Microbiology Fundamentals A Clinical Approach 2nd Edition by Marjorie Kelly Cowan - Test Bank

Microbiology Fundamentals A Clinical Approach 2nd Edition by Marjorie Kelly Cowan – Test Bank

 

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Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

Chapter 05

An Introduction to the Viruses

 

 

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Viruses have all the following except
   A. definite shape.
   B.  metabolism.
   C.  genes.
   D.  the ability to infect host cells.
   E.  ultramicroscopic size.

 

ASM Objective: 02.03 The replication cycles of viruses (lytic and lysogenic) are dependent on living host cells and determined by their unique genomes and structures.
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
Bloom’s Level: 01. Remember
Learning Objective: 05.02 Identify better terms for viruses than “alive” or “dead”.
Section: 05.01
Topic: Viruses

2. Host cells of viruses include
   A. humans and other animals.
   B.  plants and fungi.
   C.  bacteria.
   D.  protozoa and algae.
   E.  All of the choices are correct.

 

ASM Objective: 05.01 Microorganisms are ubiquitous and live in diverse and dynamic ecosystems.
ASM Topic: Module 05 Systems
Bloom’s Level: 01. Remember
Learning Objective: 05.02 Identify better terms for viruses than “alive” or “dead”.
Section: 05.01
Topic: Viruses

 

3. Viruses
   A. cannot be seen in a light microscope.
   B.  are prokaryotic.
   C.  contain 70S ribosomes.
   D.  undergo binary fission.
   E.  All of the choices are correct.

 

ASM Objective: 01.02 Mutations and horizontal gene transfer, along with the immense variety of microenvironments, have resulted in a vast diversity of microorganisms.
ASM Topic: Module 01 Evolution
Bloom’s Level: 01. Remember
Learning Objective: 05.03 Discuss the size of viruses relative to other microorganisms.
Section: 05.02
Topic: Viruses

4. Virus capsids are made from subunits called
   A. envelopes.
   B.  spikes.
   C.  capsomeres.
   D.  prophages.
   E.  peplomers.

 

ASM Objective: 02.04 The structure and function of microorganisms have been revealed by the use of microscopy (including bright field, phase contrast, fluorescent, and electron).
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
Bloom’s Level: 01. Remember
Learning Objective: 05.04 Describe the function and structure(s) of viral capsids.
Section: 05.02
Topic: Viruses

5. Helical and icosahedral are terms used to describe the shapes of a virus
   A. spike.
   B.  capsomere.
   C.  envelope.
   D.  capsid.
   E.  core.

 

ASM Objective: 02.04 The structure and function of microorganisms have been revealed by the use of microscopy (including bright field, phase contrast, fluorescent, and electron).
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
Bloom’s Level: 01. Remember
Learning Objective: 05.04 Describe the function and structure(s) of viral capsids.
Section: 05.02
Topic: Viruses

 

6. A/An _____ is the protein shell around the nucleic acid core of a virus.
   A. capsomere
   B.  capsid
   C.  spike
   D.  envelope
   E.  monolayer

 

ASM Objective: 02.04 The structure and function of microorganisms have been revealed by the use of microscopy (including bright field, phase contrast, fluorescent, and electron).
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
Bloom’s Level: 01. Remember
Learning Objective: 05.04 Describe the function and structure(s) of viral capsids.
Section: 05.02
Topic: Viruses

7. One of the principal capsid shapes is a 20-sided figure with 12 evenly spaced corners referred to as a/an _____ capsid.
   A. spiked
   B.  complex
   C.  icosahedral
   D.  helical
   E.  buckeyball

 

ASM Objective: 02.04 The structure and function of microorganisms have been revealed by the use of microscopy (including bright field, phase contrast, fluorescent, and electron).
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
Bloom’s Level: 01. Remember
Learning Objective: 05.04 Describe the function and structure(s) of viral capsids.
Section: 05.02
Topic: Viruses

 

8. A naked virus only has a/an
   A. capsid.
   B.  capsomere.
   C.  nucleocapsid.
   D.  envelope.
   E.  antigenic surface.

 

ASM Objective: 02.04 The structure and function of microorganisms have been revealed by the use of microscopy (including bright field, phase contrast, fluorescent, and electron).
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
Bloom’s Level: 01. Remember
Learning Objective: 05.05 Distinguish between enveloped and naked viruses.
Section: 05.02
Topic: Viruses

9. Which of the following is not a typical capsid shape?
   A. tetrahedral
   B.  complex
   C.  helical
   D.  icosahedron
   E.  All of the choices are capsid shapes.

 

ASM Objective: 02.04 The structure and function of microorganisms have been revealed by the use of microscopy (including bright field, phase contrast, fluorescent, and electron).
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
Bloom’s Level: 01. Remember
Learning Objective: 05.04 Describe the function and structure(s) of viral capsids.
Section: 05.02
Topic: Viruses

10. All of the following pertain to virus envelopes except
    A. gained as a virus leaves the host cell membrane.
    B.  are comprised primarily of lipids.
    C.  contain special virus proteins.
    D.  help the virus particle attach to host cells.
    E.  are located between the capsid and nucleic acid.

 

ASM Objective: 02.04 The structure and function of microorganisms have been revealed by the use of microscopy (including bright field, phase contrast, fluorescent, and electron).
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
Bloom’s Level: 01. Remember
Learning Objective: 05.05 Distinguish between enveloped and naked viruses.
Section: 05.02
Topic: Viruses

 

11. Viral spikes
    A. are always present on enveloped viruses.
    B.  protrude from the envelope.
    C.  block attachment between virus and host.
    D.  are derived from host proteins.
    E.  All of the choices are correct.

 

ASM Objective: 02.04 The structure and function of microorganisms have been revealed by the use of microscopy (including bright field, phase contrast, fluorescent, and electron).
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
Bloom’s Level: 01. Remember
Learning Objective: 05.06 Explain the importance of viral surface proteins, or spikes.
Section: 05.02
Topic: Viruses

12. The core of every virus particle always contains
    A. DNA.
    B.  capsomeres.
    C.  enzymes.
    D.  DNA and RNA.
    E.  either DNA or RNA.

