Systems Analysis and Design 6th Edition by Alan Dennis - Test Bank

Systems Analysis and Design 6th Edition by Alan Dennis – Test Bank

 

Instant Download – Complete Test Bank With Answers

 

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

Multiple Choice:

1. A process model is:
2. The output of the interviewing process
3. The work plan
4. The model that is produced by extreme prototyping
5. The expanded and thoroughly balanced use case for a system
6. A formal way of representing how a business system operates

Ans: e

Response:  see Introduction

Difficulty: easy

 

2. A process model can __________:
3. Only document the as-is system
4. Only document the to-be system
5. Document both the as-is and the to-be system
6. Only be used in BPR situations
7. Only be used with JAD sessions

 

Ans: c

Response:  see Introduction

Difficulty: easy.

 

3. Data flow diagramming is:
4. The only process modeling currently used
5. A detailed description of data
6. Almost the same as a flow chart
7. Focused on the processes or activities that are performed
8. A visual version of a use case

 

Ans:  d

Response:  see Introduction

Difficulty: easy

 

4. Logical process models are:
5. Models that describe processes without suggesting how they are conducted
6. Coded logic models
7. Models based upon implementing the if-then-else programming structure
8. Developed by the infrastructure analyst
9. Created in the system walkthough

Ans: a
response: see Introduction

Difficulty: easy

 

5. Processes in data flow diagramming are represented by:
6. Rounded boxes
7. Arrows
8. Rectangles that is open on the right end
9. Enclosed rectangles
10. Circles

Ans: a

Response:  see Elements of Data Flow Diagrams

Difficulty: easy

 

 

 

 

6. The relation between use cases and data flow diagrams is generally:
7. Use cases are developed by users and data flow diagrams are developed by systems analysts
8. Data flow diagrams are developed first and then use cases ensue
9. Use cases are developed first and then data flow diagrams ensue
10. Use cases show logical processes, while data flow diagrams show physical processes
11. There is not a relationship between use cases and data flow diagrams

 

Ans:  c

Response:  see Data Flow Diagrams

Difficulty:  easy

 

 

7. A data flow is:
8. An activity or a function that is performed for some specific business reason
9. A single piece of data
10. A collection of entities
11. A trigger to a use case
12. A person, organization or system outside of the system

Ans: b

Response:  See Elements of Data Flow Diagrams

Difficulty: easy

 

 

8. An external entity is:
9. An activity or a function that is performed for some specific business reason
10. A single piece of data
11. A collection of data
12. A trigger to a use case
13. A person, organization or system outside of the system

Ans: e

Response:  See Elements of Data Flow Diagrams

Difficulty: easy

 

9. Brianna has a process has two inputs but only one output.
10. This is an error as there needs to be the same amount of inputs as outputs
11. This is an error as process do not have inputs or outputs
12. This is normal as all processes have two inputs and one output
13. This is normal as all processes need at least one input and at least one output
14. This is an error as processes only produce output

Ans: d

Response:  see

Difficulty: hard

 

10. The relationship between use cases and data flow diagrams is:
11. Use cases tend to be developed with users to make sure the analyst has fully captured the processes and relationships; DFD’s are built upon the use cases to more fully formally understand the processes involved
12. Both are tools in a systems analysts toolbox, although they do unrelated things
13. Use cases are developed by users exclusively; while DFD’s are developed by analysts exclusively
14. Use cases come out of JAD sessions and clarify what was discussed by users in those sessions; DFD’s come out of analysts interviews.
15. They are the same thing – use cases are process models using the DeMarco and Yourdon notation; and DFD’s are process models using the Gane and Sarson notation.

Ans: a

Response:  see Introduction

Difficulty:  medium

 

 

11. Andrea is creating a diagram model for processes (without regard to whether it is computerized or a manual process). She is probably creating _______________.
12. A physical process model
13. A PMT (process management tool) model
14. A logical process model
15. A user process model
16. A UML system case model

Ans: c

Response:  see Introduction

Difficulty:  medium

 

12. Ruth is an analyst. On her DFD diagram she has just placed a process.  She will
13. Give it a verb phrase name, like ‘search inventory’
14. Give it a noun description phrase, like ‘Inventory-process-1’
15. Give it only a number – and depending on whether it is a major process (a whole number) or a subsidiary process (a whole number with a decimal point and value – like 1.3)
16. Give it a sentence name, like ‘Customer arrives at checkout counter’
17. Use whatever process she feels comfortable with – as long as she is consistent

