Chapter 03: Ethical, Social, and Legal Issues

Chapter 03: Ethical, Social, and Legal Issues

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

MULTIPLE CHOICE

 

1. The nurse is teaching a homeless pregnant teenager about prenatal care. Which should the nurse emphasize in the teaching session?

a.	The importance of naming the baby
b.	Risk factors associated with pregnancy
c.	Information about employment opportunities
d.	Eating habits that will provide adequate nutrition

 

 

ANS:  D

Homeless teens are more likely to have poor eating habits, smoke, and have greater risks for preterm labor, anemia, and hypertension during pregnancy and to deliver a low-birth-weight (LBW) infant. Teaching about proper eating habits is the priority at this time. Naming the baby, risk factors associated with pregnancy, and information about employment are not the highest priorities to teach at this time.

 

PTS:   1                    DIF:    Cognitive Level: Application           REF:   35

OBJ:   Nursing Process Step: Implementation

MSC:  Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance

 

2. The United States ranks 27th in terms of worldwide infant mortality rates. Which factor has the greatest impact on decreasing the mortality rate of infants?

a.	Providing more women’s shelters
b.	Ensuring early and adequate prenatal care
c.	Resolving all language and cultural differences
d.	Enrolling pregnant women in the Medicaid program by their eighth month of pregnancy

 

 

ANS:  B

Because preterm infants form the largest category of those needing expensive intensive care, early pregnancy intervention is essential for decreasing infant mortality. The women in shelters have the same difficulties in obtaining health care as other poor people, particularly lack of transportation and inconvenient clinic hours. Language and cultural differences are not infant mortality issues but must be addressed to improve overall health care. Medicaid provides health care for poor pregnant women, but the process may take weeks to take effect. The eighth month is too late to apply and receive benefits for this pregnancy.

 

PTS:   1                    DIF:    Cognitive Level: Understanding       REF:   35

OBJ:   Nursing Process Step: Assessment   MSC:  Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance

 

3. Which statement is true regarding the quality assurance or incident report?

a.	Reports are a permanent part of the patient’s chart.
b.	The report assures the legal department that there is no problem.
c.	The nurse’s notes should contain this statement: “Incident report filed and copy placed in chart.”
d.	This report is a form of documentation of an event that may result in legal action.

 

 

ANS:  D

Documentation on the chart should include all factual information regarding the client’s condition that would be recorded in any situation. The nurse completes an incident report when something occurs that might result in a legal action against the clinic or hospital. Incident reports are not part of the patient’s chart. The report is a warning to the legal department to be prepared for a potential legal action. Incident reports are not mentioned in the nurse’s notes.

 

PTS:   1                    DIF:    Cognitive Level: Analysis                REF:   39

OBJ:   Nursing Process Step: Implementation

MSC:  Client Needs: Safe and Effective Care Environment

 

4. The nurse is planning a teaching session for staff on ethical theories. Which situation best reflects the deontologic theory?

a.	Approving a physician-assisted suicide
b.	Supporting the transplantation of fetal tissue and organs
c.	Using experimental medications for the treatment of AIDS
d.	Initiating resuscitative measures on a 90-year-old patient with terminal cancer

 

 

ANS:  D

In the deontologic theory, life must be maintained at all costs, regardless of quality of life. Approving a physician-assisted suicide, supporting the transplantation of fetal tissue and organs, and using experimental medications for the treatment of AIDS are examples of a utilitarian model.

 

PTS:   1                    DIF:    Cognitive Level: Application           REF:   29

OBJ:   Nursing Process Step: Planning        MSC:  Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity

 

5. Which step of the nursing process is being used when the nurse decides whether an ethical dilemma exists?

a.	Analysis
b.	Planning
c.	Evaluation
d.	Assessment

 

 

ANS:  A

When a nurse uses the collected data to determine whether an ethical dilemma exists, the data are being analyzed. Planning is done after the data have been analyzed. Evaluation occurs once the outcome has been achieved. Assessment is the data collection phase.

 

PTS:   1                    DIF:    Cognitive Level: Understanding       REF:   30

OBJ:   Nursing Process Step: Evaluation

MSC:  Client Needs: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Coordinated Care