 

ASM Objective: 02.04 The structure and function of microorganisms have been revealed by the use of microscopy (including bright field, phase contrast, fluorescent, and electron).
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
Bloom’s Level: 01. Remember
Learning Objective: 05.07 Diagram the possible configurations of nucleic acid viruses may possess.
Section: 05.02
Topic: Viruses

13. Which of the following is not associated with every virus?
    A. envelope
    B.  capsomeres
    C.  capsid
    D.  nucleic acid
    E.  genome

 

ASM Objective: 02.04 The structure and function of microorganisms have been revealed by the use of microscopy (including bright field, phase contrast, fluorescent, and electron).
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
Bloom’s Level: 01. Remember
Learning Objective: 05.05 Distinguish between enveloped and naked viruses.
Section: 05.02
Topic: Viruses

 

14. Viral nucleic acids include which of the following?
    A. double-stranded DNA
    B.  single-stranded DNA
    C.  double-stranded RNA
    D.  single-stranded RNA
    E.  All of the choices are correct.

 

ASM Objective: 04.04 The synthesis of viral genetic material and proteins is dependent on host cells, and these processes can be different among viruses.
ASM Topic: Module 04 Information Flow
Bloom’s Level: 01. Remember
Learning Objective: 05.07 Diagram the possible configurations of nucleic acid viruses may possess.
Section: 05.02
Topic: Viruses

15. Reverse transcriptase synthesizes
    A. the positive RNA strand from a negative RNA strand.
    B.  a negative RNA strand from a positive RNA strand.
    C.  RNA from DNA.
    D.  DNA from RNA.
    E.  None of the choices is correct.

 

ASM Objective: 04.04 The synthesis of viral genetic material and proteins is dependent on host cells, and these processes can be different among viruses.
ASM Topic: Module 04 Information Flow
Bloom’s Level: 01. Remember
Learning Objective: 05.07 Diagram the possible configurations of nucleic acid viruses may possess.
Section: 05.02
Topic: Viruses

16. A negative-sense RNA virus
    A. is ready for immediate translation.
    B.  must synthesize a negative RNA copy of its genome.
    C.  must synthesize a positive RNA copy of its genome.
    D.  is a special form of tRNA used by viruses.
    E.  always codes for RNA polymerase.

 

ASM Objective: 04.04 The synthesis of viral genetic material and proteins is dependent on host cells, and these processes can be different among viruses.
ASM Topic: Module 04 Information Flow
Bloom’s Level: 01. Remember
Learning Objective: 05.07 Diagram the possible configurations of nucleic acid viruses may possess.
Section: 05.02
Topic: Viruses

 

17. Viruses with _____ sense RNA contain the correct message for translation, while viruses with _____ sense RNA must first be converted into a correct message.
    A. positive-, negative-
    B.  negative-, positive-
    C.  primary, secondary
    D.  secondary, primary
    E.  None of the choices is correct.

 

ASM Objective: 04.04 The synthesis of viral genetic material and proteins is dependent on host cells, and these processes can be different among viruses.
ASM Topic: Module 04 Information Flow
Bloom’s Level: 01. Remember
Learning Objective: 05.08 Diagram the five-step cycle of animal viruses.
Section: 05.02
Topic: Viruses

18. Viruses with _____ sense RNA contain the correct message for translation, while viruses with _____ sense RNA must first be converted into a correct message.
    A. positive-, negative-
    B.  negative-, positive-
    C.  primary, secondary
    D.  secondary, primary
    E.  None of the choices is correct.

 

ASM Objective: 04.04 The synthesis of viral genetic material and proteins is dependent on host cells, and these processes can be different among viruses.
ASM Topic: Module 04 Information Flow
Bloom’s Level: 01. Remember
Learning Objective: 05.08 Diagram the five-step cycle of animal viruses.
Section: 05.03
Topic: Viruses

 

19. Viruses acquire envelopes around their nucleocapsids during
    A. replication.
    B.  assembly.
    C.  adsorption.
    D.  release.
    E.  penetration.

 

ASM Objective: 02.03 The replication cycles of viruses (lytic and lysogenic) are dependent on living host cells and determined by their unique genomes and structures.
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
Bloom’s Level: 01. Remember
Learning Objective: 05.08 Diagram the five-step cycle of animal viruses.
Section: 05.03
Topic: Viruses

20. In general, most DNA viruses multiply in the host cell’s _____, while most RNA viruses multiply in the host cell’s _____.
    A. nucleus, cytoplasm
    B.  cytoplasm, cell membrane
    C.  cell membrane, cytoplasm
    D.  cytoplasm, nucleus
    E.  nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum

 

ASM Objective: 04.04 The synthesis of viral genetic material and proteins is dependent on host cells, and these processes can be different among viruses.
ASM Topic: Module 04 Information Flow
Bloom’s Level: 01. Remember
Learning Objective: 05.08 Diagram the five-step cycle of animal viruses.
Section: 05.03
Topic: Viruses

 

21. Host range is limited by
    A. type of nucleic acid in the virus.
    B.  age of the host cell.
    C.  type of host cell receptors on cell membrane.
    D.  size of the host cell.
    E.  All of the choices are correct.

 

ASM Objective: 02.03 The replication cycles of viruses (lytic and lysogenic) are dependent on living host cells and determined by their unique genomes and structures.
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
Bloom’s Level: 01. Remember
Learning Objective: 05.08 Diagram the five-step cycle of animal viruses.
Section: 05.03
Topic: Infection and Disease
Topic: Viruses

22. Oncogenic viruses include all the following except
    A. hepatitis B virus.
    B.  measles virus.
    C.  papillomavirus.
    D.  HTLV I.
    E.  Epstein-Barr virus.

 

ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, interact with both human and non-human hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways.
ASM Topic: Module 05 Systems
Bloom’s Level: 01. Remember
Learning Objective: 05.10 Discuss both persistent and transforming infections.
Section: 05.03
Topic: Pathogenesis
Topic: Viruses

 

23. Which of the following is a type of cytopathic effect?
    A. inclusions in the nucleus
    B.  multinucleated giant cells
    C.  inclusions in the cytoplasm
    D.  cells round up
    E.  All of the choices are correct.

 

ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, interact with both human and non-human hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways.
ASM Topic: Module 05 Systems
Bloom’s Level: 01. Remember
Learning Objective: 05.09 Explain what cytopathic effects are.
Topic: Pathogenesis
Topic: Viruses

24. The envelope of enveloped viruses is
    A. identical to the host plasma membrane.
    B.  only composed of host endomembrane.
    C.  always includes spikes.
    D.  is obtained by viral budding or exocytosis.
    E.  None of the choices is correct.

