Module 28 Mood and Affect

Module 28   Mood and Affect

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

The Concept of Mood and Affect

1) The nurse overhears a client apologize to the spouse about being ill and leaving tasks at home uncompleted. In addition to this client’s reason for hospitalization, the nurse realizes this client is at risk for developing which of the following?

1. A) Musculoskeletal disorder
2. B) Heart disease
3. C) Diabetes
4. D) Depression

Answer:  D

Explanation:  A) People who are unusually sensitive to failure to achieve their goals are said to have self-critical traits. These cognitive-personality features increase the likelihood that stressors will lead to depression. There is not enough information to determine if the client will develop heart disease, a musculoskeletal disorder, or diabetes.

1. B) People who are unusually sensitive to failure to achieve their goals are said to have self-critical traits. These cognitive-personality features increase the likelihood that stressors will lead to depression. There is not enough information to determine if the client will develop heart disease, a musculoskeletal disorder, or diabetes.
2. C) People who are unusually sensitive to failure to achieve their goals are said to have self-critical traits. These cognitive-personality features increase the likelihood that stressors will lead to depression. There is not enough information to determine if the client will develop heart disease, a musculoskeletal disorder, or diabetes.
3. D) People who are unusually sensitive to failure to achieve their goals are said to have self-critical traits. These cognitive-personality features increase the likelihood that stressors will lead to depression. There is not enough information to determine if the client will develop heart disease, a musculoskeletal disorder, or diabetes.

Page Ref: 1778

Cognitive Level:  Analyzing

Client Need:  Psychosocial Integrity

Nursing Process:  Assessment

Learning Outcome:  1. Summarize the structure and physiological processes of the neurological system related to mood and affect.

2) An older client tells the nurse about rarely going outdoors in the winter because of a lack of energy or desire. What might this client be experiencing?

1. A) Seasonal affective disorder
2. B) Side effect of medication
3. C) Situational depression
4. D) Anxiety

Answer:  A

Explanation:  A) A decreased exposure to sunlight will reduce the production of serotonin in the brain, and that can cause a type of depression termed seasonal affective disorder. Older individuals are prone to isolation during the winter, so this is a likely explanation for the client’s feelings. The nurse does not have enough information to determine if the client is experiencing a side effect of medication or anxiety. Situational depression is a depressive episode that occurs after an identifiable life event.

1. B) A decreased exposure to sunlight will reduce the production of serotonin in the brain, and that can cause a type of depression termed seasonal affective disorder. Older individuals are prone to isolation during the winter, so this is a likely explanation for the client’s feelings. The nurse does not have enough information to determine if the client is experiencing a side effect of medication or anxiety. Situational depression is a depressive episode that occurs after an identifiable life event.
2. C) A decreased exposure to sunlight will reduce the production of serotonin in the brain, and that can cause a type of depression termed seasonal affective disorder. Older individuals are prone to isolation during the winter, so this is a likely explanation for the client’s feelings. The nurse does not have enough information to determine if the client is experiencing a side effect of medication or anxiety. Situational depression is a depressive episode that occurs after an identifiable life event.
3. D) A decreased exposure to sunlight will reduce the production of serotonin in the brain, and that can cause a type of depression termed seasonal affective disorder. Older individuals are prone to isolation during the winter, so this is a likely explanation for the client’s feelings. The nurse does not have enough information to determine if the client is experiencing a side effect of medication or anxiety. Situational depression is a depressive episode that occurs after an identifiable life event.

Page Ref: 1780

Cognitive Level:  Analyzing

Client Need:  Psychosocial Integrity

Nursing Process:  Assessment

Learning Outcome:  2. Examine the relationship between mood and affect and other concepts/systems.

3) A client with a 2-month-old child is experiencing insomnia, mood swings, and crying. From what would this client most likely benefit?

Select all that apply.

1. A) Electroconvulsive therapy
2. B) Psychosocial interventions
3. C) Antidepressants
4. D) Time management and exercise therapy
5. E) Cognitive-behavioral therapy

Answer:  B, C

Explanation:  A) The client is demonstrating signs of postpartum depression as evidenced by the mood swings, insomnia, and crying. Treatment for this disorder includes antidepressants and psychosocial interventions. Electroconvulsive therapy would be indicated for some cases of depression but not for postpartum depression. Cognitive-behavioral therapy would be indicated for depression but not postpartum depression. Time management and exercise therapy would not be beneficial for a client experiencing postpartum depression.

1. B) The client is demonstrating signs of postpartum depression as evidenced by the mood swings, insomnia, and crying. Treatment for this disorder includes antidepressants and psychosocial interventions. Electroconvulsive therapy would be indicated for some cases of depression but not for postpartum depression. Cognitive-behavioral therapy would be indicated for depression but not postpartum depression. Time management and exercise therapy would not be beneficial for a client experiencing postpartum depression.
2. C) The client is demonstrating signs of postpartum depression as evidenced by the mood swings, insomnia, and crying. Treatment for this disorder includes antidepressants and psychosocial interventions. Electroconvulsive therapy would be indicated for some cases of depression but not for postpartum depression. Cognitive-behavioral therapy would be indicated for depression but not postpartum depression. Time management and exercise therapy would not be beneficial for a client experiencing postpartum depression.
3. D) The client is demonstrating signs of postpartum depression as evidenced by the mood swings, insomnia, and crying. Treatment for this disorder includes antidepressants and psychosocial interventions. Electroconvulsive therapy would be indicated for some cases of depression but not for postpartum depression. Cognitive-behavioral therapy would be indicated for depression but not postpartum depression. Time management and exercise therapy would not be beneficial for a client experiencing postpartum depression.
4. E) The client is demonstrating signs of postpartum depression as evidenced by the mood swings, insomnia, and crying. Treatment for this disorder includes antidepressants and psychosocial interventions. Electroconvulsive therapy would be indicated for some cases of depression but not for postpartum depression. Cognitive-behavioral therapy would be indicated for depression but not postpartum depression. Time management and exercise therapy would not be beneficial for a client experiencing postpartum depression.

Page Ref: 1780

Cognitive Level:  Analyzing

Client Need:  Psychosocial Integrity

Nursing Process:  Planning

Learning Outcome:  3. Identify commonly occurring alterations in mood and affect and their related therapies.

4) The nurse is planning to assess a client demonstrating signs of depression. What should the nurse use to assess this client?

1. A) More time talking with the client
2. B) The client’s family members, for answering the assessment questions
3. C) Beck Depression Inventory
4. D) Glasgow Coma Scale

Answer:  C

Explanation:  A) The Beck Depression Inventory is a series of 21 questions that the client answers in order to self-rate the level of depression. It takes approximately 10 minutes for the client to complete. The nurse can use it to help with the assessment of this client. The Glasgow Coma Scale is not used to assess depression but rather level of responsiveness for neurological conditions. The nurse should not ask family members to answer assessment questions for the client. Assessment of clients with depression is often done in 15- to 20-minute increments because the client usually does not have the energy to talk much longer. For that reason, the nurse should not plan more time with the client to complete the assessment.

1. B) The Beck Depression Inventory is a series of 21 questions that the client answers in order to self-rate the level of depression. It takes approximately 10 minutes for the client to complete. The nurse can use it to help with the assessment of this client. The Glasgow Coma Scale is not used to assess depression but rather level of responsiveness for neurological conditions. The nurse should not ask family members to answer assessment questions for the client. Assessment of clients with depression is often done in 15- to 20-minute increments because the client usually does not have the energy to talk much longer. For that reason, the nurse should not plan more time with the client to complete the assessment.
2. C) The Beck Depression Inventory is a series of 21 questions that the client answers in order to self-rate the level of depression. It takes approximately 10 minutes for the client to complete. The nurse can use it to help with the assessment of this client. The Glasgow Coma Scale is not used to assess depression but rather level of responsiveness for neurological conditions. The nurse should not ask family members to answer assessment questions for the client. Assessment of clients with depression is often done in 15- to 20-minute increments because the client usually does not have the energy to talk much longer. For that reason, the nurse should not plan more time with the client to complete the assessment.
3. D) The Beck Depression Inventory is a series of 21 questions that the client answers in order to self-rate the level of depression. It takes approximately 10 minutes for the client to complete. The nurse can use it to help with the assessment of this client. The Glasgow Coma Scale is not used to assess depression but rather level of responsiveness for neurological conditions. The nurse should not ask family members to answer assessment questions for the client. Assessment of clients with depression is often done in 15- to 20-minute increments because the client usually does not have the energy to talk much longer. For that reason, the nurse should not plan more time with the client to complete the assessment.

Page Ref: 1785

Cognitive Level:  Applying

Client Need:  Psychosocial Integrity

Nursing Process:  Assessment

Learning Outcome:  4. Differentiate common assessment procedures used to examine mood and affect across the life span.

5) A client is experiencing symptoms of depression. Which laboratory or diagnostic test would be used to determine if depression is being caused by another health problem?

1. A) Electrocardiogram
2. B) MRI of the brain
3. C) Thyroid function tests
4. D) Cerebral angiogram

Answer:  C

Explanation:  A) Heart disorders are not associated with the diagnosis of mood disorders. Cerebral MRI is not used to differentiate mood disorders from physical disorders. Thyroid function tests would be prescribed because thyroid disorders may mimic depression or hypomania. A cerebral angiogram is not used to differentiate mood disorders from physical disorders.

1. B) Heart disorders are not associated with the diagnosis of mood disorders. Cerebral MRI is not used to differentiate mood disorders from physical disorders. Thyroid function tests would be prescribed because thyroid disorders may mimic depression or hypomania. A cerebral angiogram is not used to differentiate mood disorders from physical disorders.
2. C) Heart disorders are not associated with the diagnosis of mood disorders. Cerebral MRI is not used to differentiate mood disorders from physical disorders. Thyroid function tests would be prescribed because thyroid disorders may mimic depression or hypomania. A cerebral angiogram is not used to differentiate mood disorders from physical disorders.
3. D) Heart disorders are not associated with the diagnosis of mood disorders. Cerebral MRI is not used to differentiate mood disorders from physical disorders. Thyroid function tests would be prescribed because thyroid disorders may mimic depression or hypomania. A cerebral angiogram is not used to differentiate mood disorders from physical disorders.

Page Ref: 1788

Cognitive Level:  Analyzing

Client Need:  Psychosocial Integrity

Nursing Process:  Assessment

Learning Outcome:  5. Describe diagnostic and laboratory tests used to determine causes of alterations in an individual’s mood and affect.