Chapter 48: Care of Patients with Cognitive Disorders

Chapter 48: Care of Patients with Cognitive Disorders

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. The percentage of the population that is 85 years of age and older who have some stage of Alzheimer’s disease is _____%.

ANS:  D

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common degenerative disease of the brain. Approximately 5.3 million Americans have AD (Alzheimer’s Association, 2010), and there is no known cause or cure. AD typically affects people over 65 years of age, but can also strike younger people. The 85-year-old-and-over age group is currently the fastest-growing age group in the United States. It is estimated that 50% of this age group have AD.

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Knowledge            REF:   1087              OBJ:   1 (theory)

TOP:   Alzheimer’s Disease: Incidence       KEY:  Nursing Process Step: Planning

MSC:  NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance

2. An 85-year-old man is admitted to the hospital with gastroenteritis and dehydration after a hiking trip to Mexico. He is given a dose of meclizine hydrochloride, an anticholinergic, for vomiting. He begins to hallucinate and talk to his wife, who has been dead for 10 years. The nurse assesses this behavior to be:

ANS:  D

Anticholinergic drugs can cause sudden confusion in the elderly. There is nothing in the history that suggests that the behavior would be related to AD or any other dementia as dementias progress slowly. Dehydration would increase the effect of the anticholinergic.

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Analysis                REF:   1086              OBJ:   2 (theory)

TOP:   Delirium: Etiology                          KEY:  Nursing Process Step: Assessment

MSC:  NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance

3. The nurse is aware the older adult is at risk for drug-induced delirium because of:

ANS:  C

Slower renal and liver clearance of drugs allows the drugs to accumulate in the system of the older adult.

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Comprehension     REF:   1086              OBJ:   2 (theory)

TOP:   Drug-Induced Delirium: Older Adult

KEY:  Nursing Process Step: Planning

MSC:  NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation

4. The nurse is aware that the memory lapses seen in early stages of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are related to the pathophysiology of:

ANS:  A

Loss of neurons in the frontal and temporal lobes results in atrophy and the many signs of AD, memory deficits being one of the earliest.

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Comprehension     REF:   1087              OBJ:   3 (theory)

TOP:   Alzheimer’s Disease: Pathophysiology

KEY:  Nursing Process Step: Planning

MSC:  NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation

5. The nurse notes that the newly admitted patient with Alzheimer’s disease has significant anomia. An appropriate intervention for this problem would be to:

ANS:  D

Anomia is the inability to recall a word. Waiting for the patient to remember the word or be able to substitute another is more supportive than supplying the word for him.

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Analysis                REF:   1088              OBJ:   3 (theory)

TOP:   Anomia: Intervention                      KEY:  Nursing Process Step: Planning

MSC:   NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation