Psychology in Asia An Introduction 1st Edition by Catherine Tien - Test Bank
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Psychology in Asia An Introduction 1st Edition by Catherine Tien - Test Bank

Psychology in Asia An Introduction 1st Edition by Catherine Tien - Test Bank   Instant Download - Complete Test Bank With Answers     Sample Questions Are Posted Below   Chapter 5 - Consciousness: How We Perceive and Become Aware of Our World   MULTIPLE CHOICE   5.1 Overview Freud’s famous iceberg analogy suggests that …

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Psychology in Asia An Introduction 1st Edition by Catherine Tien – Test Bank

 

Instant Download – Complete Test Bank With Answers

 

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

Chapter 5 – Consciousness: How We Perceive and Become Aware of Our World

 

MULTIPLE CHOICE

 

5.1 Overview

  1. Freud’s famous iceberg analogy suggests that the human mind is
  2. fully conscious
  3. partially conscious
  4. preconscious
  5. fully unconscious

Answer: B

 

5.1 Overview

  1. Freud’s psychoanalytic tradition illustrates that _____________ contains the moral values which are both in conscious and subconscious.
  2. id
  3. ego
  4. superego
  5. self

Answer: C

 

5.1 Overview

  1. _____________ studies have shown that neuronal information processing about conscious, voluntary actions precedes the actual actions.
  2. Animal
  3. Lesion
  4. Functional imaging
  5. all of the above

Answer: C

 

5.1 Overview

  1. ___________ is generally a prerequisite of awareness.
  2. Attention
  3. Perception
  4. Intention
  5. Cognition

Answer: A

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

5.1 Overview

  1. The process of understanding information around us is known as
  2. attention
  3. perception
  4. intention
  5. retention

Answer: B

 

5.2 Conscious Experience

  1. Which of the following is NOT one of the outcomes of Signal Detection Theory?
  2. hit
  3. miss
  4. absent
  5. false alarm

Answer: C

 

5.2 Conscious Experience

  1. Broadbent (1958) proposed the ____________ to describe a selection filter before the information is processed to its meaning level.
  2. Early Filter Model
  3. Signal Detection Theory
  4. Attenuation Model
  5. Attentional-Resources Theory

Answer: A

 

5.2 Conscious Experience

  1. Which of the following cannot be explained by the Early Filter Model?
  2. dichotic listening experiments
  3. cocktail party effect
  4. divided attention
  5. all of the above

Answer: D

 

5.2 Conscious Experience

  1. The ________________ proposed that unattended information is weakened, thus only a small portion of it is processed.
  2. Early Filter Model
  3. Signal Detection Theory
  4. Attenuation Model
  5. Attentional-Resources Theory

Answer: C

 

 

 

5.2 Conscious Experience

  1. _________________ explains how divided attention can occur.
  2. Early Filter Model
  3. Signal Detection Theory
  4. Attenuation Model
  5. Attentional-Resources Theory

Answer: D

 

5.2 Conscious Experience

  1. A ____________ task takes less attentional resources than a ___________task.
  2. visual; auditory
  3. auditory; visual
  4. well-practiced; novel
  5. novel; well-practiced

Answer: C

 

5.2 Conscious Experience

  1. In Neisser and Becklen’s (1975) dual-task study, ___________ improved participants’ performance on dual tasks.
  2. attention
  3. instructions
  4. practice
  5. none of the above

Answer: C

 

5.2 Conscious Experience

  1. ________________ is an inattentional bias illustrating how we do not attend to information which is very apparent.
  2. Change blindness
  3. Divided attention
  4. Cocktail party phenomenon
  5. Shadowing

Answer: A

 

5.2 Conscious Experience

  1. The _________ test is composed of a set of color words drawn in different colors, with some written words unmatched with their physical colors.
  2. change blindness
  3. Stroop effect
  4. divided attention
  5. priming

Answer: B

 

 

5.2 Conscious Experience

  1. ____________ describes how previously seen information affects subsequent cognition.
  2. Change blindness
  3. Stroop effect
  4. Divided attention
  5. Priming effect

Answer: D

 

5.2 Conscious Experience

  1. People respond to primed target words more readily than unprimed words is referred to as
  2. positive priming
  3. negative priming
  4. conditional priming
  5. reactive priming

Answer: A

 

5.2 Conscious Experience

  1. Attempting to present information without the viewers’ awareness is called
  2. change blindness
  3. divided attention
  4. subliminal presentation
  5. shadowing

Answer: C

 