Ans: a

Response:  see Elements of Data Flow Diagrams

Difficulty:  hard

 

13. Which Data Flow Diagram shows the entire system with its environment with only one process?
14. Context Diagram
15. Level 0 diagrams
16. Level 1 diagrams
17. Level 2 diagrams
18. All DFDs show this

Ans: a

Response:  see Context Diagram

Difficulty: easy

 

 

14. Which Data Flow Diagram does not have data stores?
15. Context diagram
16. Level 0 diagram
17. Level 1 diagrams
18. Level 2 diagrams
19. Process Diagram

Ans: a

Response:  see context diagram

Difficulty: easy

 

 

15. On your level 0 diagram you have a process #2 and when you create a level 1 diagram for process #2, you might have processes like:
16. 1, 2.2, 2.3
17. 2-1, 2-2, 2-3
18. 2A, 2B, 2C
19. 2-A, 2-B, 2-C
20. 2-initial, 2-main, 2-end

Ans: a

Response:  see Level 1 diagrams

Difficulty: medium

 

 

16. A payroll data flow diagram has a data-store called Accumulated Salary Data. At one stage in the DFD, a process “Calculate YTD-Taxes” gets data from that data store, updates it in the process, and writes it back out.  The diagram should show:
17. A single line with arrows on both ends labeled YTD Payroll Details
18. A dashed line with arrows on both ends labeled YTD Payroll Details
19. A line out of the data store labeled: Current YTD Payroll Details; and a line into the data store labeled: Updated YTD Payroll Details
20. Two separate data flow lines but each with the same name YTD Payroll Details
21. Two dashed lines but each with the same name of YTD Payroll Details

Ans: c

Response:  see Data Stores

Difficulty: hard

 

17. James is developing a DFD. What would be a good name for him to use on a data flow from the Calculate Federal Withholding process to a data store called YTD Payroll Data?
18. Move withholding to YTD storage
19. Transfer fed taxes to YTD storage
20. Calculation Result
21. Federal Withholding Taxes
22. Add amounts to YTD total

Ans: d

Response:  see Data Flow

Difficulty: hard

 

18. Mark has a data store called ‘Items’ and it includes all the items sold in a convenience store – sorted by UPC code with the retail price of the item. He has only one data flow called ‘Item Details’ that flows from the data store to the Process Checkout process.  What will be true in this case?
19. This is incorrect as every data store must have both inputs and outputs
20. This is incorrect as every process must have both inputs and outputs
21. This is incorrect as the data flow should have a verb phrase like ‘Get Item Details’
22. This is incorrect as there is no way to update the ‘Items’ data store
23. This is correct

Ans: e

Response:  see Data Flow

Difficulty: hard

 

 

19. Vanessa has a data flow diagram with an item called ‘Register for Class’. That item would be:
20. A process
21. A data flow
22. A data store
23. An external entity
24. A process relationship

Ans: a

Response:  see Process

Difficulty: medium

 

 

20. Andrei has a diagram that shows only one process and external entities. He is developing a:
21. Context diagram
22. Use case diagram
23. Level 0 diagram
24. Level 1 diagram
25. Level 2 diagram

Ans: a

Response:  see Context diagram

Difficulty: medium

 

 

21. What diagram will have processes with one decimal place (like 3.1, 3.2, and 3.3) and might have flows coming in (or going out) that are not illustrated?
22. Context diagram
23. Level 0 diagram
24. Level 1 diagram
25. UML state diagram
26. Level 0 diagram

Ans: c

Response:  see Level 1 diagram

Difficulty: medium

 

22. What diagram will have sub-processes with numbers like 3.3.1, 3.3.2, 3.3.3 (etc.) and also have flows coming in (or going out) that are not illustrated?
23. Context diagram
24. Level 0 diagram
25. Gantt diagram
26. Level 1 diagram
27. Level 2 diagram

Ans: e

Response:  see Level 2 diagram

Difficulty: easy

 

 

23. The context diagram shows:
24. Detailed processing logic
25. All major processes
26. All the data stores in the system
27. The “big picture” of the system with external entities and only one process
28. The system in context with all other systems in that department (for example, accounts payable, accounts receivable, etc.)

