varicose, meaning characterized by or affected with varices, is the adjective form of varix, meaning a dilated, tortuous vein.

Difficulty: 2 Medium

Topic:  Use the medical terms of gastroenterology to communicate and document in writing accurately and precisely in any health care setting

Bloom’s:  Understand

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.A

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

47) The medical term for an “upset stomach” with epigastric pain, nausea, and gas is

1. A) dysphagia
2. B) deglutition
3. C) dyspepsia
4. D) dyslexia
5. E) canker

 

Answer:  C

Explanation:  Dyspepsia is the medical term for a condition of upset stomach with epigastric pain, nausea, and gas. The term deconstructs into the suffix –ia meaning condition, prefix dys- meaning bad and root –peps- meaning digestion.

Difficulty: 3 Hard

Topic:  Discuss disorders of the stomach and small intestine

Bloom’s:  Analyze

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.9

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

 

48) What is the classification of medication that suppresses gastric acid secretion in the lining of the stomach by blocking the secretion of gastric acid from the cells into the lumen of the stomach? Examples include Omeprazole (Prilosec) and Lansoprazole (Prevacid). ________

 

Answer:  proton pump inhibitors

Explanation:  Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are medications that suppress gastric acid secretion in the lining of the stomach by blocking the secretion of gastric acid from the cells into the lumen of the stomach.

Difficulty: 2 Medium

Topic:  Define the types of pharmacologic agents used in gastroenterology

Bloom’s:  Understand

Est Time:  1-3 minutes

Learning Outcome:  05.18

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

49) Which of the following terms means an examination of the contents of the abdomen using an endoscope?

1. A) Laparoscopy
2. B) Celioscopy
3. C) Gastroscopy
4. D) Abdomenoscopy
5. E) Enteroscopy

 

Answer:  A

Explanation:  Laparoscopy refers to an examination of the contents of the abdomen using an endoscope. A thin, lighted tube is inserted through a small incision into the abdominal wall to examine abdominal and pelvic organs. The term deconstructs into the suffix –scopy meaning to view and root/combining form lapar/o– meaning abdomen in general.

Difficulty: 3 Hard

Topic:  Discuss therapeutic procedures used in gastroenterology

Bloom’s:  Analyze

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.17

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

 

50) Starting from the pylorus, the segments of the small intestine, in order, are

1. A) ileum, jejunum, and duodenum
2. B) jejunum, duodenum, and ileum
3. C) jejunum, ileum, and duodenum
4. D) duodenum, jejunum, and ileum
5. E) duodenum, cecum, and ileum

 

Answer:  D

Explanation:  Duodenum, jejunum and ileum are the correct order.

Difficulty: 1 Easy

Topic:  Relate the anatomy of the stomach and small intestine to the process of digestion

Bloom’s:  Remember

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.8

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

51) The classification of medications, taken orally, to neutralize gastric acid and relieve heartburn are ________.

 

Answer:  antacids

Explanation:  Antacids are taken orally to neutralize gastric acid, relieve heartburn and acid indigestion. Examples include Maalox, Tums and Rolaids.

Difficulty: 2 Medium

Topic:  Define the types of pharmacologic agents used in gastroenterology

Bloom’s:  Understand

Est Time:  1-3 minutes

Learning Outcome:  05.18

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

52) The interior space of a tube-like structure is called a ________.

 

Answer:  lumen

Explanation:  A lumen is the interior space of a tube-like structure. The term is derived from the Latin meaning light, window.

Difficulty: 2 Medium

Topic:  Relate the anatomy of the large intestine to its functions

Bloom’s:  Understand

Est Time:  1-3 minutes

Learning Outcome:  05.14

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

 

53) Which of the following sets of singular terms followed by its plural form is correct?

1. A) Villus; villi
2. B) Viscus; viscusses
3. C) Varix; varixes
4. D) Lipid; lipides
5. E) Diverticulum; diverticulums

 

Answer:  A

Explanation:  Villus is the singular term; villi is the plural. The terms originate from the Latin for shaggy hair. Villi are thin, hair-like projections, particularly those of a mucous membrane lining a cavity.

Difficulty: 3 Hard

Topic:  Relate the anatomy of the stomach and small intestine to the process of digestion

Bloom’s:  Analyze

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.8

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

54) What is the name of the disorder affecting the small intestine in which one is allergic to gluten?

 

Answer:  celiac disease

Celiac Disease

Explanation:  Celiac disease is a disorder of the small intestine in which someone is allergic to gluten, a protein found in wheat, rye, barley, and other grains. The term celiac deconstructs into the suffix –ac meaning pertaining to and root celi- meaning abdomen; disease deconstructs into the prefix dis- meaning apart and root –ease meaning normal function.

Difficulty: 2 Medium

Topic:  Discuss disorders of the stomach and small intestine

Bloom’s:  Understand

Est Time:  1-3 minutes

Learning Outcome:  05.9

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

 

55) Which of the following terms means an inflammation of the stomach and intestines?

1. A) Malnutrition
2. B) Dyspepsia
3. C) Stomatitis
4. D) Gastroenteritis
5. E) Gastrointestitis

 

Answer:  D

Explanation:  Gastroenteritis (stomach “flu”), an infection of the stomach and intestine that can be caused by a large variety of bacteria and viruses, can result in acute vomiting and diarrhea. The term deconstructs into the suffix –itis meaning inflammation, root/combining form gastr/o- meaning stomach and root –enter- meaning intestines.

Difficulty: 3 Hard

Topic:  Discuss disorders of the stomach and small intestine

Bloom’s:  Analyze

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.9

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

56) Which of the following terms, containing a combining form, root, and suffix, refers to a condition involving the liver?

1. A) Hepatitis
2. B) Cholestatic
3. C) Hemochromatosis
4. D) Glycemic
5. E) Triglyceride

 

Answer:  C

Explanation:  Hemochromatosis is a condition in which dangerously high levels of iron in the body occurs with deposition of iron pigments in the tissues, particularly in the liver, leading to liver failure. The term deconstructs into the suffix –osis meaning condition, root/combining form hem/o- meaning blood and root -chromat- meaning color. The remaining terms do not contain all three word elements.

Difficulty: 3 Hard

Topic:  Deconstruct medical terms associated with gastroenterology into their word element (roots, combining forms, prefixes, and suffixes)

Bloom’s:  Analyze

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.D

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

 

57) Which of the following terms means yellow staining of tissues with bile pigments, including bilirubin?

1. A) Icterus
2. B) Hemoglobin
3. C) Glycosuria
4. D) Hemoglobinuria
5. E) Hemochromatosis

 

Answer:  A

Explanation:  Icterus (synonym jaundice) is derived from the Greek (jaundice) and French (yellowness) and means yellow staining of tissues with bile pigments, including bilirubin.

Difficulty: 1 Easy

Topic:  Discuss disorders of the liver, gallbladder, and pancreas that affect digestion

Bloom’s:  Remember

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.11

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

58) Which of the following terms, meaning conversion of protein and fats into glucose, is spelled correctly?

1. A) glycogeneosis
2. B) gluconeaginisis
3. C) glyconeogenusus
4. D) gluconeogenesis
5. E) glyconeugenisis

 

Answer:  D

Explanation:  The liver converts proteins and fats into glucose, a process called gluconeogenesis. The term deconstructs into the suffix –genesis meaning creation, root/combining form gluc/o- meaning sugar and prefix –neo- meaning new.

Difficulty: 3 Hard

Topic:  Use the medical terms of gastroenterology to communicate and document in writing accurately and precisely in any health care setting

Bloom’s:  Analyze

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.A

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

 

59) The largest internal organ in the body is the

1. A) pancreas
2. B) liver
3. C) kidney
4. D) stomach
5. E) gallbladder

 

Answer:  B

Explanation:  The largest organ of the body is the skin, but the largest internal organ in the body is the liver.

Difficulty: 1 Easy

Topic:  Describe the alimentary canal and its accessory organs

Bloom’s:  Remember

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.1

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

60) Bile is secreted by the ________ into the ________.

1. A) pancreas; stomach
2. B) gallbladder; jejunum
3. C) stomach; duodenum
4. D) liver; duodenum
5. E) gallbladder; duodenum

 

Answer:  E

Explanation:  The gallbladder stores and concentrates bile that the liver produces and releases the bile into the duodenum.

Difficulty: 1 Easy

Topic:  Relate the anatomy of the liver, gallbladder, and pancreas to their functions in digestion

Bloom’s:  Remember

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.10

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

61) A disease, most frequently caused by alcoholism, in which normal liver cells are replaced with hard, fibrous scar tissue is ________.

 

Answer:  cirrhosis

Explanation:  Cirrhosis is a chronic, irreversible disease, replacing normal liver cells with hard, fibrous scar tissue. The most common cause of cirrhosis is alcoholism. Cirrhosis deconstructs into the suffix –osis meaning condition and root cirrh- meaning yellow.

Difficulty: 3 Hard

Topic:  Discuss disorders of the liver, gallbladder, and pancreas that affect digestion

Bloom’s:  Remember

Est Time:  1-3 minutes

Learning Outcome:  05.11

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

62) Hemolytic jaundice results from ________ of red blood cells and release of excess ________.

1. A) increased size; bilirubin
2. B) decreased production; hemoglobin
3. C) increased production; globulin
4. D) decreased destruction; ALT
5. E) increased destruction; bilirubin

 

Answer:  E

Explanation:  Hemolytic jaundice results from an accelerated destruction of red blood cells such that the liver cannot remove the excess bilirubin fast enough. This is most often seen in newborn infants due to blood group incompatibility between mother and infant. The term hemolytic deconstructs into the suffix –tic meaning pertaining to, root/combining form hem/o- meaning blood and root –ly- meaning break down. Jaundice is the yellow staining of tissues with bile pigments, including bilirubin.

Difficulty: 2 Medium

Topic:  Discuss disorders of the liver, gallbladder, and pancreas that affect digestion

Bloom’s:  Understand

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.11

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

63) The root in the term hepatitis means

1. A) inflammation
2. B) a condition
3. C) blood
4. D) liver
5. E) gallbladder

 

Answer:  D

Explanation:  The root in the term hepatitis is hepat-, meaning liver; the suffix is –itis meaning inflammation.

Difficulty: 3 Hard

Topic:  Deconstruct medical terms associated with gastroenterology into their word element (roots, combining forms, prefixes, and suffixes)

Bloom’s:  Analyze

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.D

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

 

64) The H in HAV, HBV, and HCV stands for

1. A) herpes
2. B) hepatitis
3. C) human
4. D) hemoglobin
5. E) hemolytic

 

Answer:  B

Explanation:  The H in these acronyms stands for hepatitis. The V stands for virus. The letters A, B, and C, refer to the type of virus causing the hepatitis.

Difficulty: 1 Easy

Topic:  Use approved abbreviations of medical terms associated with gastroenterology in the correct context of medical care

Bloom’s:  Remember

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.E

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

65) The adjective form of the term bile is

1. A) biliary
2. B) bilious
3. C) biliate
4. D) bilbous
5. E) bilient

 

Answer:  A

Explanation:  Biliary is the adjective form of bile. The term deconstructs into the suffix –ary meaning pertaining to and root/combining form bil/i- meaning bile.

Difficulty: 2 Medium

Topic:  Relate the anatomy of the liver, gallbladder, and pancreas to their functions in digestion

Bloom’s:  Understand

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.10

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

 

66) Which of the following terms means stopping the flow of bile?

1. A) Cirrhosis
2. B) Cholestatic
3. C) Cholesterol
4. D) Choledocholithiasis
5. E) Cholecystitis

 

Answer:  B

Explanation:  Cholestatic means stopping the flow of bile. The term deconstructs into the suffix –ic meaning pertaining to, root/combining form chol/e- meaning bile and root –stat- meaning standing still.

Difficulty: 3 Hard

Topic:  Discuss disorders of the liver, gallbladder, and pancreas that affect digestion

Bloom’s:  Analyze

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.11

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

67) Which of the following abbreviations is an acronym for a group of lab tests used to measure how well the liver is functioning?

1. A) ESR
2. B) AST
3. C) LFT
4. D) SSA
5. E) BP

 

Answer:  C

Explanation:  LFT is the acronym for liver function tests, which are a group of tests used to show how well a liver is functioning.

Difficulty: 2 Medium

Topic:  Use approved abbreviations of medical terms associated with gastroenterology in the correct context of medical care

Bloom’s:  Understand

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.E

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

 

68) What is the meaning of the term hepatocellular?

1. A) A condition of liver cells
2. B) Pertaining to liver cells
3. C) Pertaining to blood making cells
4. D) Pertaining to production of liver cells
5. E) A condition of blood cell destruction

 

Answer:  B

Explanation:  Hepatocellular means pertaining to liver cells. The term deconstructs into the suffix –ar meaning pertaining to, root/combining form hepat/o- meaning liver and root –cellul- meaning small cell.

Difficulty: 3 Hard

Topic:  Deconstruct medical terms associated with gastroenterology into their word element (roots, combining forms, prefixes, and suffixes)

Bloom’s:  Analyze

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.D

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

69) The term that refers to the membrane that lines the abdominal cavity is ________.

 

Answer:  peritoneum

Explanation:  The peritoneum is the membrane that lines the abdominal cavity.

Difficulty: 3 Hard

Topic:  Relate the anatomy of the stomach and small intestine to the process of digestion

Bloom’s:  Apply

Est Time:  1-3 minutes

Learning Outcome:  05.8

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

 

 

70) A patient was admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of gallstones. The medical term for this condition is

1. A) cholelithiasis
2. B) choledocholithiasis
3. C) choledocholithosis
4. D) cholethosis
5. E) cholecystitis

 

Answer:  A

Explanation:  The medical term for gallstones is cholelithiasis. The term deconstructs into the suffix –iasis meaning condition, root/combining form chol/e- meaning bile and root –lith- meaning stones. Stones may form in the gallbladder from excess cholesterol, bile salts, and bile pigment.

Difficulty: 3 Hard

Topic:  Discuss disorders of the liver, gallbladder, and pancreas that affect digestion

Bloom’s:  Analyze

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.11

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

71) Which of the following abbreviations refers to a nonsurgical procedure that can be used to remove gallstones?

1. A) ERCP
2. B) ESWL
3. C) ESR
4. D) LFT
5. E) ESBL

 

Answer:  A

Explanation:  Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is a nonsurgical procedure that can be used to remove gallstones. An endoscope is passed orally into the duodenum where the surgeon can visualize the inside of the duodenum and inject radiographic contrast dye into the biliary ducts.

Difficulty: 2 Medium

Topic:  Use approved abbreviations of medical terms associated with gastroenterology in the correct context of medical care

Bloom’s:  Understand

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.E

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

 

 

72) Two words that describe the function of the pancreas and are opposite in meaning are

1. A) monosaccharide and polysaccharide
2. B) exocrine and endocrine
3. C) inferior and superior
4. D) intracellular and extracellular
5. E) pepsin and trypsin

 

Answer:  B

Explanation:  Terms that describe the functions of the pancreas and are opposite in meaning are exocrine and endocrine. The pancreas performs both glandular functions: endocrine, where insulin and glucagon are secreted directly into the bloodstream; exocrine, where digestive enzymes are secreted into the pancreatic duct for delivery to the duodenum via the common bile duct where pancreatic and bile juices then enter the duodenum. The terms endocrine and exocrine deconstruct into the prefixes endo- meaning within, exo- meaning outside and root –crine meaning secrete.

Difficulty: 2 Medium

Topic:  Relate the anatomy of the liver, gallbladder, and pancreas to their functions in digestion

Bloom’s:  Understand

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.10

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

73) ________ is the medical term for inflammation of the pancreas.

 

Answer:  Pancreatitis

Explanation:  Pancreatitis is the medical term for inflammation of the pancreas. The suffix –itis means inflammation and the root pancreat- means pancreas.

Difficulty: 3 Hard

Topic:  Construct medical terms associated with gastroenterology using word elements (roots, combining forms, prefixes, and suffixes)

Bloom’s:  Apply

Est Time:  1-3 minutes

Learning Outcome:  05.C

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

 

 

74) Which of the following terms containing a prefix, root, and suffix means the same as a starch?

1. A) Monoglyceride
2. B) Monosaccharide
3. C) Polysaccharide
4. D) Glycolysis
5. E) Glycogenolysis

 

Answer:  C

Explanation:  Starch is a polysaccharide carbohydrate. The term polysaccharide deconstructs into the following word elements: prefix poly- meaning many; root –sacchar- meaning sugar; and suffix –ide meaning having a particular quality.

Difficulty: 3 Hard

Topic:  Deconstruct medical terms associated with gastroenterology into their word element (roots, combining forms, prefixes, and suffixes)

Bloom’s:  Analyze

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.D

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

75) The suffix that is used to form the names of enzymes is

1. A) -ic
2. B) -al
3. C) -ase
4. D) -ous
5. E) –ion

 

Answer:  C

Explanation:  The suffix used to form the names of enzymes is –ase such as lipase and protease. The suffixes –ic, –al and –ous mean pertaining to; -ion means action.

Difficulty: 1 Easy

Topic:  Use the medical terms of gastroenterology to communicate and document in writing accurately and precisely in any health care setting

Bloom’s:  Remember

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.A

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

 

 

76) Which of the following terms that is synonymous with regional enteritis is spelled correctly?

1. A) Krown’s disease
2. B) Chron’s disease
3. C) Crone’s disease
4. D) Crohn’s disease
5. E) Crown’s disease

 

Answer:  D

Explanation:  Crohn’s disease (regional enteritis) is an inflammation of the small intestine, frequently the ileum and occasionally the large intestine. The symptoms are abdominal pain, diarrhea, fatigue, and weight loss.

Difficulty: 3 Hard

Topic:  Use the medical terms of gastroenterology to communicate and document in writing accurately and precisely in any health care setting

Bloom’s:  Analyze

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.A

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

77) Which of the following terms means abnormally frequent and loose stools?

1. A) Constipation
2. B) Diarrhea
3. C) Dysentery
4. D) Gastroenteritis
5. E) Celiac disease

 

Answer:  B

Explanation:  Diarrhea is the medical term for abnormally frequent and loose stools. The term deconstructs into the suffix –rrhea meaning flow, discharge and prefix dia- meaning complete, through.

Difficulty: 2 Medium

Topic:  Discuss malabsorption syndromes and their diagnoses

Bloom’s:  Understand

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.13

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

 

 

78) The medical term sigmoid is formed from a word element that means

1. A) Around
2. B) Shaped like a circle
3. C) C-shaped
4. D) S-Shaped
5. E) Straight

 

Answer:  D

Explanation:  The term sigmoid is formed from the suffix –oid, meaning resembling and root sigm-, the Greek letter “S”. The sigmoid colon is S-shaped.

