Chapter 26: Exercise and Activity

Chapter 26: Exercise and Activity

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. Kelly is a nursing student who is working on an orthopedic unit. She has to assist a lot of patients who have limited mobility. She knows that she should maintain a position that most favors function, requires the least muscular work to maintain, and places the least strain on muscles, ligaments and bones. What is the term that best describes this?

ANS:   B

The term posture means maintaining optimal body position. It means a position that most favors function, requires the least muscular work to maintain, and places the least strain on muscles, ligaments, and bones.

PTS:    1                      DIF:    Cognitive Level: Knowledge             REF:    678

OBJ:    Describe the role of the skeleton, skeletal muscles, and nervous system in the regulation of movement                                    TOP:    Nursing Process: Assessment

MSC:   Client Needs: Safe and Effective Care Environment

2. Marge is a nursing student who is completing her clinical rotation on a geriatric unit. She cares for patients with fragile skin on this unit and looks for ways to reduce the friction caused when repositioning a patient in bed. Which of the following causes the most friction when repositioning a patient?

ANS:   C

You reduce friction by lifting rather than pushing a patient. Lifting has an upward component and decreases the pressure between the patient and the bed or the chair. The use of a drawsheet reduces friction because you are able to move the patient more easily along the bed’s surface. However, there are several commercially available products to assist in the task of positioning and moving patients in bed such as transfer boards and Maxi Slides.

PTS:    1                      DIF:    Cognitive Level: Application             REF:    678-679

OBJ:    Describe the interventions for maintaining proper alignment, assisting a patient in moving up in bed, repositioning a patient needing assistance, and transferring a patient from a bed to a chair TOP:    Nursing Process: Implementation

MSC:   Client Needs: Safe and Effective Care Environment

3. Brenda is a nurse who works on the orthopedic unit. She knows that in addition to providing support, bones perform other functions in the body. Besides support, which of the following is the most important bone function during activity and exercise?

ANS:   D

Bones perform five functions in the body: support, protection, movement, mineral storage, and hematopoiesis (blood cell formation). Two of these functions—support and movement—are most important during activity and exercise. In support, bones serve as the framework and contribute to the shape, alignment, and positioning of the body parts. In movement, bones with their joints constitute levers for muscle attachment. When muscles contract and shorten, they pull on bones, producing joint movement.

PTS:    1                      DIF:    Cognitive Level: Application             REF:    679

OBJ:    Describe the role of the skeleton, skeletal muscles, and nervous system in the regulation of movement                                    TOP:    Nursing Process: Implementation

MSC:   Client Needs: Safe and Effective Care Environment

4. Michael has been diagnosed with a progressive neuromuscular disease. He is curious about what to expect and has numerous questions for both his health care provider and his nurse. He is having difficulty walking and has less awareness of the position of his body. Michael asks the nurse if there is a word to describe this phenomenon. What is the term to best describe this?

ANS:   B

The nervous system also regulates posture. Posture requires coordination of proprioception and balance. Proprioception is the awareness of the position of the body and its parts and is dependent on impulses from the inner ear and from receptors in joints and ligaments.

PTS:    1                      DIF:    Cognitive Level: Knowledge             REF:    680

OBJ:    Describe the role of the skeleton, skeletal muscles, and nervous system in the regulation of movement                                    TOP:    Nursing Process: Assessment

MSC:   Client Needs: Physiological Integrity