 

ASM Objective: 02.03 The replication cycles of viruses (lytic and lysogenic) are dependent on living host cells and determined by their unique genomes and structures.
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
Bloom’s Level: 01. Remember
Learning Objective: 05.08 Diagram the five-step cycle of animal viruses.
Section: 05.03
Topic: Viruses

 

25. Viruses attach to their hosts via
    A. host glycoproteins.
    B.  host phospholipids.
    C.  viral phospholipids.
    D.  viral flagella.
    E.  All of the choices are correct.

 

ASM Objective: 02.03 The replication cycles of viruses (lytic and lysogenic) are dependent on living host cells and determined by their unique genomes and structures.
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
Bloom’s Level: 01. Remember
Learning Objective: 05.08 Diagram the five-step cycle of animal viruses.
Section: 05.03
Topic: Infection and Disease
Topic: Viruses

26. Viral tissue specificities are called
    A. ranges.
    B.  virions.
    C.  receptacles.
    D.  tropisms.
    E.  uncoating.

 

ASM Objective: 02.03 The replication cycles of viruses (lytic and lysogenic) are dependent on living host cells and determined by their unique genomes and structures.
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
Bloom’s Level: 01. Remember
Learning Objective: 05.08 Diagram the five-step cycle of animal viruses.
Section: 05.03
Topic: Infection and Disease
Topic: Viruses

 

27. The process of dissolving the envelope and capsid to release the viral nucleic acid is
    A. adsorption.
    B.  penetration.
    C.  uncoating.
    D.  synthesis.
    E.  assembly.

 

ASM Objective: 02.03 The replication cycles of viruses (lytic and lysogenic) are dependent on living host cells and determined by their unique genomes and structures.
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
Bloom’s Level: 01. Remember
Learning Objective: 05.08 Diagram the five-step cycle of animal viruses.
Section: 05.03
Topic: Viruses

28. Which of the following occurs during assembly?
    A. Nucleocapsid is formed.
    B.  New viral nucleic acid is formed.
    C.  Viral spikes insert in host cell membrane.
    D.  All of the choices occur.
    E.  Both a nucleocapsid is formed and viral spikes insert in host cell membrane are correct.

 

ASM Objective: 02.03 The replication cycles of viruses (lytic and lysogenic) are dependent on living host cells and determined by their unique genomes and structures.
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
Bloom’s Level: 01. Remember
Learning Objective: 05.08 Diagram the five-step cycle of animal viruses.
Section: 05.03
Topic: Viruses

 

29. Mammalian viruses capable of starting tumors are
    A. chronic latent viruses.
    B.  oncoviruses.
    C.  syncytia.
    D.  inclusion bodies.
    E.  cytiopathic.

 

ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, interact with both human and non-human hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways.
ASM Topic: Module 05 Systems
Bloom’s Level: 01. Remember
Learning Objective: 05.10 Discuss both persistent and transforming infections.
Section: 05.03
Topic: Pathogenesis
Topic: Viruses

30. Persistent viruses that can reactivate periodically are
    A. chronic latent viruses.
    B.  oncoviruses.
    C.  syncytia.
    D.  inclusion bodies.
    E.  cytiopathic.

 

ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, interact with both human and non-human hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways.
ASM Topic: Module 05 Systems
Bloom’s Level: 01. Remember
Learning Objective: 05.10 Discuss both persistent and transforming infections.
Section: 05.03
Topic: Pathogenesis
Topic: Viruses

 

31. Which of the following is not a characteristic of a transformed cell?
    A. viral nucleic acid integrated into host DNA
    B.  decreased growth rate
    C.  alterations in chromosomes
    D.  changes in cell surface molecules
    E.  capacity to divide indefinitely

 

ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, interact with both human and non-human hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways.
ASM Topic: Module 05 Systems
Bloom’s Level: 01. Remember
Learning Objective: 05.10 Discuss both persistent and transforming infections.
Section: 05.03
Topic: Pathogenesis
Topic: Viruses

32. New, nonenveloped virus release occurs by
    A. lysis.
    B.  budding.
    C.  exocytosis.
    D.  both lysis and budding.
    E.  both budding and exocytosis.

 

ASM Objective: 02.03 The replication cycles of viruses (lytic and lysogenic) are dependent on living host cells and determined by their unique genomes and structures.
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
Bloom’s Level: 01. Remember
Learning Objective: 05.11 Provide a through description of lysogenic and lytic bacteriophage infections.
Section: 05.03
Topic: Viruses

 

33. What structures are used by bacteriophages to attach to host cell receptors?
    A. sheath
    B.  tail fibers
    C.  nucleic acid
    D.  capsid head
    E.  None of the choices is correct.

 

ASM Objective: 02.03 The replication cycles of viruses (lytic and lysogenic) are dependent on living host cells and determined by their unique genomes and structures.
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
Bloom’s Level: 01. Remember
Learning Objective: 05.11 Provide a through description of lysogenic and lytic bacteriophage infections.
Section: 05.03
Topic: Viruses

34. Which of the following is incorrect about prophages?
    A. present when the virus is in lysogeny
    B.  formed when viral DNA enters the bacterial chromosome
    C.  replicated with host DNA and passed on to progeny
    D.  cause lysis of host cells
    E.  occur when temperate phages enter host cells

 

ASM Objective: 02.03 The replication cycles of viruses (lytic and lysogenic) are dependent on living host cells and determined by their unique genomes and structures.
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
Bloom’s Level: 01. Remember
Learning Objective: 05.11 Provide a through description of lysogenic and lytic bacteriophage infections.
Section: 05.03
Topic: Viruses

35. T-even phages
    A. include the poxviruses.
    B.  infect Escherichia coli cells.
    C.  enter host cells by engulfment.
    D.  have helical capsids.
    E.  All of the choices are correct.

 

ASM Objective: 02.03 The replication cycles of viruses (lytic and lysogenic) are dependent on living host cells and determined by their unique genomes and structures.
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
Bloom’s Level: 01. Remember
Learning Objective: 05.11 Provide a through description of lysogenic and lytic bacteriophage infections.
Section: 05.03
Topic: Viruses

 

36. The event that occurs in bacteriophage multiplication that does not occur in animal virus replication is
    A. adsorption to the host cells.
    B.  injection of only the viral nucleic acid into the host cell.
    C.  host cell synthesis of viral enzymes and capsid proteins.
    D.  assembly of nucleocapsids.
    E.  replication of viral nucleic acid.