Difficulty: 1 Easy

Topic:  Relate the anatomy of the large intestine to its functions

Bloom’s:  Remember

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.14

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

79) The B in BM stands for

1. A) bolus
2. B) bowel
3. C) bulimia
4. D) barium
5. E) bilirubin

 

Answer:  B

Explanation:  BM is an acronym for bowel movement.

Difficulty: 1 Easy

Topic:  Use approved abbreviations of medical terms associated with gastroenterology in the correct context of medical care

Bloom’s:  Remember

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.E

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

 

 

80) A synonym for bend is

1. A) reflux
2. B) flexure
3. C) fracture
4. D) fixation
5. E) vermiform

 

Answer:  B

Explanation:  Flexure is a synonym for bend. The colon (large intestine) is a structure with multiple flexures, for example, the hepatic flexure at the junction of the ascending and transverse colon and the splenic flexure at the junction with the descending colon.

Difficulty: 1 Easy

Topic:  Relate the anatomy of the large intestine to its functions

Bloom’s:  Remember

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.14

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

81) The functions of the large intestine are absorption, secretion, digestion, peristalsis and ________.

 

Answer:  elimination

Explanation:  The functions of the large intestine are absorption, secretion, digestion, peristalsis, and elimination.

Difficulty: 2 Medium

Topic:  Relate the anatomy of the large intestine to its functions

Bloom’s:  Understand

Est Time:  1-3 minutes

Learning Outcome:  05.14

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

 

82) The acronym for an increasingly common disorder of the large intestine, presenting with crampy pains, gas, and changes in bowel health to either diarrhea or constipation, with an unknown cause, is

1. A) GERD
2. B) BM
3. C) IBS
4. D) IBD
5. E) DRE

 

Answer:  C

Explanation:  Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is an increasingly common large-bowel disorder, presenting with crampy pains, gas, and changes in bowel habits to either constipation or diarrhea. There are no anatomical changes seen in the bowel, and the cause is unknown.

Difficulty: 2 Medium

Topic:  Use approved abbreviations of medical terms associated with gastroenterology in the correct context of medical care

Bloom’s:  Understand

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.E

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

83) The medical condition in which one part of the bowel slips inside another part, thereby causing an obstruction is

1. A) proctitis
2. B) gastrocolic reflex
3. C) ulcerative colitis
4. D) intussusception
5. E) diverticulosis

 

Answer:  D

Explanation:  Intussusception is a medical condition in which one part of the small intestine telescopes or slips inside a neighboring portion of the small intestine part, typically causing an obstruction. The term deconstructs into the suffix –ion meaning action, prefix intus- meaning within and root –suscept- meaning to take up.

Difficulty: 2 Medium

Topic:  Discuss disorders of the large intestine

Bloom’s:  Understand

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.15

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

 

84) The test to detect the presence of blood not visible to the naked eye is

1. A) fecal occult blood test
2. B) barium enema
3. C) colonoscopy
4. D) digital rectal exam
5. E) anoscopy

 

Answer:  A

Explanation:  The fecal occult blood test (Hemoccult test) is used to detect the presence of blood not visible to the naked eye. The word occult is from the Latin meaning to hide.

Difficulty: 1 Easy

Topic:  Describe diagnostic procedures used in gastroenterology

Bloom’s:  Remember

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.16

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

85) Which of the following terms means a procedure for removing a mass of tissue projecting into the bowel?

1. A) Hemorrhoidectomy
2. B) Polypectomy
3. C) Cystectomy
4. D) Appendectomy
5. E) Diverticulectomy

 

Answer:  B

Explanation:  A polyp is a mass of tissue arising from the wall of the large intestine and other tube-like structures that protrudes into the bowel lumen. A polypectomy is the procedure for removal (-ectomy) of a mass of tissue projecting into, for example, the bowel (polyp-).

Difficulty: 3 Hard

Topic:  Discuss therapeutic procedures used in gastroenterology

Bloom’s:  Analyze

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.17

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

 

86) The medical term enema means

1. A) removal of a specific part of an organ
2. B) pertaining to a finger or toe
3. C) a surgically made union between two tubular structures
4. D) the use of an endoscope
5. E) injection of fluid into the rectum

 

Answer:  E

Explanation:  An enema is an injection of fluid into the rectum and is derived from the Greek for an injection. In a barium enema, the contrast medium barium sulfate is injected into the large intestine as an enema and x-ray films are taken.

Difficulty: 2 Medium

Topic:  Describe diagnostic procedures used in gastroenterology

Bloom’s:  Understand

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.16

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

87) A colostomy results in an artificial opening from the ________ to the ________.

1. A) esophagus; stomach
2. B) stomach; large intestine
3. C) large intestine; outside of the body
4. D) stomach; outside of the body
5. E) small intestine; outside of the body

 

Answer:  C

Explanation:  A colostomy is a surgical procedure that results in an artificial opening from the colon to the outside of the body. The term deconstructs into the suffix –stomy meaning new opening, roots col- meaning colon and –os- meaning mouth.

Difficulty: 3 Hard

Topic:  Discuss therapeutic procedures used in gastroenterology

Bloom’s:  Apply

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.17

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

 

88) The medical term for the passage of bright red bloody stools; usually indicative of lower GI bowel bleeding from the sigmoid colon, rectum or anus is ________.

 

Answer:  hematochezia

Explanation:  Hematochezia is the medical term for passage of bright red bloody stools. The term deconstructs into the suffix –chezia meaning pass a stool and root/combining form hemat/o meaning blood.

Difficulty: 3 Hard

Topic:  Describe overall disorders of the alimentary system to include gastrointestinal bleeding

Bloom’s:  Apply

Est Time:  1-3 minutes

Learning Outcome:  05.3

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

89) A patient presents in the emergency room (ER) complaining of right upper quadrant pain. The physician notes a positive Murphy’s sign on physical examination. This finding is most indicative of

1. A) intolerance to gluten
2. B) twisting of the intestines
3. C) slippage of one part of the bowel into another
4. D) inflammation of the gallbladder
5. E) inflammation of the liver

 

Answer:  D

Explanation:  Tenderness in the right subcostal area on inspiration is called a positive Murphy’s sign and is often associated with acute cholecystitis, an inflammation of the gallbladder.

