Research Methods The Essential Knowledge Base 2nd Edition By William Trochim - Test Bank Instant Download - Complete Test Bank With Answers Sample Questions Are Posted Below True / False 1. Ordinal scales have absolute zeroes. a. True b. False ANSWER: False DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: 5.1 Foundations of …
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Research Methods The Essential Knowledge Base 2nd Edition By William Trochim – Test Bank
Instant Download – Complete Test Bank With Answers
Sample Questions Are Posted Below
| True / False |
1. Ordinal scales have absolute zeroes.
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2. Nominal scales are the weakest form of measurement.
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3. Levels of measurement are important because they determine what type of analysis can be used.
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4. When you know that a measure is nominal, you know that the numerical values are simply placeholders for the text names.
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5. In True Score Theory, the observed score = true ability + random error.
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6. Random error can drastically affect the average performance for a group.
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7. Random error is also called noise.
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8. As long as your test is reliable, it need not be valid.
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9. When an individual participating in a study tries to guess what the experimenter’s hypothesis is, there is a social threat to construct validity.
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10. Cronbach’s Alpha is mathematically equivalent to the average of all possible split-half correlations.
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| Multiple Choice |
11. In what level of measurement are the attributes simply names?
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12. In what level of measurement can the attributes be ranked?
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13. In what level of measurement is the distance from one attribute to another meaningful?
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14. In what level of measurement is there a meaningful absolute zero?
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15. Leslie is studying test anxiety and administers a test to his research participants that asks them to rate their anxiety in various situations on a scale of 0 (no anxiety) to 10 (the worst anxiety imaginable). He then uses the scores to divide his participants into high, medium, and low anxiety groups. Leslie’s “high-medium-low” scale is best described as an example of a(n) ____ scale.
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16. Jamie has people in her study of taste perception self-identify as “foodies” (people with an intense interest in food who enjoy the adventure of trying new foods) or “non-foodies.” This is best described as an example of a(n) ____ scale.
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17. Donna’s study of time management includes having participants record the amount of time spent studying each day. This is best described as a(n) ____ scale.
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18. One of the measures Rosalyn is including in her study of the effects of environmental enrichment is the score on a standardized scale of intelligence. This is best described as a(n) ____ scale.
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19. The formula X = T + E best describes ____.
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20. With true score theory, ____ error is considered to contribute to test scores.
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21. A measure that consistently and accurately measures what is supposed to measure is ____.
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22. A measure that yields consistent scores but does not measure what it is supposed to measure is ____.
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23. A measure that measures what it is supposed to measure but does not yield consistent scores is ____.
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24. A measure that does not yield consistent scores and does not measure what it is supposed to measure is ____.
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25. Combining multiple independent measures to get at a more accurate estimate of a variable is referred to as ____.
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26. If you could see all random error in a distribution, it would ____.
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27. When systematic error affects the mean of a distribution, it is referred to as ____.
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28. The proportion of truth in a set of scores across your sample can be thought of as ____.
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29. The reliability ratio is expressed as ____.
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30. When there is no error in measurement, reliability is ____.
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Figure 5.13 |
31. The formula illustrated in the accompanying figure provides an estimate of ____.
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32. In the formula illustrated in the accompanying figure, sd stands for ____.
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33. The degree to which different observers give consistent estimates of the same phenomenon is referred to as ____ reliability.
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34. The consistency of an observation from one time to another is referred to as ____ reliability.
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35. The consistency of the results of two tests constructed in the same way from the same content domain is referred to as ____ reliability.
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36. The consistency of results across items within a test is referred to as ____ reliability.
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37. Cronbach’s Alpha is used to overcome limitations associated with reliability assessed using the ____ method.
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38. Cohen’s kappa is used to overcome limitations associated with reliability assessed using the ____ method.
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39. Hannah has developed a scale for assessing social interaction among children with moderate to severe developmental disabilities. Because it is in the early stages, she trains two research assistants in how to use the scale, has them both observe the same children, and compares the scores they give the children. Hannah is assessing ____ reliability.
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40. Hannah has developed a scale for assessing social interaction among children with moderate to severe developmental disabilities. Because it is in the early stages, she decides to rate the same children on two different occasions. Hannah is assessing ____ reliability.
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41. Hannah has developed a scale for assessing social interaction among children with moderate to severe developmental disabilities. Because it is in the early stages, she has many dozens of potential items and decides to create two versions of the test from among her many items and then have individual observers score the same children using the two different versions. Hannah is assessing ____ reliability.
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42. Hannah has developed a scale for assessing social interaction among children with moderate to severe developmental disabilities. She decides to look at the interrelationships among the items in the test. Hannah is assessing ____ reliability.
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43. Which type of validity is a type of translation validity?
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44. Checking a new test to be certain that it contains items that it would be expected to contain based on the relevant literature provides an assessment of ____ validity.
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45. If a test looks as though it measures what it claims to measure is an assessment of ____ validity.
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46. Checking on whether the new measure is different from measures from which it should, indeed, be different provides an assessment of ____ validity.
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47. In ____, research participants try to figure out what the experimenter is “really” trying to do.
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48. In ____, research participants do not respond the way they normally would because they are anxious about being tested.
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49. Wanda is assessing a new treatment for performance anxiety and includes a single assessment for performance anxiety. Her study is at risk for ____.
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50. Wanda is assessing a new treatment for performance anxiety that involves teaching individuals how to control their breathing. She presents her preliminary results at a student research symposium and is questioned as to whether her intervention affects the cognitive components of performance anxiety. She is being questioned about the possibility of ____.
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| Completion |
51. A(n) _______________ scale simply ranks attributes.
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52. When a(n) _______________ scale is used, it makes sense to say one score is twice as much as another or that twice as much of the characteristic being measured is present.
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53. When a television competition show has a “red” team and a “blue” team, they are using a(n) _______________ scale.
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54. Von has a new measure of stress from daily hassles. He finds that it yields consistent scores, but seems not to be measuring stress at all. His test is _______________ but not _______________.
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55. Lydia develops a measure of postpartum depression. It has tremendous variability and seems not to be measuring depression at all. Her measure is (neither/both) _______________ reliable or/and valid.
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56. Joe creates a measure of life satisfaction that yields consistent scores and seems to be measuring life satisfaction. His measure is (neither/both) _______________ reliable or/and valid.
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57. Ahran develops a measure of test anxiety and finds that, on average, it measures test anxiety for the group, but individual scores are highly variable from test to retest. His test is _______________ but not _______________.
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58. Systematic error in an estimate is referred to as _______________.
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59. The type of reliability that is used to assess the degree to which different observers give consistent estimates of the same phenomenon is _______________.
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60. The type of reliability that is used to assess the consistency of the results of two tests constructed in the same way from the same content domain is _______________.
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61. The type of reliability that is used to assess the consistency of an observation from one time to another is _______________.
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62. The type of reliability that is used to assess the consistency of results across items within a test is _______________.
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63. The extent to which a measure or instrument actually measures what it is theoretically supposed to measure is _______________.
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64. An evaluation of whether the operationalization or the implementation of the construct behaves the way it should is referred to as _______________.
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65. If an instrument looks as though it measures what it is supposed to measure, it has _______________.
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| Essay |
66. What are the four levels of measurement and what are the characteristics of each level?
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67. What is true score theory and why is it important?
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68. What is random error and why is it important?
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69. What is test-retest reliability and how is it measured?
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70. What is content validity and how is it specified?
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Original price was: $30.00.$20.00Current price is: $20.00.
Original price was: $30.00.$20.00Current price is: $20.00.
Original price was: $30.00.$20.00Current price is: $20.00.
Original price was: $30.00.$20.00Current price is: $20.00.
Original price was: $30.00.$20.00Current price is: $20.00.
Original price was: $30.00.$20.00Current price is: $20.00.