5.2 Conscious Experience

  1. _________ can be defined as “looking for meaningful patterns from noisy backgrounds”.
  2. Attention
  3. Perception
  4. Intention
  5. Sensation

Answer: B

 

5.2 Conscious Experience

  1. _________ refers to the information processing starting from the physical stimulation.
  2. Bottom-up processing
  3. Bottom-down processing
  4. Top-up processing
  5. Top-down processing

Answer: A

 

 

5.2 Conscious Experience

  1. In _________, the perceptual system integrates information according to its expectations and motivations.
  2. bottom-up processing
  3. bottom-down processing
  4. top-up processing
  5. top-down processing

Answer: D

 

5.2 Conscious Experience

  1. Ada is looking at the “Boring Figure” which can be perceived as a young girl or an old woman. Ada took away the mark on the neck and she found a young lady in picture. When she took away the eyebrow, an old lady was perceived readily. Ada is demonstrating how ____________________ drives perception.
  2. bottom-up processing
  3. bottom-down processing
  4. top-up processing
  5. top-down processing

Answer: A

 

5.2 Conscious Experience

  1. The human perceptual system requires ___________ to organize a vast amount of information quickly and efficiently.
  2. heuristics
  3. illusions
  4. touching
  5. shadowing

Answer: A

 

5.2 Conscious Experience

  1. The region that does not possess any rods or cones on the retina is called the
  2. yellow spot
  3. black spot
  4. invisible spot
  5. blind spot

Answer: D

 

5.2 Conscious Experience

  1. In the human visual system, no signal can be detected at the ______ if light falls on it.
  2. yellow spot
  3. black spot
  4. invisible spot
  5. blind spot

Answer: D

5.2 Conscious Experience

  1. To achieve the most accurate vision, we move our head and eyes, and allow the information to fall on the ___________ on our retinas.
  2. yellow spot
  3. black spot
  4. invisible spot
  5. blind spot

Answer: A

 

5.2 Conscious Experience

  1. ____________ is a process that involves reconstruction because of the two dimensional characteristics of the retinas.
  2. Depth perception
  3. Organized perception
  4. Blind spot vision
  5. Fix vision

Answer: A

 

5.2 Conscious Experience

  1. Monocular cues can be seen with one eye and are also called
  2. polar cues
  3. pictorial cues
  4. three dimensional cues
  5. two dimensional cues

Answer: B

 

5.2 Conscious Experience

  1. Which of the following is a binocular cue for depth vision?
  2. relative motion
  3. accommodation
  4. convergence
  5. linear perspective

Answer: C

 

5.2 Conscious Experience

  1. ___________ are prominent examples of perceptual theories in organizing sensory information, stating that “the whole is more than the sum of its parts”.
  2. Gestalt principles
  3. Holistic approaches
  4. Full-size visions
  5. Three-dimensions

Answer: A

 

 

5.2 Conscious Experience

  1. Which of the following Gestalt principles refers to the segregation of the target from its surrounding?
  2. proximity
  3. figure-ground
  4. symmetry
  5. closure

Answer: B

 

5.2 Conscious Experience

  1. People group information together according to physical characteristics such as positions, colors, and shapes. Which of the following Gestalt principles helps to explain this grouping process?
  2. proximity
  3. figure-ground

iii.        closure

  1. similarity
  2. i & ii
  3. ii & iii
  4. iii & iv
  5. i & iv

Answer: D

 

5.2 Conscious Experience

  1. Which of the following Gestalt principles helps with the detection of edges and lines?
  2. closure
  3. continuity

iii.        proximity

  1. similarity
  2. i & ii
  3. ii & iii
  4. iii & iv
  5. i & iv

Answer: A

 

5.2 Conscious Experience

  1. The human visual system integrates largely similar pictures together temporally, and a sense of fluent motion is perceived when they are presented continuously in a short duration. This is known as the
  2. pal-phenomenon
  3. phi-phenomenon
  4. ani-phenomenon
  5. moti-phenomenon

Answer: B

5.2 Conscious Experience

  1. According to Maurer and Barrear (1981), human infants cannot recognize faces until they are
  2. one month old
  3. two months old
  4. four months old
  5. six months old

Answer: B

 

5.2 Conscious Experience

  1. _________ drawings are a common stage for most kids around three years old. Kids will tend to draw humans with no neck, no trunk; only a big face with four limbs attached.
  2. Bean
  3. Spider
  4. Cookie
  5. Tadpole

Answer: D

 