Difficulty: 3 Hard

Topic:  Discuss disorders of the liver, gallbladder, and pancreas that affect digestion

Bloom’s:  Analyze

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.11

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

 

90) A patient with cholelithiasis has pale-colored stools. The nurse attributes the cause to be

1. A) the inability to utilize bilirubin
2. B) the inability of bilirubin to enter the duodenum
3. C) the inability to breakdown bilirubin
4. D) the inability to conjugate bilirubin
5. E) the inability to form bilirubin

 

Answer:  B

Explanation:  A patient with cholelithiasis has an obstruction of the cystic duct with a stone. The patient experiences pale-colored stools because bilirubin cannot get into the duodenum. The term cholelithiasis deconstructs into the suffix –iasis meaning condition, root/combining form chol/e- meaning bile, and root –lith- meaning stone.

Difficulty: 3 Hard

Topic:  Discuss disorders of the liver, gallbladder, and pancreas that affect digestion

Bloom’s:  Analyze

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.11

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

91) A patient with chronic cirrhosis of the liver presents with ascites which is caused by

1. A) enlargement of the liver
2. B) blockage of the blood flow through the portal vein
3. C) difficulty in passing stool
4. D) pressure on the aorta
5. E) malnutrition

 

Answer:  B

Explanation:  Ascites refers to an accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity which is caused by back pressure from the blockage of the flow of blood in the portal vein. The term deconstructs into the suffix –ites meaning associated with and root asc- meaning belly.

Difficulty: 2 Medium

Topic:  Discuss disorders of the liver, gallbladder, and pancreas that affect digestion

Bloom’s:  Understand

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.11

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

 

92) A dietician has been consulted to work with Mrs. Jones, a 50 year old patient with cholelithiasis. The dietician educates Mrs. Jones on adhering to a diet that reduces the

30. A) grams of protein consumed per day to 30.
31. B) grams of carbohydrates consumed per day to 95.
32. C) consumption of alcohol to three drinks/week
33. D) consumption of sodium to 1000 mg per day
34. E) consumption of foods high in cholesterol

 

Answer:  E

Explanation:  The risk factors for cholelithiasis (gallstones) are obesity, high-cholesterol diets, multiple pregnancies, and rapid weight loss.

Difficulty: 3 Hard

Topic:  Discuss disorders of the liver, gallbladder, and pancreas that affect digestion

Bloom’s:  Analyze

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.11

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

93) A patient with pancreatitis has severe abdominal pain. The cause of the pain is

1. A) the buildup of trypsin and its digestion of parts of the pancreas
2. B) the swollen pancreas being pressed up against other organs
3. C) reduced blood flow to the pancreas
4. D) formation of blood clots within the pancreas
5. E) the damage to surrounding nerves from pancreatic enzymes

 

Answer:  A

Explanation:  Pancreatitis refers to an inflammation of the pancreas. The pancreatic enzyme trypsin builds up and digests parts of the pancreas causing intense pain. The term deconstructs into the suffix –itis meaning inflammation and root pancreat- meaning pancreas.

Difficulty: 2 Medium

Topic:  Discuss disorders of the liver, gallbladder, and pancreas that affect digestion

Bloom’s:  Understand

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.11

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

 

94) All of the following food items should be eliminated in the diet of a patient with celiac disease EXCEPT

1. A) vegetable barley soup
2. B) whole wheat bread
3. C) potato chips
4. D) beer
5. E) rye crackers

 

Answer:  C

Explanation:  Celiac disease is sensitivity to the protein gluten which is found in wheat, rye, and barley. Patients with celiac disease may have food made from potatoes.

Difficulty: 3 Hard

Topic:  Discuss malabsorption syndromes and their diagnoses

Bloom’s:  Apply

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.13

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

95) Patients with malabsorption syndromes, such as Celiac disease, typically experience neuropathy. The cause of the neuropathy is due to

1. A) loss of electrolytes such as potassium and sodium
2. B) high levels of sugar in the blood
3. C) breakdown of blood causing excess levels of bilirubin
4. D) vitamin B12 deficiency due to the lack of intrinsic factor
5. E) intolerance of lactose

 

Answer:  D

Explanation:  Malabsorption syndromes refer to a group of diseases in which intestinal absorption of nutrients is impaired. Neuropathy means disease of nerves and deconstructs into the suffix –pathy meaning disease and root/combining form neur/o- meaning nerve. In malabsorption syndromes, such as celiac disease, neuropathy is caused by vitamin B12 deficiency because there is a lack of intrinsic factor to enable vitamin B12 to be absorbed.

Difficulty: 2 Medium

Topic:  Discuss malabsorption syndromes and their diagnoses

Bloom’s:  Understand

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.13

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

 

96) Vomiting coffee grounds-like material is usually indicative of

1. A) bleeding from a lower GI source
2. B) bleeding from an upper GI source
3. C) increased secretion of mucin
4. D) an inflammation of the pancreas
5. E) an inflammation of the gallbladder

 

Answer:  B

Explanation:  Vomiting coffee grounds-like material occurs when bleeding from an upper GI source has slowed or stopped; red hemoglobin has been converted to brown hematin by gastric acids.

Difficulty: 2 Medium

Topic:  Describe overall disorders of the alimentary system to include gastrointestinal bleeding

Bloom’s:  Understand

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.3

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

97) The medical term which means pertaining to underneath the jaw is

1. A) hypoglossal
2. B) supramaxillary
3. C) submandibular
4. D) sublingual
5. E) hypomandibular

 

Answer:  C

Explanation:  Submandibular means pertaining to underneath the jaw. The term deconstructs into the suffix –ar meaning pertaining to, prefix sub- meaning underneath, and root –mandibul- meaning the jaw (mandible).

Difficulty: 3 Hard

Topic:  Relate the anatomy of the mouth to the function of mastication

Bloom’s:  Analyze

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.4

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

 

98) Which of the following suffixes, when added to the root/combining form herni/o-, makes a medical word which means suture of a hernia?

1. A) -tomy
2. B) -ectomy
3. C) -plasty
4. D) -rrhaphy
5. E) –rrhexis

 

Answer:  D

Explanation:  The suffix –rrhaphy means suture; herniorrhaphy means suture of a hernia, to repair a hernia.

Difficulty: 3 Hard

Topic:  Construct medical terms associated with gastroenterology using word elements (roots, combining forms, prefixes, and suffixes)

Bloom’s:  Apply

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.C

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

99) Which statement about the relationship between peptic ulcers and the bacterium Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is correct?

1. A) pylori does not respond to antibiotics in the treatment of peptic ulcers.
2. B) pylori causes an increased production of hydrochloric acid
3. C) Patients with peptic ulcers caused by pylori are more prone to develop gastric cancer
4. D) pylori bacteria produce enzymes that weaken the protective mucus in the stomach
5. E) Patients with pylori will eventually require a gastrectomy to treat peptic ulcers

 

Answer:  D

Explanation:  Most peptic ulcers are caused by the bacterium Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), which produces enzymes that weaken the protective mucus in the stomach. These ulcers respond to antibiotics.

Difficulty: 2 Medium

Topic:  Discuss disorders of the stomach and small intestine

Bloom’s:  Understand

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.9

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

 

100) A condition caused by dangerously high levels of iron in the body with deposition of iron pigments in tissues is

1. A) cirrhosis
2. B) cystic fibrosis
3. C) celiac disease
4. D) hemochromatosis
5. E) hemolytic jaundice

 

Answer:  D

Explanation:  Hemochromatosis is caused by the absorption of too much iron, which is stored throughout the body mostly in the liver, and can lead to liver failure. The term deconstructs into the suffix –osis meaning condition, root/combining form hem/o- meaning blood, and root –chromat– meaning color.

Difficulty: 2 Medium

Topic:  Discuss disorders of the liver, gallbladder, and pancreas that affect digestion

Bloom’s:  Understand

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.10

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

101) A diagnostic procedure in which the bile ducts are x-rayed after injection or ingestion of a contrast medium is called a(n)

1. A) endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)
2. B) cholangiography
3. C) barium swallow
4. D) esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD)
5. E) laparoscopy

 

Answer:  B

Explanation:  Cholangiography refers to an x-ray of the bile ducts after an injection or ingestion of a contrast medium. The term deconstructs into the suffix –graphy meaning process of recording, root chol- meaning bile, and root/combining form –angi/o- meaning blood vessel or lymph vessel.

Difficulty: 3 Hard

Topic:  Describe diagnostic procedures used in gastroenterology

Bloom’s:  Analyze

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.16

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

 

102) The type of jaundice which occurs in newborns as a result of blood group incompatibility is

1. A) breast milk jaundice
2. B) physiologic jaundice
3. C) hemolytic jaundice
4. D) hemochromolytic jaundice
5. E) wilson disease

 

Answer:  C

Explanation:  Hemolytic jaundice occurs from an accelerated destruction of RBCs such that the liver cannot remove the bilirubin fast enough. This is most often seen in newborn infants due to a blood group incompatibility between mother and infant (Rh disease). The term deconstructs into the suffix –tic meaning pertaining to, root/combining form hem/o– meaning blood, and root ly- meaning break down.

Difficulty: 2 Medium

Topic:  Discuss disorders of the liver, gallbladder, and pancreas that affect digestion

Bloom’s:  Understand

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.11

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

103) An inherited disease affecting the exocrine glands in multiple body systems is

1. A) cystic fibrosis
2. B) celiac disease
3. C) crohn disease
4. D) sjögren syndrome
5. E) wilson disease

 

Answer:  A

Explanation:  Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an inherited disease that becomes apparent in infancy or early childhood. It is a genetic condition in which thick mucus obstructs the pancreas so that digestive enzymes do not reach the small intestine.

Difficulty: 2 Medium

Topic:  Discuss disorders of the liver, gallbladder, and pancreas that affect digestion

Bloom’s:  Understand

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.11

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

 

104) The prefix in the word exocrine means

1. A) within
2. B) secrete
3. C) gland
4. D) hormone
5. E) outward

 

Answer:  E

Explanation:  An exocrine gland secretes outwardly through excretory ducts. The term exocrine deconstructs into the prefix exo- meaning outward and root –crine meaning secrete.

Difficulty: 3 Hard

Topic:  Discuss disorders of the liver, gallbladder, and pancreas that affect digestion

Bloom’s:  Analyze

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.11

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

105) The root in the word polysaccharide means

1. A) starch
2. B) sugar
3. C) protein
4. D) many
5. E) cysts

 

Answer:  B

Explanation:  A polysaccharide is a carbohydrate which is broken down in the small intestine by pancreatic amylase into disaccharides. The term deconstructs into the suffix –ide meaning having a particular quality, prefix poly- meaning many and root –sacchar- meaning sugar.

Difficulty: 3 Hard

Topic:  Discuss disorders of the liver, gallbladder, and pancreas that affect digestion

Bloom’s:  Analyze

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.11

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

 

106) The milky fluid that results from the digestion and absorption of fats into the small intestine is called

1. A) bolus
2. B) lipids
3. C) chyle
4. D) melena
5. E) chyme

 

Answer:  C

Explanation:  Chyle comes from the Greek word meaning juice. It is the milky fluid that results from the digestion and absorption of fats in the small intestine. Chyme refers to the contents of the stomach that leave and pass into the small intestine.

Difficulty: 1 Easy

Topic:  Relate the anatomy of the stomach and small intestine to the process of digestion

Bloom’s:  Remember

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.8

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

107) Gas or air expelled through the anus is called ________.

 

Answer:  flatus

Explanation:  Flatus is derived from the Latin meaning blowing. Gas or air expelled through the anus is called flatus.

Difficulty: 3 Hard

Topic:  Relate the anatomy of the large intestine to its functions

Bloom’s:  Apply

Est Time:  1-3 minutes

Learning Outcome:  05.14

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

108) The word anus is derived from the Latin meaning

1. A) Colon
2. B) Straight
3. C) Ring
4. D) Sausage
5. E) Slit

 

Answer:  C

Explanation:  The anus is the terminal opening of the digestive tract through which feces are discharged. The word is derived from the Latin meaning ring.

Difficulty: 1 Easy

Topic:  Relate the anatomy of the large intestine to its functions

Bloom’s:  Remember

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.14

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

109) An abnormal passage that forms between the anal canal and the skin outside the anus is called an anal ________.

 

Answer:  fistula

Explanation:  A fistula is an abnormal passageway. The anal canal has six or seven glands in the posterior canal that secrete mucus to lubricate the canal. If the glands become infected, abscesses can form. When the abscesses heal, a passage (fistula) between the anal canal and the skin outside the anus can occur. The term fistula is derived from the Latin for pipe, tube.