Ans: d

Response:  see Context diagram

Difficulty: medium

 

24. A process is:
25. An activity of a function that is performed for some specific business reason
26. A single piece of data within a system
27. A collection of data within a system
28. A person, organization or system that is external to the system
29. A combination of function and the data it acts upon

Ans: a

Response:  see Process

Difficulty: easy

 

25. A data flow is:
26. An activity of a function that is performed for some specific business reason
27. A single piece of data within a system
28. A collection of data within a system
29. A person, organization or system that is external to the system
30. A combination of function and the data it acts upon

Ans: b

Response:  see Data Flow

Difficulty: easy

 

 

26. Carlos has a Level 0 DFD diagram where one of the external entities is the “Internal Revenue Service” – and he has a data store called “Tax Rate Table”. He has drawn a data flow arrow from the Internal Revenue Service to the data store as the data has been loaded into the Tax Rate Table prior to the processing.  What would be true?
27. This is correct
28. This is incorrect, ‘data at rest stays at rest until moved by a process’ so he needs a process (like ‘load Tax Rate Table’) first in this system
29. This is incorrect – he doesn’t need a data flow as the data was loaded into the Tax Rate Table someplace else (within the payroll system someplace, but not in this process)
30. This is almost correct. The correct diagram would be a dashed line indicating that the loading of the data was implied prior to the start of this process
31. This is incorrect. What should happen is an ‘external process’ should be called at the start of the process – like “Call IRS for data load”

Ans: c

Response:   see Validating the Data Flow Diagrams

Difficulty:  medium

 

 

27. Amy has created a context diagram. What one DFD component is probably not shown?
28. Process
29. Data flow
30. UML Stage
31. Data store
32. External Entity

Ans: d

Response:  see Context diagram

Difficulty: easy

 

 

28. Which of the following is NOT correct?
29. Every set of DFD’s must have one context diagram
30. Every process is wholly and completely described by the processes on its children DFD’s
31. Every process must be broken down farther on Level 1 and Level 2 diagrams
32. Every data store has at least one input data flow someplace in the entire DFD system
33. Every process has a unique name that is an action oriented verb phrase

Ans: c

Response:  see Data Flow

Difficulty:  medium

 

29. Decomposing a DFD means:
30. Balancing the processes so that each process has three and only three sub-processes
31. Breaking complex processes into a structured set of detailed diagrams
32. Doing a walk through on the entire DFD structure with all the analysts on the project team
33. Taking lower levels of process refinement and aggregating them into a major system
34. Making sure that all data stores are shown on each child DFD diagram

Ans: b

Response:  see Creating a Data Flow Diagram

Difficulty: medium

 

30. Chunxia is balancing her DFD. This means she is:
31. Making sure that all information presented at one level is accurately represented in the next level
32. Making sure that each data store has at least one input data flow and at least one output data flow
33. Making sure that each process has at least one input data flow and at least one output data flow
34. Making sure that all processes start with action verb phrases
35. Making sure that all data flows have noun names

Ans: a

Response:  see Balancing

Difficulty: medium

 

31. Data flow diagrams are:
32. Usually created by users and reviewed by analysts
33. Usually jointly created by analysts and users
34. Usually created by the project team and reviewed by users for correctness
35. Usually created by the project champion and reviewed by the project team
36. Usually created by business analyst and reviewed by the infrastructure analyst

Ans: c

Response:  see Validating the Data Flow Diagram

Difficulty:  medium

 

32. Which would be the normal order of tasks?
33. Requirements gathering, creating DFDs, creating use cases
34. Creating use cases; creating DFD, holding JAD sessions
35. Interviewing and/or JAD sessions; creating use cases; creating data flow diagrams
36. Doing BPR, analyzing documents, creating DFDs, creating use cases
37. Doing activity elimination, doing use cases, doing DFDs

Ans: c

Response:  see Introduction

Difficulty:  medium

 

33. Tom is trying to change his Use Case into a Data Flow Diagram. He has found that a use case step generally is the same as a ________ on the Level 1 Data flow diagram.
34. Process
35. External Entity
36. Data flow
37. Internal Entity
38. Data store

Ans: a

Response:  see Creating the Data Flow Diagram

Difficulty: medium

 

