Chapter 22: Fluids and Electrolytes

Chapter 22: Fluids and Electrolytes

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. What percentage of an adult’s body weight consists of water?

ANS:   C

The percentage of water declines to 50% to 60% in adults.

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Knowledge             REF:    Page 660         OBJ:    1

TOP:    Fluids              KEY:   Nursing Process Step: Implementation

MSC:   NCLEX: Physiological Integrity

2. When administering intravenous (IV) fluids, the nurse ensures that the IV fluids are infusing as ordered to prevent dehydration in an adult. Dehydration can become lethal if the patient loses:

ANS:   D

A loss of 20% of body fluid in an adult is fatal.

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Knowledge             REF:    Page 661         OBJ:    1

TOP:    Fluids              KEY:   Nursing Process Step: Implementation

MSC:   NCLEX: Physiological Integrity

3. The nurse uses a diagram to show that fluids in the interstitial and intravascular compartments are combined to form the:

ANS:   D

The fluids in the interstitial and intravascular compartments are combined to form the extracellular compartment.

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Comprehension      REF:    Page 661         OBJ:    1

TOP:    Fluid compartments                           KEY:   Nursing Process Step: Implementation

MSC:   NCLEX: Physiological Integrity

4. The nurse encourages a patient who has been vomiting to drink fluids because the body fluid lost daily must match the amount of fluid taken in to maintain homeostasis. The recommended daily amount of water for an adult is about:

ANS:   D

Daily water intake and output is about 2500 mL in the adult.

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Knowledge             REF:    Page 662         OBJ:    1

TOP:    Fluids              KEY:   Nursing Process Step: Assessment

MSC:   NCLEX: Physiological Integrity

5. The nurse must keep an accurate intake and output record to assess kidney efficiency. In order for the kidneys to remove waste, they must produce an hourly urine output of at least:

ANS:   C

The kidneys must excrete a minimum of 30 mL/hour to eliminate waste products.

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Application             REF:    Page 662         OBJ:    7

TOP:    Fluids              KEY:   Nursing Process Step: Assessment

MSC:   NCLEX: Physiological Integrity