Chapter 28: Hygiene

Chapter 28: Hygiene

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. Brenda is a student nurse who is working on a long-term rehabilitation unit. She is providing care for Mrs. Reynolds, a 46-year-old woman who was the victim of a violent crime and suffered a head injury. Mrs. Reynolds has an endotracheal tube which is secured with tape. The tape is crusted with dried secretions. Brenda is has been asked to provide personal hygiene for Mrs. Reynolds and needs to replace the tape. What is the best way for Brenda to remove the tape?

ANS:   A

When patients have nasogastric, feeding, or endotracheal tubes inserted through the nose, change the tape anchoring the tube at least once a day. When the tape becomes moist from nasal secretions, the skin and mucosa can easily become macerated (softened by soaking). Friction from a tube causes tissue injury. Anchor tubing correctly with tape or fixative devices to minimize tension or friction on the nares.

PTS:    1                      DIF:    Cognitive Level: Application             REF:    771

OBJ:    Correctly perform hygiene procedures for the care of the patient’s skin, perineum, feet and nails, mouth, eyes, ears, and nose    TOP:               Nursing Process: Implementation

MSC:   Client Needs: Safe and Effective Care Environment

2. Margaret is a student nurse caring for Mr. Harrison, a 56-year-old patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Margaret is providing oral care for Mr. Harrison and notes that his gums are reddened and bleed easily. She knows that this is a sign of what condition?

ANS:   B

Gingivitis is inflammation of the gums, and dental caries is tooth decay produced by interaction of food with bacteria that forms plaque.

PTS:    1                      DIF:    Cognitive Level: Analysis                  REF:    748

OBJ:    Discuss conditions that place patients at risk for impaired oral mucous membranes

TOP:    Nursing Process: Assessment            MSC:   Client Needs: Physiological Integrity

3. Amber is a nursing student who works for a medical unit in the hospital. One of her job duties as a student nurse is to bathe patients. One of the patients she is responsible for, Mrs. Jones, is a 79-year-old patient with diabetes with fragile skin. Which of the following will most likely not cause Mrs. Jones to experience impaired skin integrity?

ANS:   D

With age the skin loses its resiliency and moisture, and sebaceous and sweat glands become less active. These changes often lead to dry, cracked skin. Daily bathing, inadequate fluid and nutrition, and the use of some soap products can cause the skin of an older adult to become too dry. As the epithelium thins and elastic collagen fibers shrink, the skin becomes fragile and subject to bruising and breaking. Activities such as turning and repositioning and washing the skin and perineal tissues can cause impaired skin integrity.

PTS:    1                      DIF:    Cognitive Level: Analysis                  REF:    752

OBJ:    Describe how hygiene for an older adult differs from that for a younger patient

TOP:    Nursing Process: Implementation

MSC:   Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance

4. Meredith is a 45-year-old woman with diabetes who has been hospitalized with diabetic ketoacidosis. Jasmine is a nursing student caring for Meredith. Which of the following is most important for Jasmine to assess as she bathes Meredith?

ANS:   C

Foot ulceration is the most common single risk factor for lower extremity amputations among persons with diabetes. Palpate the dorsalis pedis and posterior tibial pulses, and assess for intact sensation to light touch, pinprick, and temperature.

PTS:    1                      DIF:    Cognitive Level: Analysis                  REF:    753

OBJ:    Explain the importance of foot care for the patient with diabetes

TOP:    Nursing Process: Assessment

MSC:   Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance

5. Michele is a nursing student who is working on a postsurgical unit. She will be assisting patients with personal hygiene and plans to provide a back rub to each of her patients because research demonstrates that it enhances patient comfort and relaxation. On which of the following patients is effleurage contraindicated?

ANS:   B

Because effleurage causes an immediate rise in blood pressure and heart rate in patients who have had coronary artery bypass surgery, this therapy is not recommended for those patients during the first 48 hours after surgery.

PTS:    1                      DIF:    Cognitive Level: Analysis                  REF:    764

OBJ:    Perform a comprehensive assessment of a patient’s hygiene needs

TOP:    Nursing Process: Planning                 MSC:   Client Needs: Physiological Integrity