 

ASM Objective: 02.03 The replication cycles of viruses (lytic and lysogenic) are dependent on living host cells and determined by their unique genomes and structures.
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
Bloom’s Level: 01. Remember
Learning Objective: 05.11 Provide a through description of lysogenic and lytic bacteriophage infections.
Section: 05.03
Topic: Viruses

37. Viruses that cause infection resulting in alternating periods of activity with symptoms and inactivity without symptoms are called
    A. latent.
    B.  oncogenic.
    C.  prions.
    D.  viroids.
    E.  delta agents.

 

ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, interact with both human and non-human hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways.
ASM Topic: Module 05 Systems
Bloom’s Level: 01. Remember
Learning Objective: 05.10 Discuss both persistent and transforming infections.
Section: 05.03
Topic: Pathogenesis
Topic: Viruses

 

38. Uncoating of viral nucleic acid
    A. does not occur in bacteriophage multiplication.
    B.  involves enzymatic destruction of the capsid.
    C.  releases viral nucleic acid into the cell.
    D.  occurs before replication.
    E.  All of the choices are correct.

 

ASM Objective: 02.03 The replication cycles of viruses (lytic and lysogenic) are dependent on living host cells and determined by their unique genomes and structures.
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
Bloom’s Level: 01. Remember
Learning Objective: 05.08 Diagram the five-step cycle of animal viruses.
Section: 05.03
Topic: Viruses

39. Lysogeny refers to
    A. altering the host range of a virus.
    B.  latent state of herpes infections.
    C.  virion exiting host cell.
    D.  viral genome inserting into bacterial host chromosome.
    E.  None of the choices is correct.

 

ASM Objective: 02.03 The replication cycles of viruses (lytic and lysogenic) are dependent on living host cells and determined by their unique genomes and structures.
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
Bloom’s Level: 01. Remember
Learning Objective: 05.11 Provide a through description of lysogenic and lytic bacteriophage infections.
Section: 05.03
Topic: Viruses

40. Viruses that infect bacteria are specifically called
    A. viroids.
    B.  prions.
    C.  bacteriophages.
    D.  satellite viruses.
    E.  All of the choices infect bacteria.

 

ASM Objective: 02.03 The replication cycles of viruses (lytic and lysogenic) are dependent on living host cells and determined by their unique genomes and structures.
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
Bloom’s Level: 01. Remember
Learning Objective: 05.11 Provide a through description of lysogenic and lytic bacteriophage infections.
Section: 05.03
Topic: Viruses

 

41. During lysogeny, an inactive prophage state occurs when the viral DNA is inserted into the
    A. host cytoplasm.
    B.  host nucleus.
    C.  host nucleolus.
    D.  host DNA.
    E.  host cell membrane.

 

ASM Objective: 02.03 The replication cycles of viruses (lytic and lysogenic) are dependent on living host cells and determined by their unique genomes and structures.
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
Bloom’s Level: 01. Remember
Learning Objective: 05.11 Provide a through description of lysogenic and lytic bacteriophage infections.
Section: 05.03
Topic: Viruses

42. What type of phage enters an inactive prophage stage?
    A. primary
    B.  secondary
    C.  temperate
    D.  temporary
    E.  transformed

 

ASM Objective: 02.03 The replication cycles of viruses (lytic and lysogenic) are dependent on living host cells and determined by their unique genomes and structures.
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
Bloom’s Level: 01. Remember
Learning Objective: 05.11 Provide a through description of lysogenic and lytic bacteriophage infections.
Section: 05.03
Topic: Viruses

 

43. The activation of a prophage is called
    A. activation.
    B.  lysogeny.
    C.  transformation.
    D.  induction.
    E.  adsorption.

 

ASM Objective: 02.03 The replication cycles of viruses (lytic and lysogenic) are dependent on living host cells and determined by their unique genomes and structures.
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
Bloom’s Level: 01. Remember
Learning Objective: 05.11 Provide a through description of lysogenic and lytic bacteriophage infections.
Section: 05.03
Topic: Viruses

44. When a bacterium acquires a trait from its temperate phage, it is called
    A. transformation.
    B.  lysogenic conversion.
    C.  viral persistence.
    D.  transcription.
    E.  translation.

 

ASM Objective: 02.03 The replication cycles of viruses (lytic and lysogenic) are dependent on living host cells and determined by their unique genomes and structures.
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
Bloom’s Level: 01. Remember
Learning Objective: 05.11 Provide a through description of lysogenic and lytic bacteriophage infections.
Section: 05.03
Topic: Viruses

45. Which of the following will not support viral cultivation?
    A. live lab animals
    B.  embryonated bird eggs
    C.  primary cell cultures
    D.  continuous cell cultures
    E.  All of the choices will support viral cultivation.

 

ASM Objective: 08.05 Use appropriate microbiological and molecular lab equipment.
ASM Topic: Module 08 Microbiology Skills
Bloom’s Level: 01. Remember
Learning Objective: 05.13 Describe three ways in which viruses are cultivated.
Section: 05.04
Topic: Tools and Methods of Culturing, Classifying, and Identifying Microorganisms
Topic: Viruses

 

46. Visible, clear, well-defined patches in a monolayer of virus-infected cells in a culture are called
    A. lysogeny.
    B.  budding.
    C.  plaques.
    D.  cytopathic effects.
    E.  pocks.

 

ASM Objective: 08.05 Use appropriate microbiological and molecular lab equipment.
ASM Topic: Module 08 Microbiology Skills
Bloom’s Level: 01. Remember
Learning Objective: 05.13 Describe three ways in which viruses are cultivated.
Section: 05.04
Topic: Tools and Methods of Culturing, Classifying, and Identifying Microorganisms
Topic: Viruses

47. Cells grown in culture form a/an
    A. monolayer.
    B.  bilayer.
    C.  aggregate.
    D.  plaque.
    E.  None of the choices is correct.

 

ASM Objective: 08.05 Use appropriate microbiological and molecular lab equipment.
ASM Topic: Module 08 Microbiology Skills
Bloom’s Level: 01. Remember
Learning Objective: 05.13 Describe three ways in which viruses are cultivated.
Section: 05.04
Topic: Tools and Methods of Culturing, Classifying, and Identifying Microorganisms
Topic: Viruses

 

48. A common method for cultivating viruses in the lab is to use in vitro systems called _____ cultures.
    A. embryo
    B.  cell
    C.  plaque
    D.  bacteriophage
    E.  egg

 

ASM Objective: 08.05 Use appropriate microbiological and molecular lab equipment.
ASM Topic: Module 08 Microbiology Skills
Bloom’s Level: 01. Remember
Learning Objective: 05.13 Describe three ways in which viruses are cultivated.
Section: 05.04
Topic: Tools and Methods of Culturing, Classifying, and Identifying Microorganisms
Topic: Viruses

49. Infectious protein particles are called
    A. viroids.
    B.  phages.
    C.  prions.
    D.  oncogenic viruses.
    E.  spikes.

 

ASM Objective: 01.02 Mutations and horizontal gene transfer, along with the immense variety of microenvironments, have resulted in a vast diversity of microorganisms.
ASM Topic: Module 01 Evolution
Bloom’s Level: 01. Remember
Learning Objective: 05.14 Name two noncellular infectious agents besides viruses.
Section: 05.05
Topic: Microbial World

 

50. Infectious naked strands of RNA that affect plants are called
    A. viroids.
    B.  phages.
    C.  prions.
    D.  oncogenic viruses.
    E.  spikes.

 

ASM Objective: 01.02 Mutations and horizontal gene transfer, along with the immense variety of microenvironments, have resulted in a vast diversity of microorganisms.
ASM Topic: Module 01 Evolution
Bloom’s Level: 01. Remember
Learning Objective: 05.14 Name two noncellular infectious agents besides viruses.
Section: 05.05
Topic: Microbial World

51. Creutzfeld-Jacob disease is
    A. caused by a chronic latent virus.
    B.  initiated by an oncogenic virus.
    C.  caused by a viroid.
    D.  a spongiform encephalopathy of humans.
    E.  also called “mad cow disease.”

 

ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, interact with both human and non-human hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways.
ASM Topic: Module 05 Systems
Bloom’s Level: 01. Remember
Learning Objective: 05.14 Name two noncellular infectious agents besides viruses.
Section: 05.05
Topic: Microbial World
Topic: Nervous System Infections

 

52. Satellite viruses are
    A. also called viroids.
    B.  dependent on other viruses for replication.
    C.  the cause of spongiform encephalopathies.
    D.  significant pathogens of plants.
    E.  All of the choices are correct.

 

ASM Objective: 01.02 Mutations and horizontal gene transfer, along with the immense variety of microenvironments, have resulted in a vast diversity of microorganisms.
ASM Topic: Module 01 Evolution
Bloom’s Level: 01. Remember
Learning Objective: 05.14 Name two noncellular infectious agents besides viruses.
Section: 05.05
Topic: Viruses

53. Two noncellular agents, smaller than viruses, are the infectious proteins called _____ and the infectious RNA strands called _____.
    A. prions, capsomeres
    B.  virions, prions
    C.  viroids, phages
    D.  prions, phages
    E.  prions, viroids

 

ASM Objective: 01.02 Mutations and horizontal gene transfer, along with the immense variety of microenvironments, have resulted in a vast diversity of microorganisms.
ASM Topic: Module 01 Evolution
Bloom’s Level: 01. Remember
Learning Objective: 05.14 Name two noncellular infectious agents besides viruses.
Section: 05.05
Topic: Microbial World

 

54. Who developed a rabies vaccine by separating bacteria from virus using a filter?
    A. Leewonhoek
    B.  Koch
    C.  Pasteur
    D.  Cohn
    E.  Semmelwise

 

ASM Objective: 06.03 Humans utilize and harness microorganisms and their products.
ASM Topic: Module 06 Impact of Microorganisms
Bloom’s Level: 01. Remember
Learning Objective: 05.01 Explain what it means when viruses are described as “filterable.”
Section: 05.01
Topic: Immunity and Immunization
Topic: Viruses

55. The primary purpose of viral cultivation is
    A. to isolate and identify viruses in clinical specimens.
    B.  to prepare viruses for vaccines.
    C.  to do detailed research on viral structure, lifestyle, genetics, and effects on host cells.
    D.  All of the choices are correct.

 

ASM Objective: 06.03 Humans utilize and harness microorganisms and their products.
ASM Topic: Module 06 Impact of Microorganisms
Bloom’s Level: 01. Remember
Learning Objective: 05.12 List the three principal purposes of cultivating viruses.
Section: 05.04
Topic: Tools and Methods of Culturing, Classifying, and Identifying Microorganisms
Topic: Viruses

 

True / False Questions

56. When a virus enters a host cell, the viral genes redirect the genetic and metabolic activities of the host cell.
    TRUE

 

ASM Objective: 04.04 The synthesis of viral genetic material and proteins is dependent on host cells, and these processes can be different among viruses.
ASM Topic: Module 04 Information Flow
Bloom’s Level: 01. Remember
Learning Objective: 05.02 Identify better terms for viruses than “alive” or “dead”.
Section: 05.01
Topic: Viruses

 

57. Viruses are used to produce vaccines for prevention of certain viral infections.
    TRUE

 

ASM Objective: 06.03 Humans utilize and harness microorganisms and their products.
ASM Topic: Module 06 Impact of Microorganisms
Bloom’s Level: 01. Remember
Learning Objective: 05.12 List the three principal purposes of cultivating viruses.
Section: 05.04
Topic: Immunity and Immunization
Topic: Viruses

58. Viruses are ultramicroscopic because they range in size from 2 mm to 450 mm.
    FALSE

 

ASM Objective: 02.04 The structure and function of microorganisms have been revealed by the use of microscopy (including bright field, phase contrast, fluorescent, and electron).
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
Bloom’s Level: 01. Remember
Learning Objective: 05.03 Discuss the size of viruses relative to other microorganisms.
Section: 05.02
Topic: Microbial World
Topic: Viruses

59. A fully formed virus that can cause an infection in a host cell is called a virion.
    TRUE

 

ASM Objective: 02.03 The replication cycles of viruses (lytic and lysogenic) are dependent on living host cells and determined by their unique genomes and structures.
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
Bloom’s Level: 01. Remember
Learning Objective: 05.03 Discuss the size of viruses relative to other microorganisms.
Section: 05.02
Topic: Viruses

60. Spikes are glycoproteins of the virus capsid.
    TRUE

 

ASM Objective: 02.03 The replication cycles of viruses (lytic and lysogenic) are dependent on living host cells and determined by their unique genomes and structures.
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
Bloom’s Level: 01. Remember
Learning Objective: 05.06 Explain the importance of viral surface proteins, or spikes.
Section: 05.02
Topic: Viruses

 

61. A specific animal virus has the ability to attach to and enter almost any animal host cell.
    FALSE

 

ASM Objective: 02.03 The replication cycles of viruses (lytic and lysogenic) are dependent on living host cells and determined by their unique genomes and structures.
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
Bloom’s Level: 01. Remember
Learning Objective: 05.08 Diagram the five-step cycle of animal viruses.
Section: 05.03
Topic: Infection and Disease
Topic: Viruses

62. Viral spikes are inserted into the host cell membrane before budding or exocytosis.
    TRUE

 

ASM Objective: 02.03 The replication cycles of viruses (lytic and lysogenic) are dependent on living host cells and determined by their unique genomes and structures.
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
Bloom’s Level: 01. Remember
Learning Objective: 05.08 Diagram the five-step cycle of animal viruses.
Section: 05.03
Topic: Viruses

63. Prophages can be activated into viral replication and enter the lytic cycle.
    TRUE

 

ASM Objective: 02.03 The replication cycles of viruses (lytic and lysogenic) are dependent on living host cells and determined by their unique genomes and structures.
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
Bloom’s Level: 01. Remember
Learning Objective: 05.11 Provide a through description of lysogenic and lytic bacteriophage infections.
Section: 05.03
Topic: Viruses

 

64. Viruses are the most common cause of acute infections that do not result in hospitalization.
    TRUE

 

ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, interact with both human and non-human hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways.
ASM Topic: Module 05 Systems
Bloom’s Level: 01. Remember
Learning Objective: 05.15 Analyze the relative importance of viruses in human infection and disease.
Section: 05.06
Topic: Infection and Disease
Topic: Viruses

65. The adeno-associated virus (AAV) is a prion.
    FALSE

 

ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, interact with both human and non-human hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways.
ASM Topic: Module 05 Systems
Bloom’s Level: 01. Remember
Learning Objective: 05.14 Name two noncellular infectious agents besides viruses.
Section: 05.05
Topic: Microbial World

66. Viruses are simple, non-cellular, and lack mRNA.
    TRUE

 

ASM Objective: 01.02 Mutations and horizontal gene transfer, along with the immense variety of microenvironments, have resulted in a vast diversity of microorganisms.
ASM Topic: Module 01 Evolution
Bloom’s Level: 01. Remember
Learning Objective: 05.02 Identify better terms for viruses than “alive” or “dead”.
Section: 05.01
Topic: Viruses

 

67. Viruses mutate and some have not been discovered.
    TRUE

 

ASM Objective: 06.04 Because the true diversity of microbial life is largely unknown, its effects and potential benefits have not been fully explored.
ASM Topic: Module 06 Impact of Microorganisms
Bloom’s Level: 01. Remember
Learning Objective: 05.16 Discuss the primary reason that antiviral drugs are more difficult to design than antibacterial drugs.
Section: 05.06
Topic: Viruses

68. Viruses are not filterable.
    FALSE

 

ASM Objective: 08.05 Use appropriate microbiological and molecular lab equipment.
ASM Topic: Module 08 Microbiology Skills
Bloom’s Level: 01. Remember
Learning Objective: 05.01 Explain what it means when viruses are described as “filterable.”
Section: 05.01
Topic: Viruses

69. Viruses are unable to multiply outside of a host cell.
    TRUE

 

ASM Objective: 02.03 The replication cycles of viruses (lytic and lysogenic) are dependent on living host cells and determined by their unique genomes and structures.
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
Bloom’s Level: 01. Remember
Learning Objective: 05.02 Identify better terms for viruses than “alive” or “dead”.
Section: 05.01
Topic: Viruses

 

Multiple Choice Questions
 

NCLEX Prep – Test Bank Question:  Please read the clinical scenario, and then answer the questions that follow to become familiar with the traditional NCLEX question format.

Mrs. Hammond is a 79-year-old woman who has been a resident on your floor for the past 5 years. She has been complaining of pain, burning, and tingling on her left side. Today, you observe fluid-filled blisters wrapping around the left side of her torso in a single line. The physician diagnoses her with shingles and places her on contact precautions.

ASM Objective: 03.03 The survival and growth of any microorganism in a given environment depends on its metabolic characteristics.
ASM Objective: 04.04 The synthesis of viral genetic material and proteins is dependent on host cells, and these processes can be different among viruses.
ASM Topic: Module 03 Metabolic Pathways
ASM Topic: Module 04 Information Flow
Bloom’s Level: 03. Apply
Learning Objective: 05.04 Describe the function and structure(s) of viral capsids.
Learning Objective: 05.08 Diagram the five-step cycle of animal viruses.
Learning Objective: 05.10 Discuss both persistent and transforming infections.
Learning Objective: 05.11 Provide a through description of lysogenic and lytic bacteriophage infections.
Section: 05.02
Section: 05.03
Topic: Viruses

70. Mr. Hammond inquires how his wife contracted this viral infection, since she has not come in contact with anyone who has shingles. You recall from microbiology that varicella zoster virus can remain in a chronic latent state in a host by
    A. integrating into a bacteriophage.
    B.  turning on oncogenes.
    C.  attacking T cells.
    D.  incorporating viral DNA into the host DNA.

 

ASM Objective: 03.03 The survival and growth of any microorganism in a given environment depends on its metabolic characteristics.
ASM Objective: 04.04 The synthesis of viral genetic material and proteins is dependent on host cells, and these processes can be different among viruses.
ASM Topic: Module 03 Metabolic Pathways
ASM Topic: Module 04 Information Flow
Bloom’s Level: 03. Apply
Learning Objective: 05.04 Describe the function and structure(s) of viral capsids.
Learning Objective: 05.08 Diagram the five-step cycle of animal viruses.
Learning Objective: 05.10 Discuss both persistent and transforming infections.
Learning Objective: 05.11 Provide a through description of lysogenic and lytic bacteriophage infections.
Section: 05.02
Section: 05.03
Topic: Viruses

 

71. Viruses contain the necessary tools to invade and control a host cell. These tools may consist of a
    A. nucleus, nucleic acid strands of DNA and RNA, and enzymes.
    B.  capsid or envelope, nucleic acid strands of DNA or RNA, and enzymes.
    C.  nucleus, nucleic acid strands of RNA, capsid, and enzymes.
    D.  capsid or envelope, nucleic acid strands of DNA, and enzymes.

 

ASM Objective: 03.03 The survival and growth of any microorganism in a given environment depends on its metabolic characteristics.
ASM Objective: 04.04 The synthesis of viral genetic material and proteins is dependent on host cells, and these processes can be different among viruses.
ASM Topic: Module 03 Metabolic Pathways
ASM Topic: Module 04 Information Flow
Bloom’s Level: 03. Apply
Learning Objective: 05.04 Describe the function and structure(s) of viral capsids.
Learning Objective: 05.08 Diagram the five-step cycle of animal viruses.
Learning Objective: 05.10 Discuss both persistent and transforming infections.
Learning Objective: 05.11 Provide a through description of lysogenic and lytic bacteriophage infections.
Section: 05.02
Section: 05.03
Topic: Viruses

72. Viruses differ from cells in that they consist of
    A. only DNA.
    B.  only RNA.
    C.  both RNA and DNA.
    D.  either DNA or RNA but not both.

 

ASM Objective: 03.03 The survival and growth of any microorganism in a given environment depends on its metabolic characteristics.
ASM Objective: 04.04 The synthesis of viral genetic material and proteins is dependent on host cells, and these processes can be different among viruses.
ASM Topic: Module 03 Metabolic Pathways
ASM Topic: Module 04 Information Flow
Bloom’s Level: 03. Apply
Learning Objective: 05.04 Describe the function and structure(s) of viral capsids.
Learning Objective: 05.08 Diagram the five-step cycle of animal viruses.
Learning Objective: 05.10 Discuss both persistent and transforming infections.
Learning Objective: 05.11 Provide a through description of lysogenic and lytic bacteriophage infections.
Section: 05.02
Section: 05.03
Topic: Viruses

 

73. The bacteriophage multiplication cycle is similar to that of an animal virus with the exception of uncoating. Uncoating does not occur because
    A. they utilize specific receptors on the bacterial surface to adsorb.
    B.  the viral nucleic acid penetrates the host after being injected through a rigid tube inserted through the bacterial cell membrane and wall.
    C.  the viral nucleic acid enters the host cell through transformation.
    D.  the virus is engulfed by the cell and enclosed in a vacuole via endocytosis.

 

ASM Objective: 03.03 The survival and growth of any microorganism in a given environment depends on its metabolic characteristics.
ASM Objective: 04.04 The synthesis of viral genetic material and proteins is dependent on host cells, and these processes can be different among viruses.
ASM Topic: Module 03 Metabolic Pathways
ASM Topic: Module 04 Information Flow
Bloom’s Level: 03. Apply
Learning Objective: 05.04 Describe the function and structure(s) of viral capsids.
Learning Objective: 05.08 Diagram the five-step cycle of animal viruses.
Learning Objective: 05.10 Discuss both persistent and transforming infections.
Learning Objective: 05.11 Provide a through description of lysogenic and lytic bacteriophage infections.
Section: 05.02
Section: 05.03
Topic: Viruses

NCLEX Prep – Test Bank Question:  Please read the clinical scenario, and then answer the questions that follow to become familiar with the traditional NCLEX question format.

Mr. Olson arrived in the emergency department with his 10-month-old son. Mr. Olson states he had difficulty waking his son from a nap this afternoon. Additionally, the infant was unable to hold his spoon at dinner and did not seem to be chewing correctly. You observe that the patient has a very weak cry. Mr. Olson noted that the only difference in his son’s diet was the ingestion of fresh honey on his toast at breakfast yesterday. You suspect Clostridium botulinum infection due to the ingestion of bacterial endospores.

ASM Objective: 02.03 The replication cycles of viruses (lytic and lysogenic) are dependent on living host cells and determined by their unique genomes and structures.
ASM Objective: 04.04 The synthesis of viral genetic material and proteins is dependent on host cells, and these processes can be different among viruses.
ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, interact with both human and non-human hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways.
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
ASM Topic: Module 04 Information Flow
ASM Topic: Module 05 Systems
Bloom’s Level: 03. Apply
Learning Objective: 05.11 Provide a through description of lysogenic and lytic bacteriophage infections.
Section: 05.03
Topic: Viruses

 

74. Even though it is a bacterium, Clostridium botulinum can be made more pathogenic once infected with a/n
    A. temperate phage.
    B.  oncogene.
    C.  plaque.
    D.  retrovirus.

 

ASM Objective: 02.03 The replication cycles of viruses (lytic and lysogenic) are dependent on living host cells and determined by their unique genomes and structures.
ASM Objective: 04.04 The synthesis of viral genetic material and proteins is dependent on host cells, and these processes can be different among viruses.
ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, interact with both human and non-human hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways.
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
ASM Topic: Module 04 Information Flow
ASM Topic: Module 05 Systems
Bloom’s Level: 03. Apply
Learning Objective: 05.11 Provide a through description of lysogenic and lytic bacteriophage infections.
Section: 05.03
Topic: Viruses

75. A bacterium acquiring a new trait from a bacteriophage is a phenomenon called
    A. the cytopathic effect.
    B.  lytic conversion.
    C.  lysogenic conversion.
    D.  in vitro cultivation.

 

ASM Objective: 02.03 The replication cycles of viruses (lytic and lysogenic) are dependent on living host cells and determined by their unique genomes and structures.
ASM Objective: 04.04 The synthesis of viral genetic material and proteins is dependent on host cells, and these processes can be different among viruses.
ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, interact with both human and non-human hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways.
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
ASM Topic: Module 04 Information Flow
ASM Topic: Module 05 Systems
Bloom’s Level: 03. Apply
Learning Objective: 05.11 Provide a through description of lysogenic and lytic bacteriophage infections.
Section: 05.03
Topic: Viruses

 

76. Which of the following best explains how a bacterial prophage can negatively impact human health?
    A. Toxins or enzymes are produced by the infected bacterial pathogen that cause pathology in humans.
    B.  The entry of the prophage causes cessation of protein synthesis in human cells.
    C.  The lysis of infected human cells results in the release of numerous phage particles.
    D.  The entry of the prophage shuts down DNA replication in human cells.

 

ASM Objective: 02.03 The replication cycles of viruses (lytic and lysogenic) are dependent on living host cells and determined by their unique genomes and structures.
ASM Objective: 04.04 The synthesis of viral genetic material and proteins is dependent on host cells, and these processes can be different among viruses.
ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, interact with both human and non-human hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways.
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
ASM Topic: Module 04 Information Flow
ASM Topic: Module 05 Systems
Bloom’s Level: 03. Apply
Learning Objective: 05.11 Provide a through description of lysogenic and lytic bacteriophage infections.
Section: 05.03
Topic: Viruses

NCLEX Prep – Test Bank Question:  Please read the clinical scenario, and then answer the questions that follow to become familiar with the traditional NCLEX question format.

5-month-old Emily Harter presented to the pediatrician’s office with a fever, dyspnea (labored breathing), wheezing, nasal flaring, and a harsh cough. Rapid testing of nasal swabs obtained from Emily revealed RSV disease. Mrs. Harter is distraught to learn that her daughter will be admitted to the hospital, and will receive intravenous hydration and oxygen therapy.

ASM Objective: 02.03 The replication cycles of viruses (lytic and lysogenic) are dependent on living host cells and determined by their unique genomes and structures.
ASM Objective: 03.04 The growth of microorganisms can be controlled by physical, chemical, mechanical, and biological methods.
ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, interact with both human and non-human hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways.
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
ASM Topic: Module 03 Metabolic Pathways
ASM Topic: Module 05 Systems
Bloom’s Level: 03. Apply
Learning Objective: 05.13 Describe three ways in which viruses are cultivated.
Learning Objective: 05.15 Analyze the relative importance of viruses in human infection and disease.
Learning Objective: 05.16 Discuss the primary reason that antiviral drugs are more difficult to design than antibacterial drugs.
Section: 05.04
Section: 05.06
Topic: Viruses

 

77. RSV disease is caused by the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). RSV is a/n
    A. DNA virus.
    B.  RNA virus.
    C.  prion.
    D.  bacteriophage.

 

ASM Objective: 02.03 The replication cycles of viruses (lytic and lysogenic) are dependent on living host cells and determined by their unique genomes and structures.
ASM Objective: 03.04 The growth of microorganisms can be controlled by physical, chemical, mechanical, and biological methods.
ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, interact with both human and non-human hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways.
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
ASM Topic: Module 03 Metabolic Pathways
Bloom’s Level: 03. Apply
Learning Objective: 05.13 Describe three ways in which viruses are cultivated.
Learning Objective: 05.15 Analyze the relative importance of viruses in human infection and disease.
Learning Objective: 05.16 Discuss the primary reason that antiviral drugs are more difficult to design than antibacterial drugs.
Section: 05.04
Section: 05.06
Topic: Viruses

78. RSV belongs to which virus family?
    A. Poxviridae
    B.  Picornaviridae
    C.  Filoviridae
    D.  Reoviridae

 

ASM Objective: 02.03 The replication cycles of viruses (lytic and lysogenic) are dependent on living host cells and determined by their unique genomes and structures.
ASM Objective: 03.04 The growth of microorganisms can be controlled by physical, chemical, mechanical, and biological methods.
ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, interact with both human and non-human hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways.
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
ASM Topic: Module 03 Metabolic Pathways
ASM Topic: Module 05 Systems
Bloom’s Level: 03. Apply
Learning Objective: 05.13 Describe three ways in which viruses are cultivated.
Learning Objective: 05.15 Analyze the relative importance of viruses in human infection and disease.
Learning Objective: 05.16 Discuss the primary reason that antiviral drugs are more difficult to design than antibacterial drugs.
Section: 05.04
Section: 05.06
Topic: Viruses

 

79. Mrs. Harter questions which antibiotic will be given to treat her daughter’s infection. You inform her that
    A. antibiotics target eukaryotic cells and do not work on viruses.
    B.  antibiotics target prokaryotic cells and do not work on viruses.
    C.  her daughter will be tested for antibiotic sensitivity before they are given for treatment.
    D.  her daughter can be treated with any antibiotic to inactivate the virus causing RSV disease.

 

ASM Objective: 02.03 The replication cycles of viruses (lytic and lysogenic) are dependent on living host cells and determined by their unique genomes and structures.
ASM Objective: 03.04 The growth of microorganisms can be controlled by physical, chemical, mechanical, and biological methods.
ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, interact with both human and non-human hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways.
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
ASM Topic: Module 03 Metabolic Pathways
ASM Topic: Module 05 Systems
Bloom’s Level: 03. Apply
Learning Objective: 05.13 Describe three ways in which viruses are cultivated.
Learning Objective: 05.15 Analyze the relative importance of viruses in human infection and disease.
Learning Objective: 05.16 Discuss the primary reason that antiviral drugs are more difficult to design than antibacterial drugs.
Section: 05.04
Section: 05.06
Topic: Viruses

80. After the Harters leave for the hospital, you recall the challenges and limitations researching animal viruses such as RSV. Which of the following is not utilized in the cultivation of animal viruses?
    A. bacterial cells
    B.  embryonated chicken eggs
    C.  cultured animal cells
    D.  live animals such as mice

 

ASM Objective: 02.03 The replication cycles of viruses (lytic and lysogenic) are dependent on living host cells and determined by their unique genomes and structures.
ASM Objective: 03.04 The growth of microorganisms can be controlled by physical, chemical, mechanical, and biological methods.
ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, interact with both human and non-human hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways.
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
ASM Topic: Module 03 Metabolic Pathways
ASM Topic: Module 05 Systems
Bloom’s Level: 03. Apply
Learning Objective: 05.13 Describe three ways in which viruses are cultivated.
Learning Objective: 05.15 Analyze the relative importance of viruses in human infection and disease.
Learning Objective: 05.16 Discuss the primary reason that antiviral drugs are more difficult to design than antibacterial drugs.
Section: 05.04
Section: 05.06
Topic: Viruses