Difficulty: 3 Hard

Topic:  Discuss disorders of the large intestine

Bloom’s:  Apply

Est Time:  1-3 minutes

Learning Outcome:  05.15

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

110) The plural form of the term diverticulum is

1. A) diverticulums
2. B) diverticulae
3. C) diverticuli
4. D) diverticules
5. E) diverticula

 

Answer:  E

Explanation:  The plural form of the word diverticulum is diverticula. A diverticulum is a pouch-like opening or sac from a tubular structure, such as the gut.

Difficulty: 3 Hard

Topic:  Use the medical terms of gastroenterology to communicate and document in writing accurately and precisely in any health care setting

Bloom’s:  Apply

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.A

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

 

111) The presence of small pouches bulging outward through weak spots in the lining of the large intestine is a condition known as

1. A) ulcerative colitis
2. B) hemorrhoids
3. C) diverticulosis
4. D) intussusception
5. E) irritable bowel syndrome

 

Answer:  C

Explanation:  Diverticulosis refers to the presence of a number of small pouches (diverticula) in the wall of the large intestine. The term deconstructs into the suffix –osis meaning condition and root diverticul- meaning by-road.

Difficulty: 2 Medium

Topic:  Discuss disorders of the large intestine

Bloom’s:  Understand

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.15

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

112) Which of the following terms refers to an inflammation of the lining of the rectum?

1. A) Rectitis
2. B) Anitis
3. C) Colitis
4. D) Proctitis
5. E) Diverticulitis

 

Answer:  D

Explanation:  Proctitis is an inflammation of the lining of the rectum, often associated with ulcerative colitis, Crohn’s disease, or radiation therapy. The term deconstructs into the suffix –itis meaning inflammation and root proct- meaning anus and rectum.

Difficulty: 3 Hard

Topic:  Discuss disorders of the large intestine

Bloom’s:  Apply

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.15

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

 

113) The passage of black tarry stools, which usually indicates upper GI bleeding, is called

1. A) hematochezia
2. B) hematemesis
3. C) occult blood
4. D) hemofecal
5. E) melena

 

Answer:  E

Explanation:  Melena is derived from the Latin meaning black. It refers to the passage of black tarry stools usually indicative of upper GI bleeding. The blood is digested and hemoglobin is oxidized as it passes through the intestine to produce the black color.

Difficulty: 2 Medium

Topic:  Describe overall disorders of the alimentary system to include gastrointestinal bleeding

Bloom’s:  Understand

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.3

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

114) The term panendoscopy is made of the following word elements

1. A) suffix+ prefix+ root
2. B) suffix+ two root/combining forms
3. C) root/combining form+ two suffixes
4. D) two prefixes+ suffix
5. E) suffix+ prefix

 

Answer:  D

Explanation:  The term panendoscopy deconstructs into the suffix –scopy meaning to examine, and two prefixes pan- meaning all and endo- meaning inside. The definition of the term is to examine all inside. It is the examination of the inside of the esophagus, stomach, and upper duodenum using a flexible fiberoptic endoscope.

Difficulty: 3 Hard

Topic:  Deconstruct medical terms associated with gastroenterology into their word element (roots, combining forms, prefixes, and suffixes)

Bloom’s:  Analyze

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.D

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

 

115) The plural form of the term anastomosis is

1. A) anastomosum
2. B) anastomoses
3. C) anastomosos
4. D) anastomosa
5. E) anastomosae

 

Answer:  B

Explanation:  The plural form of the term anastomosis is anastomoses. Anastomosis refers to a surgically made union between two tubular structures. The term deconstructs into the suffix –osis meaning condition and root anastom- meaning join together.

Difficulty: 3 Hard

Topic:  Use the medical terms of gastroenterology to communicate and document in writing accurately and precisely in any health care setting

Bloom’s:  Apply

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.A

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

116) Select the correct spelling for the term that means a surgical procedure that joins two tubular structures.

1. A) Anastomosos
2. B) Anestomoses
3. C) Anestomosas
4. D) Anastomosis
5. E) Anistimosis

 

Answer:  D

Explanation:  Anastomosis is the correct spelling for a surgically made union between two tubular structures. The term deconstructs into the suffix –osis meaning condition and root anastom- meaning join together.

Difficulty: 3 Hard

Topic:  Use the medical terms of gastroenterology to communicate and document in writing accurately and precisely in any health care setting

Bloom’s:  Analyze

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.A

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

 

117) An artificial opening from the ileum to the outside of the body is called a(n) ________.

 

Answer:  ileostomy

Explanation:  An ileostomy is an artificial opening from the ileum (small intestine) to the outside of the body. The term deconstructs into the suffix –stomy meaning new opening, root ile- meaning ileum root –os- meaning mouth.

Difficulty: 3 Hard

Topic:  Discuss therapeutic procedures used in gastroenterology

Bloom’s:  Apply

Est Time:  1-3 minutes

Learning Outcome:  05.17

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

118) An instrument that can be used to visually examine the S-shaped portion of the large intestine is a(n)

1. A) gastroscope
2. B) sigmoidoscope
3. C) anoscope
4. D) ileoscope
5. E) proctoscope

 

Answer:  B

Explanation:  The S-shaped portion of the large intestine is the sigmoid colon. A sigmoidoscope is an instrument to visually examine the sigmoid colon and rectum. The term deconstructs into the root –scope meaning instrument for viewing and root/combining form sigmoid/o- meaning sigmoid colon.

Difficulty: 3 Hard

Topic:  Describe diagnostic procedures used in gastroenterology

Bloom’s:  Apply

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.16

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

 

119) The physician suspects that the patient is bleeding from the GI tract although the patient states that no blood is visible in the stool. Which test would be most appropriate initially to detect blood concealed within stool?

1. A) Barium enema
2. B) Nasogastric aspiration
3. C) Digital rectal exam
4. D) Colonoscopy
5. E) Hemoccult

 

Answer:  E

Explanation:  Hemoccult (trade name for a chemical fecal occult blood test) detects the presence of blood in the stool when no bleeding is seen within the stool. Occult comes from the Latin meaning to hide.

Difficulty: 3 Hard

Topic:  Describe overall disorders of the alimentary system to include gastrointestinal bleeding

Bloom’s:  Apply

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.3

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

120) The medical term stomatitis refers to a(n)

1. A) inflammation of the gums
2. B) infection of the teeth
3. C) inflammation of the tongue
4. D) swelling of the tongue
5. E) infection of the mouth

 

Answer:  E

Explanation:  The term stomatitis is used when any infection of the mouth is present. The term deconstructs into the suffix –itis meaning inflammation and root stomat- meaning mouth.

