Medical Sociology 13th Edition by Cockerham - Test Bank

Medical Sociology 13th Edition by Cockerham – Test Bank

 

Instant Download – Complete Test Bank With Answers

 

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

Chapter 5

 Social Stress and Health

 

Multiple Choice Questions

 

1. Stress can be defined as:
   1. A heightened mind-body reaction to stimuli inducing fear or anxiety.
   2. A physiological change due to an environmental agent.
   3. A disruption in daily life caused by primarily negative events.
   4. All of the above.
   5. None of the above.

 

Answer: A                         Page: 116

 

1. What is an example of a stressful situation?
   1. Death.
   2. Divorce.
   3. Marriage.
   4. A and B only.
   5. All of the above.

 

Answer: E                         Page: 116

 

1. The work of ______________ reflects the symbolic interactionist approach to human behavior.
   1. Durkheim.
   2. Thomas.
   3. Marx.
   4. Brenner.
   5. None of the above.

 

Answer: B                         Pages: 116

 

1. Symbolic interactionism is based upon the work of ________________ (founder).
   1. Drentea.
   2. Bourdieu.
   3. Cooley.
   4. Mead.
   5. Durkheim.

 

Answer: D                         Page: 116

 

1. The theory of the _______________ maintains that our self-concepts are the result of social interaction in which we see ourselves reflected in other people.
   1. Looking mirror.
   2. Glass selfish sense.
   3. Looking-glass self.
   4. Mirror in mirror.
   5. None of the above.

 

Answer: C                         Page: 117

 

1. Which is NOT a component of Coley’s theory?
   1. We see in our imagination the other person’s judgment of ourselves.
   2. We have a core sense of individuality, unique to each of us.
   3. We see ourselves in our imagination as we think we appear to the other person.
   4. As a result of what we see in our imagination about how we are viewed by the other person, we experience some sort of self-feelings.
   5. All of these are components.

 

Answer: B                         Page: 117

 

1. Goffman believed that in order for social interaction to be possible, people need information about the others in a joint act. Such information is communicated through:
   1. A person’s appearance.
   2. A past experience with similar individuals.
   3. The social setting.
   4. The information communicated about her/himself through words and actions.
   5. All of the above.

 

Answer: E                         Page: 117

 

1. The positive social value that individuals claim for themselves by the line that others assume they have taken during a particular encounter is termed a _____________.
   1. Veil.
   2. Form.
   3. Face.
   4. Shield.
   5. Self.

 

Answer: C                         Page: 118

 

1. The _____________ is more important than anything else to us, because it represents who we are and is always with us.
   1. Veil.
   2. Form.
   3. Face.
   4. Shield.
   5. Self.

 

Answer: E                         Page: 118

 

1. The symbolic interactionist perspective, as outlined by Cooley, Thomas, and Goffman asserts that:
   1. Certain situations are inherently stressful.
   2. Stress is caused by societal pressure to conform.
   3. Stress can result from an individual’s perception of the meaning of a situation.
   4. Stress is constant.
   5. All four answers are features.

 

Answer: C                         Page: 118

 

1. As members of society, individuals are constrained in their behavior by laws and customs. These constraints are ______________.
   1. Imagined.
   2. Realities.
   3. Social nuances.
   4. Social facts.
   5. Norms.

 

Answer: D                         Page: 119

 

12. Durkheim suggests that society has an existence __________ the individual.

1. 1. Outside.
   2. Inside.
   3. Beside.
   4. Within.
   5. None of the above.

 

Answer: A                         Page: 119

 

1. Which suicide type was not fully developed by Durkheim?
   1. Egoistic.
   2. Fatalistic.
   3. Altruistic.
   4. Anomic.
   5. None of the above.

 

Answer: B                         Page: 119

 

1. ______________ suicide occurs when people become detached from society and, suddenly on their own, are overwhelmed by the resulting stress.
   1. Egoistic.
   2. Fatalistic.
   3. Altruistic.
   4. Anomic.
   5. None of the above.

 

Answer: A                         Page: 119

 

1. __________________ suicide occurs when people suffer a sudden dislocation of normative systems where their norms and values are no longer relevant, so that controls of society no longer restrain them from taking their lives.
   1. Egoistic.
   2. Fatalistic.
   3. Altruistic.
   4. Anomic.
   5. None of the above.

 

Answer: D                         Page: 119

 

1. ______________ suicide occurs when people feel themselves so strongly integrated into a demanding society that their only escape seems to be suicide.
   1. Egoistic.
   2. Fatalistic.
   3. Altruistic.
   4. Anomic.
   5. None of the above.

 

Answer: C                         Page: 119

 

17. The importance of Emile Durkheim’s work for understanding stress lies in his:
    1. Typology of three specific types of suicide.
    2. Denial of biological influences on human behavior.
    3. Insight into the link between the state of the economy and certain types of illness.
    4. Notion of the capability of society to create situations where people are forced to respond to conditions not of their own choosing

 

1. None of the above.

 

Answer: D                         Pages: 120

 

1. Brenner’s thesis is that there are few areas of our lives not intimately affected by the state of the _________________.
   1. Economy.
   2. Family.
   3. Political system.
   4. Environment.
   5. Self.

 

Answer: A                         Page: 120

 

1. Brenner offers two hypotheses to explain the relationship between the economy and mental health. What are they?
   1. Provocation and complacency.
   2. Inflation and uncovering.
   3. Inflation and stagflation.
   4. Provocation and reduction.
   5. Provocation and uncovering.

 

Answer: E                         Page: 121

 

1. What is homeostasis?
   1. Changing constantly.
   2. Physiological adaptation.
   3. Not moving or adapting.
   4. Physically growing.
   5. None of the above.

 

Answer: B                         Page: 122

 

1. The ______________ system controls heart rate, blood pressure, and gastrointestinal functions: processes that are not under the control of the central nervous system.
   1. Limbic.
   2. Respiratory.
   3. Endocrine.
   4. Autonomic.
   5. None of the above.

 

Answer: D                         Page: 122

 

1. Who developed the theory known as the <ITAL>general adaptation syndrome?
   1. Brenner.
   2. Siegrist.
   3. Selye.
   4. Goffman.
   5. Pearlin.

 

Answer: C                         Page: 123

 

1. Who suggests two major types of stressors: life events and chronic strains?
   1. Brenner.
   2. Siegrist.
   3. Selye.
   4. Goffman.
   5. Pearlin.

 

Answer: E                         Page: 125

 

1. The extent of physiological damage or change within an individual depends on:
   1. The stimulus situation.
   2. An individual’s capacity to deal with the stimulus situation.
   3. The individual’s preparation by society to meet problems.
   4. The influence of society’s approved modes of behavior.
   5. All of the above.

 

Answer: E                         Page: 127

 

1. What is defined by Turner as “the social investments of individuals in society in terms of their membership in formal and informal groups, networks, and institutions”?
   1. Social facts.
   2. Social networks.
   3. Social capital.
   4. Social circumstances.
   5. None of the above.

 

Answer: C                         Page: 128

 

1. Putnam defines ____________ as a community-level resource reflected in social relationships involving networks, but also norms, and levels of trust.
   1. Social facts.
   2. Social networks.
   3. Social capital.
   4. Social circumstances.
   5. None of the above.

 

Answer: C                         Page: 128

 

1. Hurricane Katrina is an example of a(n):
   1. Natural disaster.
   2. Large-scale disaster.
   3. Cause for grief.

1. Extreme situation.
2. All of the above.

 

Answer: E                         Page: 130

 

1. Antonovsky argues that ______________ is a personal orientation that allows an individual to view the world with feelings of confidence, faith in the predictability of events, and a notion that things will most likely work out reasonably well.
   1. Confidence.
   2. Coherence.
   3. Delusion.
   4. Optimism.
   5. None of the above.

 

Answer: B                         Page: 132

 

 

1. Besides the type of change and the speed with which it occurs, the extent to which change affects a person’s life may also be important. Libby Ruch (1977) investigated this over 30 years ago and suggested that life change actually has three dimensions. Which is NOT a dimension?
   1. Degree of change evoked.
   2. Undesirability of change.
   3. Depth of change expected.
   4. Aspect of one’s life that is affected.
   5. None are dimensions.

 

Answer: C                         Page: 134

 

True False Questions

 

1. Social situations can cause severe stress that, in turn, affects health and longevity.

 

Answer: TRUE                       Page: 116

 

1. Stress typically starts with a situation that people find non-threatening.

 

Answer: FALSE                     Page: 116

 

1. Mead compares the reflection of our self in others to our reflections in a looking glass.

 

Answer: FALSE                     Page: 116-117

 

1. Symbolic interaction theory emphasizes interpersonal forms of interaction.

 

Answer: TRUE                       Page: 119

 

1. Functionalist theory focuses on the influence of individuals on the larger society.

 

Answer: FALSE                     Page: 119

 

 

7. Brenner formulated the concept of the “fight or flight” pattern of physiological change to illustrate how the body copes with stress resulting from a social situation.

 

Answer: FALSE                     Page: 122

 

8. When a person experiences fear or anxiety, the body undergoes psychological changes that prepare it for vigorous effort and the effect of possible injury.

 

Answer: TRUE                       Page: 122

 

9. Most threats in modern society are symbolic, not physical, and they do not usually require a physical response.

 

Answer: TRUE                       Page: 123

 

10. Considerable evidence shows that persistently coping with chronic stressors can have a profound adverse effect on a person’s health.

 

Answer: TRUE                       Page: 125

 

11. The outcome or effect of a crisis depends on how well a person comes to terms with the situation and adapts to it. </P>

 

Answer: TRUE                       Page: 126

 

12. Mechanic believes that in social situations people use the same skills and abilities in coping with problems.

 

Answer: FALSE                     Page: 126

 

13. Most people have an equal degree of control in managing emotional defenses or similar motivation and personal involvement in a given situation.

 

Answer: FALSE                     Pages: 126

 

14. People’s perceptions of an event may be influenced by their intelligence.

 

Answer: TRUE                       Page: 127

 

15. Conformity to group-approved attitudes and definitions has been hypothesized to reduce anxiety. </P>

 

Answer: TRUE                       Page: 127

 

16. Social capital is a property of individuals, not a characteristic of networks.

 

Answer: FALSE                     Page: 128

 

17. Social connectedness, in Putnam’s view, is one of the weakest determinants of health.

 

Answer: FALSE                     Page: 128

 

18. The lower class is characterized as having the fewest resources to cope with stress.

 

Answer: TRUE                       Page: 129

 

19. The upper class and the upper middle class have about the same longevity, which is greater than the lower class.

 

Answer: FALSE                     Page: 129

 

20. People typically flee in panic from the site of a potential disaster (natural/unnatural) area.

 

Answer: FALSE                     Page: 130

 

Essay Questions

 

1. Define social stressors and life events. How do these concepts relate to stress?

 

1. How does symbolic interaction theory explain stress?

 

1. Describe Patricia Drentea’s (2000) research on stress, age, and credit card debt.

 

1. What are the features of life events that cause stress in individuals?

 

1. Describe the three types of suicide outlined by Durkheim. How do they relate to stress?