 

34. Which of the following would be a ‘black hole’ error on a DFD?
35. A process has no input
36. A process has no output
37. A process has four inputs and only three outputs
38. Data moves directly from a data store from an external entity
39. Two processes send data flows to the same data store

Ans:  b

Response:  see Validating the Data Flow Diagram

Difficulty:  medium

 

35. Ramesh has drawn a set of DFD’s that are not properly balanced. This is probably a:
36. Syntax error
37. Semantic error
38. Modeling error
39. First law of conservation of data error
40. Second law of conservation of data error

Ans: a

Response:  see Balancing the Data Flow Diagram

Difficulty:  medium

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

TRUE / FALSE

 

36. The normal order of processes would be: requirements gathering, use case development, process modeling (data flow diagrams).

Ans: True

Response:  see Introduction

Difficulty: easy

 

37. A process model is an informal way of showing the external entities, event triggers, inputs and outputs.

Ans: False

Response:  see Introduction

Difficulty: medium

 

 

38. Process models are only used to document the current system (that is, the “as-is” system), since that is the system the users know and is the system that will be modified.

Ans: False

Response:  see Introduction

Difficulty:  medium

 

39. Process models can be used with either ‘as-is’ systems or ‘to-be’ systems.

Ans: True

Response:  see Introduction

Difficulty:  medium

 

40. Data Flow diagramming is a tool for doing process modeling.

Ans: True

Response:  see Introduction

Difficulty:  easy

 

41. Data flow diagrams (as the name implies) focus on the physical data in a system.

Ans: False

Response:  see Introduction

Difficulty:  medium

 

 

42. According to the authors “Process modeling – and the creating of PMPs in particular – is one of the most important skills needed by systems analysts”.

Ans: False

Response:  see Introduction

Difficulty:  medium

 

 

 

43. Processes in DFDs are shown as circles in the Gane and Sarson notation.

Ans: False

Response:  see Data Flow Diagrams

Difficulty:  easy

 

 

44. Data that is moving from a process to another process is called a ‘data stream’.

Ans: False

Response:  see Data Flow Diagrams

Difficulty:  easy

 

 

 

45. A repository for data in DFDs is called a ‘data store’

Ans: True

Response:  see Data Flow Diagrams

Difficulty:  medium

 

 

46. Data (like Year-to-date totals) that come from a data store and are used in a process (like ‘Calculate YTD Totals’) and then the updated amounts are written back to the data store – can be drawn on a DFD model as a two-headed arrow.

Ans:  False

Response:  see Elements of Data Flow Diagrams

Difficulty:  medium

 

47. A well-constructed use case makes developing a data flow diagram fairly straightforward.

Ans: True

Response:  see Data Flow Diagrams

Difficulty:  easy

 

 

48. The data stores on the DFD correspond to Major Steps Performed on a use case.

Ans: False

Response:  see Data Flow Diagrams

Difficulty:  medium

 

49. Every process on a DFD must have at least one input data flow.

Ans: True

Response:  see Elements of Data Flow Diagrams

Difficulty:  easy

 

 

 

50. Every process has a unique identification number, a name and a description.

Ans: True

Response:  see Elements of Data Flow Diagrams

Difficulty:  easy

 

51. Processes should be named with a verb and ending with a noun (like Calculate Sales Tax).

Ans: True

Response:  see Elements of Data Flow Diagrams

Difficulty:  easy

 

 

52. Data flows are named with verb phrases (like ‘Move Payroll Information to Payroll Database’).

Ans:  False

Response:  see Elements of Data Flow Diagrams

Difficulty:  easy

 

 

 

53. Data stores are named with nouns and have an identification number and description.

 

Ans:  True

Response:  see Elements of Data Flow Diagrams

Difficulty:  easy

 

 

54. External entities are a person, organization, or system that is external to the system, but interacts with it.

 

Ans:  True

Response:  see Elements of Data Flow Diagrams

Difficulty:  easy

 

 

55. Many business processes are too complex to be explained in one DFD.

 

Ans:  True

Response:  see Using Data Flow Diagrams to Define Business Processes

Difficulty:  medium

 

56. One important principal in process modeling with DFD’s is the decomposition on the business processes into a series of DFD’s.