Difficulty: 3 Hard

Topic:  Describe disorders of the mouth

Bloom’s:  Analyze

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.5

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

 

121) The suffix in the medical term pyorrhea means

1. A) pus
2. B) bursting forth
3. C) flow
4. D) fire
5. E) rupture

 

Answer:  C

Explanation:  Pyorrhea means purulent discharge. The term deconstructs into the suffix -rrhea meaning flow and root/combining form py/o- meaning pus.

Difficulty: 3 Hard

Topic:  Describe disorders of the mouth

Bloom’s:  Analyze

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.5

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

122) The physician has documented that a patient complains of postprandial burning chest pain. Your interpretation of this statement is that the patient experiences pain

1. A) immediately before eating a meal
2. B) immediately after eating a meal
3. C) during the meal
4. D) when eating cold foods
5. E) when eating hot foods

 

Answer:  B

Explanation:  The term postprandial means after a meal. Postprandial burning chest pain (heartburn) is often symptomatic of esophagitis due to reflux of the stomach’s contents into the esophagus. The term deconstructs into the suffix –ial meaning pertaining to, prefix post- meaning after and root –prand- meaning meal.

Difficulty: 3 Hard

Topic:  Describe disorders of the esophagus

Bloom’s:  Apply

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.7

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

 

123) The medical term that means backward flow is

1. A) reflux
2. B) regurgitation
3. C) deglutition
4. D) emesis
5. E) prolapse

 

Answer:  A

Explanation:  Reflux is the medical term that means backward flow. The term deconstructs into the prefix re- meaning back and root –flux meaning flow.

Difficulty: 2 Medium

Topic:  Describe disorders of the esophagus

Bloom’s:  Understand

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.7

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

124) The root in the term dyspepsia means

1. A) difficult, bad
2. B) condition
3. C) swallowing
4. D) eating
5. E) digestion

 

Answer:  E

Explanation:  Dyspepsia is synonymous with upset stomach. Dyspepsia deconstructs into the suffix –ia meaning condition, prefix dys- meaning difficult, bad and root –peps- meaning digestion.

Difficulty: 3 Hard

Topic:  Discuss disorders of the stomach and small intestine

Bloom’s:  Analyze

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.9

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

125) A severe lack of appetite or an aversion to food is called ________.

 

Answer:  anorexia

Explanation:  Anorexia refers to a severe lack of appetite or an aversion to food. The term deconstructs into the suffix –ia meaning condition, prefix an- meaning without and root –orex- meaning appetite.

Difficulty: 3 Hard

Topic:  Discuss disorders of the stomach and small intestine

Bloom’s:  Apply

Est Time:  1-3 minutes

Learning Outcome:  05.9

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

126) A disruption in normal peristaltic activity in the small intestine, caused by a bowel obstruction or by intestinal paralysis, is called a(n)

1. A) intussusception
2. B) gastroenteritis
3. C) ileus
4. D) adenocarcinoma
5. E) irritable bowel syndrome

 

Answer:  C

Explanation:  Ileus is derived from the Greek meaning intestinal colic. It refers to a dynamic or mechanical obstruction of the small intestine. Causes include a bowel obstruction or intestinal paralysis.

Difficulty: 2 Medium

Topic:  Discuss disorders of the stomach and small intestine

Bloom’s:  Understand

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.9

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

127) The medical term that means surgical incision to remove of one or more gallstones is:

1. A) cholecystectomy
2. B) cholelithotomy
3. C) cholelithiasis
4. D) cholelithectomy
5. E) choledocholithectomy

 

Answer:  B

Explanation:  Cholelithotomy is the medical term for surgical removal of one or more gallstones. The term deconstructs into the suffix -tomy meaning surgical incision, root/combining form chol/e- meaning bile and root –cyst- meaning bladder.

Difficulty: 3 Hard

Topic:  Construct medical terms associated with gastroenterology using word elements (roots, combining forms, prefixes, and suffixes)

Bloom’s:  Apply

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.C

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

 

128) In the medical term choledocholithiasis, the root/combining form means

1. A) common bile duct
2. B) gallbladder
3. C) hepatic duct
4. D) pancreatic duct
5. E) cystic duct

 

Answer:  A

Explanation:  Choledocholithiasis means a condition of gallstone(s) in the common bile duct. The term deconstructs into the suffix –iasis meaning condition, root/combining form choledoch/o- meaning common bile duct and root –lith- meaning stone.

Difficulty: 3 Hard

Topic:  Deconstruct medical terms associated with gastroenterology into their word element (roots, combining forms, prefixes, and suffixes)

Bloom’s:  Analyze

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.D

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

129) The medical term defecation means

1. A) to store feces in the large intestine
2. B) to pass feces through the small intestine
3. C) to pass feces through the rectum and anus
4. D) difficulty in passing feces
5. E) the inability to control the passage of feces

 

Answer:  C

Explanation:  Defecation means the evacuation of feces from the rectum and anus. The term deconstructs into the suffix –ation meaning process, prefix de- meaning from, out of and root –fec- meaning feces.

Difficulty: 2 Medium

Topic:  Relate the anatomy of the large intestine to its functions

Bloom’s:  Understand

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.14

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

 

130) The medical term referring to a deep furrow or cleft and derived from the Latin meaning slit is a

1. A) fistula
2. B) polyp
3. C) hemorrhoid
4. D) fissure
5. E) stoma

 

Answer:  D

Explanation:  A fissure refers to a deep furrow or cleft and is derived from the Latin meaning slit. Anal fissures are tears in the lining of the anal canal, as may occur with difficult bowel movements.

Difficulty: 2 Medium

Topic:  Discuss disorders of the large intestine

Bloom’s:  Understand

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.15

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

 

131) The classification of medications used to treat nausea and vomiting are

1. A) Antidiarrheals
2. B) Laxatives
3. C) Antiemetics
4. D) PPIs
5. E) H2 blockers

 

Answer:  C

Explanation:  Antiemetics are a classification of medications used to treat nausea and vomiting. The term deconstructs into the prefix anti- meaning against and root –emetic meaning causing vomiting.

Difficulty: 2 Medium

Topic:  Define the types of pharmacologic agents used in gastroenterology

Bloom’s:  Understand

Est Time:  0-1 minute

Learning Outcome:  05.18

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation