Organizational Development The Process of Leading Organizational Change 4th Edition By Donal L. – Test Bank

 

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Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

Chapter 5: The Organization Development Practitioner and the OD Process

Test Bank

 

Multiple Choice

 

 

1. Which consulting approach most focuses on a shared view of all responsibilities?
2. Expert
3. Doctor-Patient
4. Mechanic
5. Organization Development

Ans: D

AACSB: Application of knowledge

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Table 5.1
Difficulty Level: Easy

 

2. Which type of consulting approach is commonly utilized in the IT field or financial industry?
3. Expert
4. Doctor-Patient
5. Mechanic
6. Organization Development

Ans: A

AACSB: Integrating knowledge across fields

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Expert Model
Difficulty Level: Medium

 

3. When using the ______ approach to consulting, the client has typically framed the problem already as a gap in knowledge that the consultant can fulfill.
4. expert
5. doctor-patient
6. mechanic
7. organization development

Ans: A

AACSB: Analytical thinking

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Expert Model
Difficulty Level: Hard

 

4. The ______ approach to consulting frequently results in low success after implementation.
5. expert
6. doctor-patient
7. mechanic
8. organization development

Ans: B

AACSB: Application of knowledge

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Doctor-Patient
Difficulty Level: Hard

 

5. When using the ______ approach to consulting, even if the problem is successfully solved, clients will likely not know how to solve the problem themselves in the the future and will be forced to contact the consultant again.
6. expert
7. doctor-patient
8. mechanic
9. organization development

Ans: B

AACSB: Analytical thinking

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Doctor-Patient
Difficulty Level: Medium

 

6. Within the ______ approach to consulting, the underlying notion is that clients do not have time or patience to deal with problems.
7. expert
8. doctor-patient
9. mechanic
10. organization development

Ans: C

AACSB: Interpersonal relations and teamwork

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Mechanic Model
Difficulty Level: Medium

 

7. The ______ approach to consulting essentially gives the consultant responsibilty over virtually every aspect of the problem and the solution, and the client relinquishes both accountability and responsibility of the problem.
8. expert
9. doctor-patient
10. mechanic
11. organization development

Ans: C

AACSB: Interpersonal relations and teamwork

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Mechanic Model
Difficulty Level: Medium

 

8. Within the ______ approach to consulting, the consultant has the responsibility to invite the client to share expectations about roles and working expectations.
9. expert
10. doctor-patient
11. mechanic
12. organization development

Ans: D

AACSB: Interpersonal relations and teamwork

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Organization Development Consulting Model
Difficulty Level: Easy

 

9. OD consulting has also been referred to as ______ consulting, in an effort to set it apart from consulting in which the practitioner offers content expertise.
10. expert
11. process
12. responsible
13. accountable

Ans: B

AACSB: Reflective thinking

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: The Organization Development Consulting Model
Difficulty Level: Medium

 

10. OD consultants view ______ as the experts.
11. themselves
12. their colleagues
13. clients
14. members of society

Ans: C

AACSB: Reflective thinking

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: The Organization Development Consulting Model
Difficulty Level: Easy

 

11. Having more knowledge of organizational culture, history, and practices is an example of which of the following?
12. advantage of internal consulting
13. advantage of external consulting
14. disadvantage of internal consulting
15. disadvantage of external consulting

Ans: A

AACSB: Leading in organizational situations

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Table 5.2
Difficulty Level: Medium

 

12. Earning a regular salary is an example of which of the following?
13. advantage of internal consulting
14. advantage of external consulting
15. disadvantage of internal consulting
16. disadvantage of external consulting

Ans: A

AACSB: Reflective thinking

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Table 5.2
Difficulty Level: Easy

 

13. Having less political involvement, resulting in being more truthful with less consequence is an example of which of the following?
14. advantage of internal consulting
15. advantage of external consulting
16. disadvantage of internal consulting
17. disadvantage of external consulting

Ans: B

AACSB: Making sound decisions

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Table 5.2
Difficulty Level: Medium

 

14. Organizational members feeling more comfortable sharing confidential information without fear of leaks is an example of which of the following?
15. advantage of internal consulting
16. advantage of external consulting
17. disadvatnage of internal consulting
18. disadvantage of external consulting

Ans: B

AACSB: Group and individual behaviors

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Table 5.2
Difficulty Level: Medium

 

15. Having less variety in clients, industries, and issues is an example of which of the following?
16. advantage of internal consulting
17. advantage of external consulting
18. disadvantage of internal consulting
19. disadvantage of external consulting

Ans: C

AACSB: Analytical thinking

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Table 5.2
Difficulty Level: Easy

 

16. Organizational members being reluctant to share sensitive information for fear that it may leak internally to colleagues is an example of which of the following?
17. advantage of internal consulting
18. advantage of external consulting
19. disadvantage of internal consulting
20. disadvantage of external consulting

Ans: C

AACSB: Group and individual behaviors

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Table 5.2
Difficulty Level: Medium

 

17. Being perceived as short-term is an example of which of the following?
18. advantage of internal consulting
19. advantage of external consulting
20. disadvantage of internal consulting
21. disadvantage of external consulting

Ans: D

AACSB: Application of knowledge

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Table 5.2
Difficulty Level: Easy

 

18. Not being able to follow through beyond interventions to see long-term results is potentially an example of which of the following?
19. advantage of internal consulting
20. advantage of external consulting
21. disadvantage of internal consulting
22. disadvantage of external consulting

Ans: D

AACSB: Reflective thinking

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Table 5.2
Difficulty Level: Medium

 

19. In becoming an OD consultant, many observers note a background in ______ is a good starting point to expose beginners to introductory OD concepts.
20. history
21. social and behavioral sciences
22. biological sciences
23. information technology

Ans: B

AACSB: Reflective thinking

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Becoming an OD Consultant
Difficulty Level: Easy

 

20. Which of the following is one of the best ways to become skilled in the area of OD consulting?
21. reading textbooks
22. studying past scenarios
23. shadowing a skilled mentor
24. starting right in with personal experience

Ans: C

AACSB: Making sound decisions

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Becoming an OD Consultant
Difficulty Level: Medium

 

21. Which of the following is NOT an area that Varney describes as necessary for practitoners to be skilled:
22. information technology skills
23. self and impact awareness
24. conceptual, analytical, and research skills
25. organizational change and influence skills

Ans: A

AACSB: Leading in organizational situations

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Skills and Competencies for OD Consultants
Difficulty Level: Hard

 

22. Strategy, change theory, and group development are examples of which of the following OD consultant competencies?
23. Interpersonal Skills and Personal Characteristics
24. Organizational Behavior
25. Training and Development
26. General Professional Skills

Ans: B

AACSB: Group and individual behaviors

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Table 5.3
Difficulty Level: Easy

 

23. Survey preparation and participant observation are examples of which of the following OD consultant competencies?
24. Interpersonal Skills and Personal Characteristics
25. Organizational Behavior
26. Data Collection and Analysis
27. Consulting Skills

Ans: D

AACSB: Information technology

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Table 5.3
Difficulty Level: Easy

 

24. Finance and accounting, HRM, and legal issues are examples of which of the following OD consultant competencies?
25. Organizational Behavior
26. Training and Development
27. Business and Management Knowledge Areas
28. General Professional Skills

Ans: c

AACSB: Integrating knowledge across fields

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Table 5.3
Difficulty Level: Easy

 

25. Strategic planning and goal setting are examples of which of the following OD consultant competencies?
26. Data Collection and Analysis
27. Business and Management Knowledge Areas
28. Consulting Skills
29. Interventions

Ans: D

AACSB: Application of knowledge

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Table 5.3
Difficulty Level: Easy

 

26. What is defined as “a participatory democratic process concerned with developing practical knowledge in the pursuit of worthwhile human purposes… ”?
27. Organization development
28. Action research
29. Training and development
30. Career development

Ans: B

AACSB: Integrating knowledge across fields

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: The OD Consulting Process and Action Research
Difficulty Level: Medium

 

27. In an ideal form, action research is a ______ in which the researcher is actively engaged with those experiencing the problem versus conducting research on them.
28. scientific process
29. observation technique
30. data-gathering method
31. consulting term

Ans: A

AACSB: Systems and processes in organizations

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The OD Consulting Process and Action Research
Difficulty Level: Medium

 

28. Which stage of the consulting process begins with an initial contact between a consultant and a client?
29. Entry
30. Contracting
31. Data gathering
32. Intervention

Ans: A

AACSB: Systems and processes in organizations

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Figure 5.2
Difficulty Level: Easy

 

29. Which stage of the consulting process describes when the consultant and client come to an agreement on what work will be accomplished?
30. Entry
31. Contracting
32. Diagnosis and feedback
33. Evaluation and exit

Ans: B

AACSB: Systems and processes in organizations

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Figure 5.2
Difficulty Level: Medium

 

30. Which stage of the consulting process is when the client and consultant jointly analyze and interpret the data?
31. Data gathering
32. Diagnosis and feedback
33. Intervention
34. Evaluation and exit

Ans: B

AACSB: Systems and processes in organizations

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Figure 5.2
Difficulty Level: Medium

 

31. Which stage of the consulting process is when details are sought about the situation, the client, the organization, and other relevant aspects of the problem utilizing a variety of methods or sources?
32. Data gathering
33. Diagnosis and feedback
34. Intervention
35. Evaluation and exit

Ans: A

AACSB: Systems and processes in organizations

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Figure 5.2
Difficulty Level: Easy

 

32. Which stage of the consulting process involves the strategy being carried out on agreement?
33. Contracting
34. Diagnosis and feedback
35. Intervention
36. Evaluation and exit

Ans: C

AACSB: Systems and processes in organizations

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Figure 5.2
Difficulty Level: Medium

 

33. Which stage of the consulting process is when the consultant and client review the outcomes of the intervention(s) and determining whether they resulted in the desired change?
34. Data gathering
35. Diagnosis and feedback
36. Intervention
37. Evaluation and exit

Ans: D

AACSB: Systems and processes in organizations

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Figure 5.2
Difficulty Level: Medium

 

34. The action research model is more ______ rather than linear.
35. interactive
36. structured
37. sequential
38. undeviating

Ans: A

AACSB: Systems and processes in organizations

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Figure 5.2
Difficulty Level: Medium

 

35. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Bushe and Marshak to describe the dialogic OD practices:
36. The change process emphasizes changing the conversations that normally take place in the system.
37. The change process occurs when there is a change in meaning in the organization, and thus conversation.
38. The change process results in new images, narratives, texts, and social constructed realities that affect how people think and act.
39. The change process is consistent with traditional OD values of collaboration, free and informed choice, and capacity building in the client system.

Ans: B

AACSB: Reflective thinking

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Foundational Assumptions of Dialogic OD
Difficulty Level: Hard

 

36. In a ______, practitioners work with leaders or sponsors to design events that are conducive to open dialogues about the future.
37. diagnostic consulting approach
38. action research appraoch
39. structured dialogic approach
40. dialogic process consultation

Ans: C

AACSB: Interpersonal relations and teamwork

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: A Dialogic OD Process
Difficulty Level: Hard

 

37. Bushe identifies the term ______, defined as “ideas, phrases, objects, pictures, manifestos, stories, or new words . . . [that] allow us to see new alternatives for decisions and actions . . . [and] generate change because people like the new options in front of them and want to use them.”
38. dialogic image
39. diagnostic image
40. action research image
41. generative image

Ans: C

AACSB: Analytical thinking

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: A Dialogic OD Process
Difficulty Level: Hard

 

38. In ______, formal events are not necessary for the practitioner to intervene ; rather, a practitioner can interevene into an ongoing team conversation.
39. diagnostic consulting approach
40. action research approach
41. structured dialogic approach
42. dialogic process consultation

Ans: D

AACSB: Interpersonal relations and teamwork

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: A Dialogic OD Process
Difficulty Level: Hard

 

39. Which of the following is NOT a change process that occurs in dialogic OD?
40. A disruption in the ongoing social construction of reality is stimulated or engaged in a way that leads to a more complex reorganization.
41. A change to one more narratives takes place.
42. A generative image is introduced or surfaces that provides new and compelling alternatives for thinking and acting.
43. A change occurs solely through technostructural or human processes interventions.

Ans: D

AACSB: Integrating knowledge across fields

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: A Dialogic OD Process
Difficulty Level: Hard

 

40. In dialogic OD, there is no real “______” in the organization.
41. concern
42. issue
43. truth
44. problem

Ans: C

AACSB: Reflective thinking

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Foundational Assumptions of Dialogic OD
Difficulty Level: Easy

 

 

True/False

1. The consultant’s role generally exists as an outsider to the client’s system.

Ans: T

AACSB: Interpersonal relations and teamwork

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Consulting Relationship and Types of Consulting
Difficulty Level: Easy

 

2. An “expert” consultant should be hired when the subject area is quite broad.

Ans: F

AACSB: Analytical thinking

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Expert Model
Difficulty Level: Medium

 

3. Typically, there is a diagnostic set of questions followed by a result and solution in the doctor-patient model.

Ans: T

AACSB: Interpersonal relations and teamwork

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Doctor-Patient Model
Difficulty Level: Easy

 

4. The mechanic model gives the consultant responsibility over virtually every aspect of the problem and the solution, and it permits the client to relinquish both accountability and responsibility for the problem.

Ans: T

AACSB: Making sound decisions

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Mechanic Model
Difficulty Level: Medium

 

5. OD consulting does not differ from the expert, doctor-patient, nor mechanic models.

Ans: F

AACSB: Making sound decisions

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Organization Development Consulting Model
Difficulty Level: Medium

 

6. The OD consulting model implies more of a shared role among all involved.

Ans: T

AACSB: Interpersonal relations and teamwork

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Organization Development Consulting Model
Difficulty Level: Easy

 

7. One negative aspect of OD being an internal function within an organization is that it gets buried within HR.

Ans: T

AACSB: Systems and processes within organizations

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: OD Practitioners: Who Are They and Where Do They Work?
Difficulty Level: Medium

 

8. Internal OD consultants work independently.

Ans: F

AACSB: Interpersonal relations and teamwork

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: OD Practitioners: Who Are They and Where Do They Work?
Difficulty Level: Easy

 

9. One major disadvantage of external consulting is that organizational members may be reluctant to share sensitive information for fear that it may leak internally to colleagues.

Ans: F

AACSB: Group and individual behaviors

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Table 5.2
Difficulty Level: Hard

 

10. During the diagnosis and feedback stage of consulting, the data is analyzed and interpreted.

Ans: T

AACSB: Analytical thinking

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Figure 5.2
Difficulty Level: Hard

 

 

 

Essay

 

1. Compare and contrast the OD consulting model with the three other approaches discussed in the chapter.

Ans: Responses will vary. Clear discussion regarding Table 5.1 would be appropriate.

AACSB: Analytical thinking

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: The Organization Development Consulting Model
Difficulty Level: Medium

 

2. Discuss the ethical implications of a OD consultant seeing perpetuation of a client’s ignorance as advantageous.

Ans: (1) It goes against the OD core value of contributing to growth, learning and development; (2) contributes to a power imbalance; (3) hypocritical for a consultant to advocate a new kind of relationship among members when the client-consultant relationship is not a role model; (4) OD process is not to be viewed as a set of secrets that are closely guarded and revealed to only paying clients.

AACSB: Ethical understanding and reasoning

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: The Organization Development Consulting Model
Difficulty Level: Hard

 

3. What are some ethical issues for internal and external consultants?

Ans: Answers may vary. Discussion regarding internal consultants facing increased pressure from peers or coworkers to violate a client’s confidentiality by disclosing the existence or purpose of an engagement, what participants said during an interview/focus group, or to disclose what problem the consultant was actually contacted to discuss. Consultants have the ethical responsibility to maintain confidentiality, specifically if a client does not want information to be shared widely.

AACSB: Ethical understanding and reasoning

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Ethical Issues for Internal and External Consultants
Difficulty Level: Medium

 

4. Discuss a variety of skills and competencies that OD consultants should possess to be considered fully competent in their profession.

Ans: Answers will vary. A wide variety of skills and competencies are included in Table 5.3.

AACSB: Group and individual behaviors

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Table 5.3
Difficulty Level: Medium

 

5. Outline the stages of the consulting process.

Ans: Answers should discuss the following steps: (1) Entry; (2) Contracting; (3) Data gathering; (4) Diagnosis and feedback; (5) Intervention; (6) Evaluation and exit.

AACSB: Systems and processes in organizations

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Figure 5.2
Difficulty Level: Medium