 

Ans:  True

Response:  see Using Data Flow Diagrams to Define Business Processes

Difficulty: medium

 

 

57. Context diagrams show the entire system in context with the environment (like external entities).

 

Ans:  True

Response:  see Context diagrams

Difficulty:  easy

 

 

58. The level 0 diagram shows all the major processes (at the first level of numbering – like 1 through 4), the data stores, data flows, but does not show external entities.

 

Ans:  False

Response:  see Level 0 Diagram

Difficulty:  medium

 

59. The purpose of the Level 0 DFD is to show all the major high-level processes of the system and how they are interrelated.

 

Ans:  True

Response:  see Level 0 Diagrams

Difficulty:  easy

 

 

60. In general, all process models will have as many level 1 diagrams as there are processes on the level 0 diagram.

 

Ans:  True

Response:  see Level 1 Diagrams

Difficulty:  easy

 

 

61. Children processes collectively make up the parent process (but give more detail).

 

Ans:  True

Response:  see Level 1 Diagrams

Difficulty:  medium

 

62. It is possible to decompose level 1 processes even farther, so for example, process 2.1 on a Level 1 DFD might become 2.1A, 2.1B, 2.1C, etc.

 

Ans:  False

Response:  see Level 2 Diagrams

Difficulty:  easy

 

 

63. The second law of conservation of data states: “Processes cannot consume or create data”.

 

Ans:  True

Response:  see Validating the Data Flow Diagram

Difficulty:  easy

 

64. A ‘black hole’ error on a DFD is when a process creates output without an input.

 

Ans:  False

Response:  see Validating the Data Flow Diagram

Difficulty:  medium

 

 

65. Data cannot go from one process to another process without going to a data store first

 

Ans: False

Response:  see Building Data Flow Diagrams

Difficulty:  easy

 

66. Project teams usually use process modeling tools or CASE tools to draw process models.

 

Ans: True

Response:  see Creating Data Flow Diagrams

Difficulty:  easy

 

67. Structured English uses complete sentences to describe the work that a process performs in a system.

 

Ans: False

Response:  see Process Descriptions

Difficulty:  easy

 

68. Data cannot go from one process to another process without going to a data store first

 

Ans: False

Response:  see Building Data Flow Diagrams

Difficulty:  easy

 

69. While there is no one right way to begin, the authors have found it useful to first build the context diagram showing all the external entities to the system.

 

Ans: True

Response:  see Creating Data Flow Diagrams

Difficulty:  easy

 

70. Iterations are not used in good DFD design.

 

Ans: False

Response:  see Creating the Level 0 Data Flow Diagram

Difficulty:  easy

 

 

Essays:

 

71. What is the relationship between context diagrams and level 0 diagrams.

Ans:  Context diagrams show only one process and level 0 diagrams show all processes in the system.  Level 0 diagrams also show the data stores.  Level 0 diagrams detail the processes that make up the “system” that is represented on the Context Diagram.

Difficulty:  easy

 

72. What is the relationship between level 0 and level 1 DFD diagrams?

Ans:  Level 0 DFD’s show all the processes (and external entities), while Level 1 DFD’s show sub-processes and may not show external entities (for small systems).  For example, Process 4 from the Level 0 DFD might be broken into sub-processes 4.1; 4.2; 4.3; 4.4 (etc.)

 

 

73. What are the four symbols used in data flow diagrams?

Ans:  process – a rounded circle – starts with a verb and ends with a noun.  Describes some process that must occur

Data flow – arrows with a head showing direction – indicating the movement of data

Data stores – a rectangle that is open on the right side – indicating stored data such as a data repository (database)

External entity – a rectangle – indicates a person, organization, or other system that is outside of the modeled system, but interacts with the modeled system

Difficulty:  medium

 

74. Create a context diagram for the following: Insurance-R-Us is an online car insurance company.  Potential customers must go to: http://insurance-r-us.com and enter information into a form.  From the information given, an insurance rate quote is generated and returned to the potential customer.

 

Ans: above

Difficulty:  hard

Response: see Using Data Flow Diagrams to Define Business Processes

 

 

75. Create a level 0 diagram for the following: Insurance-R-Us is an online car insurance company.  The main processes are:  Get Customer Information; Calculate Risk; Calculate Rate Quote.

 

 

Ans:  Using Data Flow Diagrams to Define Business Processes

Difficulty: hard