Porth's Pathophysiology, Concepts of Altered Health States 9th Edition by Sheila Grossman-Carol Mattson Porth
Porth's Pathophysiology, Concepts of Altered Health States 9th Edition by Sheila Grossman-Carol Mattson Porth
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Chapter 28- Disorders of White Blood Cells and Lymphoid Tissues
Complete Chapter Questions With Answers
Sample Questions Are Posted Below
| 1. | Which of the following glycoproteins is responsible for treating such diseases as bone marrow failure following chemotherapy and hematopoietic neoplasms such as leukemia? | |
| A) | Growth factors and cytokines | |
| B) | Neutrophils and eosinophils | |
| C) | T lymphocytes and natural killer cells | |
| D) | Natural killer cells and granulocytes | |
| Ans: | A | |
| Feedback: | ||
| The identification and characterization of the various growth factors and cytokines have led to their use in treating a wide range of diseases like bone marrow failure, hematopoietic neoplasms, infectious diseases, and congenital and myeloproliferative disorders. Neutrophils are primarily responsible for maintaining normal host defenses against invading bacteria, cell debris, or foreign substances. Eosinophils increase in number during allergic reactions and parasitic infections. T lymphocytes are involved in cell-mediated immunity. Natural killer cells participate in innate or natural immunity, and their function is to destroy foreign cells. Granulocytes are phagocytic cells. | ||
| 2. | A 12-year-old boy has contracted a bacterial infection at school, and his body has responded by increasing leukocyte production. Place the following components of white blood cell production in the correct chronological order. Use all the options.
A) Myeloblast B) Promyelocyte C) Myeloid stem cell D) Metamyelocyte E) Neutrophil |
|
| Ans: | C, A, B, D, E | |
| Feedback: | ||
| Granulocytes like neutrophils derive from the myeloid stem cells. The immature precursor cells for each of the cell lines are called blast cells. Myeloblasts, which are the granulocytic precursor cells, have round to oval nuclei, with delicate chromatin and a blue to gray cytoplasm. During the next stage of development, the myeloblasts are transformed into promyelocytes with similar nuclei, but with a cytoplasm containing many primary granules. In the subsequent metamyelocyte stage, the nuclei distort and become arclike, producing the band developmental stage. Metamyelocytes mature into neutrophils. | ||
| 3. | Which of the following statements most accurately conveys an aspect of lymphatic system activity? | |
| A) | B- and T-lymphocyte development begins in the bone marrow and ends in the peripheral lymphoid structures. | |
| B) | B cells and macrophages are released from the bone marrow in their completed state. | |
| C) | Stem cells in the lymph nodes initiate and regulate the process of white cell synthesis. | |
| D) | Leukocytes bypass vascular circulation and are distributed instead by the lymphatic system. | |
| Ans: | A | |
| Feedback: | ||
| While both precursor B and T lymphocytes begin their development in the bone marrow, they migrate to peripheral lymphoid structures to complete the differentiation process. Stem cells are not located in the lymph nodes, and circulation of white cells is not exclusive to the lymphatic circulatory system. | ||
| 4. | A 44-year-old male hospital client with a diagnosis of end-stage acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) has been placed on neutropenic precautions that limit his interaction with visitors, staff, and other clients. What is the underlying rationale for these precautions? | |
| A) | His antibody-mediated immunity is compromised by his low production of neutrophils. | |
| B) | Neutropenia limits the ability of his CD4 helper cells to present antigens. | |
| C) | Insufficient levels of neutrophils make him particularly susceptible to infections. | |
| D) | Cyclic neutropenia limits his body’s ability to fight various infections. | |
| Ans: | C | |
| Feedback: | ||
| A decrease in the number of neutrophils places an individual at risk for infection. Neutrophils are not directly involved in the antibody-mediated immune process, and his neutropenia is infection related, not cyclic. | ||
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