Statistics for People Who Think They Hate Statistics 3rd Edition By Salkind - Test Bank

Statistics for People Who Think They Hate Statistics 3rd Edition By Salkind – Test Bank

 

Instant Download – Complete Test Bank With Answers

 

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

CHAPTER 5

Ice Cream and Crime: Computing Correlation Coefficients

 

Part I. Multiple-Choice Questions (20 items)

 

 

 

1. Who is responsible for the invention of the Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient?
2. Pearson Fisher
3. Karl Pearson
4. Karl Fisher
5. Fisher Pearson

Ans: b

 

 

 

2. When interested in examining how one variable changes in relation to another, which of the following descriptive statistics would you want to use?
3. Mean
4. Variance
5. Correlation
6. Standard deviation

Ans: c

 

 

 

3. Which of the following is a measure of central tendency?
4. Mean
5. Variance
6. Correlation
7. Standard deviation

Ans: a

 

 

 

4. Which of the following refers to a correlation between two variables?
5. Bicorrelate
6. Bivariate
7. Two-way variance
8. Two-way analysis

Ans: b

 

 

 

5. A correlation coefficient can range in value. Which of the following illustrates this range?
6. –.01 to .01
7. –1.0 to 1.0
8. –2.0 to 2.0
9. –3.0 to 3.0

Ans: b

 

 

 

6. If variables change in the same direction, what type of correlation is this called?
7. Positive correlation
8. Negative correlation
9. Positive causation
10. Negative causation

Ans: a

 

 

 

7. If variables change in the opposite direction, what type of correlation is this called?
8. Positive correlation
9. Negative correlation
10. Positive causation
11. Negative causation

Ans: b

 

 

 

8. The correlation between variable X and variable Y is represented by which of the following?
9. R(xy)²
10. r_xy
11. r_x(y)
12. R_x/y

Ans: b

 

 

 

9. Which of the following represent the Excel function to be used when computing correlation coefficients?
10. CORREL(A:10; B:10)
11. CORREL(A:1-10; B:1-10)
12. CORREL(A1:A10; B1:B10)
13. CORREL(A10:B10)

Ans: c

 

 

 

10. What would you use to represent a correlation visually?
11. Histogram
12. Polygon
13. Line graph
14. Scatterplot

Ans: d

 

 

 

11. When data points group together in a cluster from the lower left-hand side of the xy axis to the upper right-hand side, what is this?
12. Negative slope
13. Positive slope
14. Negative intercept
15. Positive intercept

Ans: b

 

 

 

12. Which of the following correlations would be interpreted as a very strong relationship?
13. .80
14. .70
15. .60
16. .50

Ans: a

 

 

 

13. Which of the following correlations would be interpreted as a strong relationship?
14. .39
15. .59
16. .79
17. .89

Ans: c

 

 

 

14. Which of the following correlations would be interpreted as a moderate relationship?
15. .25
16. .35
17. .45
18. .65

Ans: c

 

 

 

15. Which of the following correlations would be interpreted as a weak relationship?
16. .26
17. .46
18. .66
19. .86

Ans: a

 

 

 

16. If you wanted to compute the correlation between two interval-level variables, which type of correlation should you use?
17. Point biserial
18. Phi
19. Spearman rank
20. Pearson

Ans: d

 

 

 

17. If you wanted to compute the correlation between two nominal-level variables, which type of correlation should you use?
18. Point biserial
19. Phi
20. Spearman rank
21. Pearson

Ans: b

 

 

 

18. If you wanted to compute the correlation between two ordinal-level variables, which type of correlation should you use?
19. Point biserial
20. Phi
21. Spearman rank
22. Pearson

Ans: c

 

 

 

19. If the coefficient of determination between two variables is .81, what is the Pearson correlation coefficient?
20. .19
21. .34
22. .66
23. .90

Ans: d

 

 

 

20. If the coefficient of determination between two variables is .81, what is the coefficient of alienation?
21. .19
22. .34
23. .66
24. .90

Ans: a

 

 

 

Part II. Short-Answer Questions (10 items)

 

 

 

1. What does a correlation coefficient represent?

Ans: A correlation coefficient reflects the amount of variability that is shared between two variables, that is, what they have in common.

 

 

 

2. If you constrain, or restrict, the range of one variable, what effect does this have on the correlation of that variable with another variable?

Ans: It will reduce the correlation between the two variables.

 

 

 

3. Write the formula for the Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient.

Ans:

 

 

 

4. List the steps in computing the Pearson product-moment correlation as outlined in the text.

Ans: List the two values for each participant. Compute the sum of all the X values, and compute the sum of all the Y values. Square each of the X values, and square each of the Y values. Find the sum of the XY products.

 

 

 

5. How do you determine the coefficient of determination and the coefficient of alienation?

Ans: The coefficient of determination is found by squaring the correlation. The coefficient of alienation is found by squaring the correlation and then subtracting the percent of variance shared from 1.0.

 

 

 

6. If the coefficient of determination between two variables is .49, how strong is the relationship? Why?

Ans: The correlation would be .70 (70 percent), which is considered a strong relationship.

 

 

 

7. If the correlation between variables is .70, what percent of the variance is shared variance?

Ans: The shared variance is .49 (49 percent).

 

 

 

8. If the correlation between variables is .70, what percent of the variance is not shared variance?

Ans: The variance not shared is .51 (51 percent).

 

 

 

9. If the correlation between variables is .80, what is the coefficient of determination?

Ans: The coefficient of determination is .64 (64 percent).

 

 

 

10. If the correlation between variables is .60, what is the coefficient of alienation?

Ans: The coefficient of alienation is .64 (64 percent).