Chapter 10: Pediatric

Chapter 10: Pediatric

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. Which hormone can suppress surfactant production in fetal lungs?
2. Cortisol
3. Estrogen
4. Insulin
5. Glucagon
6. Androgens

ANS: C, Insulin is known to suppress surfactant production in fetal lungs. High levels of insulin in diabetic mothers, who are resistant to insulin action, are an important cause of fetal pulmonary immaturity, predisposing premature infants of diabetic mothers to neonatal respiratory distress syndrome.

2. Which disease is caused by prolonged exposure of premature infants to oxygen at a high concentration?
3. Retrolental fibroplasia
4. Coloboma
5. Retinitis pigmentosa
6. Blepharitis
7. Keratomalacia

ANS: A, Retrolental fibroplasia is a well-known ocular complication of prolonged exposure of neonates to a high concentration of oxygen in incubators.

3. Neonatal vomiting and diarrhea and failure to thrive, combined with jaundice, hepatomegaly, early development of cataracts, and mental retardation, suggest the diagnosis of
4. Hunter syndrome
5. Hurler syndrome
6. cystic fibrosis
7. Marfan syndrome
8. galactosemia

ANS: E, Galactosemia, a mutation of the gene encoding galactose-phosphate-uridyl transferase, is characterized by growth retardation and digestive problems, as well as pathologic changes in the liver, eyes, and brain.

4. Most teratomas in infants are located in the
5. cranium
6. mediastinum
7. gonads
8. retroperitoneum
9. sacrococcygeal region

ANS: E, Most congenital teratomas are located in the sacrococcygeal region, and appear as masses attached to the “rump.”