Priorities in Critical Care Nursing, 6th Edition by Linda D.
Priorities in Critical Care Nursing, 6th Edition by Linda D.
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Chapter 14: Pulmonary Clinical Assessment and Diagnostic Procedures
Complete Chapter Questions With Answers
Sample Questions Are Posted Below
MULTIPLE CHOICE
| a. | complete the assessment, noting that resonance, a normal breath sound, was heard. |
| b. | have the patient cough and repeat the auscultation to determine whether there is an obstruction in the airway. |
| c. | have the patient use the incentive spirometer hourly times three and reassess the breath sounds. |
| d. | have the patient cough deeply and repeat the auscultation. |
ANS: A
Resonance is a loud, low-pitched sound of long duration and hollow quality.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 272
OBJ: Nursing Process: Assessment TOP: Pulmonary Clinical Assessment
MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance
| a. | stridor. |
| b. | rales. |
| c. | rhonchi. |
| d. | normal breath sounds. |
ANS: D
High-pitched breath sounds over the trachea are normal breath sounds.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Analysis REF: Table 14-2
OBJ: Nursing Process: Assessment TOP: Pulmonary Clinical Assessment
MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance
| a. | FIO2 and PaO2. |
| b. | serum sodium and potassium levels. |
| c. | partial pressure of arterial carbon dioxide (PaCO2) and plasma bicarbonate level (HCO3–). |
| d. | arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) and oxygen saturation by pulse oximetry (SpO2). |
ANS: C
The pH is calculated using PaCO2 and HCO3–.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: 275
OBJ: Nursing Process: Assessment TOP: Pulmonary Laboratory Studies
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Reduction of Risk Potential
| a. | tidal volume. |
| b. | positive end-expiratory breathing. |
| c. | air trapping or obstructed breathing. |
| d. | pulmonary edema. |
ANS: C
Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease often experience obstructive breathing, or air trapping. As the patient breathes, air becomes trapped in the lungs and ventilations become progressively more shallow until the patient actively and forcefully exhales.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Evaluation REF: 271
OBJ: Nursing Process: Assessment TOP: Pulmonary Clinical Assessment
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
| a. | pneumonia. |
| b. | atelectasis. |
| c. | pulmonary edema. |
| d. | adult respiratory distress syndrome. |
ANS: B
In atelectasis, the trachea shifts to the same side as the problem, and in pneumothorax the trachea shifts to the side opposite the problem.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Analysis REF: 271
OBJ: Nursing Process: Assessment TOP: Pulmonary Clinical Assessment
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
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