5.3 States of Consciousness

  1. _____________________ have a cycle length of roughly a year, and they alert animals to prepare for seasonal changes.
  2. Circannual rhythms
  3. Circadian rhythms
  4. Circalunar rhythms
  5. Ultradian rhythms

Answer: A

 

5.3 States of Consciousness

  1. _____________________ last roughly a month, and they can be observed from female menstrual cycles in humans.
  2. Circannual rhythms
  3. Circadian rhythms
  4. Circalunar rhythms
  5. Ultradian rhythms

Answer: C

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

5.3 States of Consciousness

  1. ____________________ are an internal biological rhythm with a cycle length of one day.
  2. Circannual rhythms
  3. Circadian rhythms
  4. Circalunar rhythms
  5. Ultradian rhythms

Answer: B

 

5.3 States of Consciousness

  1. The circadian rhythm is a free-run cycle independent of most external stimulation monitored by the ______________ whose neuronal signals cycle through the day.
  2. dorsomedial nucleus
  3. paraventricular nucleus
  4. suprachiasmatic nucleus
  5. anterior hypothalamic nucleus

Answer: C

 

5.3 States of Consciousness

  1. The biological rhythm can be modulated with a set of time givers, which are called
  2. lags
  3. hygiene
  4. synchronizers
  5. zeitgebers

Answer: D

 

5.3 States of Consciousness

  1. _____________ is the most prominent zeitgeber for most organisms.
  2. Light
  3. Temperature
  4. Eating patterns
  5. Humidity

Answer: A

 

5.3 States of Consciousness

  1. Travelling across several time zones within a short period easily leads to
  2. altitude sickness
  3. sleep apnea
  4. jet lag
  5. nyctalopia

Answer: C

 

 

 

5.3 States of Consciousness

  1. Most people with jet lag can adjust to the new time zone by maintaining ___________ to speed up the process of adaptation.
  2. sleep all day
  3. daytime sleep
  4. nighttime activities
  5. sleep hygiene

Answer: D

 

5.3 States of Consciousness

  1. ______________ is a common ingredient in sleeping pills, which is a hormone naturally released by our pineal glands.
  2. Melatonin
  3. Testosterone
  4. Cortisol
  5. Estradiol

Answer: A

 

5.3 States of Consciousness

  1. As humans age, their sleeping hours ____________.
  2. increase
  3. decrease
  4. remain unchanged
  5. vary individually

Answer: B

 

5.3 States of Consciousness

  1. Usually, animals higher in the food chain ___________.
  2. spend more time sleeping
  3. spend less time sleeping
  4. do not affect the time of sleeping
  5. do not sleep

Answer: A

 

5.3 States of Consciousness

  1. Human newborns sleep as long as ______ hours a day.
  2. 8
  3. 10
  4. 12D. 16

Answer: D

 

 

 

 

5.3 States of Consciousness

  1. Which of the following symptoms can be observed in people who have stayed awake for days without sleep?
  2. increased heart rates and blood pressure
  3. decreased appetite

iii.        emotional disturbances and become irritable

  1. i & ii
  2. ii & iii
  3. i & iii
  4. i, ii & iii

Answer: C

 

5.3 States of Consciousness

  1. Which of the following essential functions occur during sleep?
  2. transportation of energy
  3. energy conservation

iii.        memory consolidation

  1. i & ii
  2. ii & iii
  3. i & iii
  4. i, ii & iii

Answer: D

 

5.3 States of Consciousness

  1. _____________ is often used to study sleep cycles.
  2. Functional magnetic resonance imaging
  3. Computed tomography
  4. Single-cell recordings
  5. Electroencephalogram

Answer: D

 

5.3 States of Consciousness

  1. In general, the electroencephalogram can provide up to ___________ readings from around the skull.
  2. 16
  3. 128
  4. 256
  5. 512

Answer: C

 

 

 

 

 

5.3 States of Consciousness

  1. Our brains are highly active when we are awake, and EEG readings are usually characterized by a series of
  2. alpha waves
  3. beta waves
  4. theta waves
  5. delta waves

Answer: B

 

5.3 States of Consciousness

  1. _______________ are EEG signals with a longer wavelength and higher amplitude waveform, and they are a signal of Stage 1 sleep.
  2. Alpha waves
  3. Beta waves
  4. Theta waves
  5. Delta waves

Answer: C

 

5.3 States of Consciousness

  1. Stage 3 and stage 4 sleep are largely similar in EEG waveform, with both possessing a lot of
  2. alpha waves
  3. beta waves
  4. theta waves
  5. delta waves

Answer: D

 

5.3 States of Consciousness

  1. Stages 1 to 4 sleep are termed
  2. REM sleep
  3. non-REM sleep
  4. pre-waking
  5. deep sleep

Answer: B

 

5.3 States of Consciousness

  1. Stages 3 to 4 sleep are referred to as
  2. REM sleep
  3. non-REM sleep
  4. paradoxical sleep
  5. deep sleep

Answer: D

 

 

5.3 States of Consciousness

  1. Brain activity during REM sleep is similar to when we are
  2. in slow-wave sleep
  3. in non-REM sleep
  4. awake
  5. in deep sleep

Answer: C

 

5.3 States of Consciousness

  1. If people are woken up during _____________, there is a high probability that they will report a dream experience.
  2. non-REM sleep
  3. REM sleep
  4. deep sleep
  5. Stage 2 sleep

Answer: B

 

5.3 States of Consciousness

  1. As people grow older, REM sleep
  2. remains constant
  3. no longer exists
  4. gradually increases
  5. gradually decreases

Answer: D

 

5.3 States of Consciousness

  1. During a dream, people generally experience dream scenes through
  2. seeing
  3. hearing

iii.        feeling

  1. i & ii
  2. ii & iii
  3. i & iii
  4. i, ii & iii

Answer: D

 

5.3 States of Consciousness

  1. Most dreams are reported when people are woken up during
  2. non-REM sleep
  3. REM sleep
  4. deep sleep
  5. Stage 2 sleep

Answer: B

 

5.3 States of Consciousness

  1. The psychoanalytic approach explains dreams
  2. as wish fulfillment
  3. as residuals of daily thoughts
  4. are the result of self-generated stimulation
  5. as blessed thoughts

Answer: A

 

5.3 States of Consciousness

  1. Activation synthesis hypothesis explains dreams
  2. as wish fulfillment
  3. as residuals of daily thoughts
  4. as the result of self-generated stimulation
  5. as blessed thoughts

Answer: C

 

5.3 States of Consciousness

  1. According to the cognitive approach, dreams are
  2. wish fulfillment
  3. blessed thoughts
  4. the result of self-generated stimulation content
  5. often correlated with daily life events

Answer: D

 

5.3 States of Consciousness

  1. According to Foulkes (1982), ________ dream of more aggressive and extroverted content than __________.
  2. males; females
  3. females; males
  4. children; early adolescents
  5. young adults; late adults

Answer: A

 

5.3 States of Consciousness

  1. Cartwright’s studies reported that the negative emotion in dreams is correlated with remission in ____________ patients.
  2. depression
  3. sleep apnea
  4. schizophrenia
  5. bulimia

Answer: A

 

 

 

5.3 States of Consciousness

  1. Dream reports studies are always
  2. laboratory tests
  3. observational studies
  4. natural experiments
  5. self-reports

Answer: D

 

5.3 States of Consciousness

  1. Difficulty falling asleep is referred to as
  2. onset insomnia
  3. terminal insomnia
  4. sleep apnea
  5. narcolepsy

Answer: A

 

 

5.3 States of Consciousness

  1. Difficulty staying asleep is referred to as
  2. onset insomnia
  3. terminal insomnia
  4. sleep apnea
  5. narcolepsy

Answer: B

 

5.3 States of Consciousness

  1. Which of the following is NOT appropriate sleep hygiene?
  2. going to bed at a regular hour
  3. reducing stimulations in the bedroom
  4. planning your days in bed
  5. exercising outside during daylight

Answer: C

 

5.3 States of Consciousness

  1. The result of blockage to the respiratory tract during sleep is referred to as
  2. onset insomnia
  3. terminal insomnia
  4. sleep apnea
  5. narcolepsy

Answer: C

 

 

 

 

5.3 States of Consciousness

  1. _____________ have a higher likelihood of sleep apnea because their muscles are more prone to relaxation during sleep.
  2. Children
  3. Adolescents
  4. Young adults
  5. Elderly

Answer: D

 

5.3 States of Consciousness

  1. An irresistible desire to sleep during the day is referred to as
  2. onset insomnia
  3. terminal insomnia
  4. sleep apnea
  5. narcolepsy

Answer: D

 

5.3 States of Consciousness

  1. Sleepwalking usually happens during
  2. REM sleep
  3. non-REM sleep

iii.        slow-wave sleep

  1. i only
  2. iii only
  3. i & ii
  4. ii & iii

Answer: D

 

5.3 States of Consciousness

  1. Sleepwalking is more common in
  2. children
  3. young adults
  4. middle-aged adults
  5. older adults

Answer: A

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